The murder of Ebony Jane Simpson occurred on 19 August 1992 in Bargo, New South Wales, Australia. Aged nine years, Simpson was abducted, raped, and murdered by asphyxiation when Andrew Peter Garforth (born 5 August 1963) drowned her. Garforth pleaded guilty to the crimes and was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.
 Ebony Simpson | |
| Date | 19 August 1992 |
|---|---|
| Location | Bargo, New South Wales, Australia |
| Type | Murder |
| Cause | Abduction, rape and asphyxiation, caused by drowning |
| Deaths | Ebony Jane Simpson (aged 9 years) |
| Convicted | Andrew Peter Garforth |
| Convictions | Murder |
| Sentence | Life imprisonment; no possibility of parole |
Abduction and murder
editOn 19 August 1992, Simpson disembarked from her school bus. Her mother, who usually met her at the bus stop, was busy that day and had arranged for Simpson's older brother to meet her and accompany her home, after his bus reached the bus stop. Unfortunately his bus arrived later than usual and Simpson was not there. Simpson, not seeing her brother at the bus stop, decided to start walking home as it was only a short distance away. Simpson thought that she would meet her brother at home.[1]
Police immediately suspected that Simpson had been kidnapped rather than running away. Suspicion fell on a man who was seen working on his car near where Simpson had gotten off the bus. Over a hundred people began searching the area for Simpson, including police, firemen, State Emergency Service members, and volunteers.[2]
Two days later, on 21 August, police found Simpson's body in a dam at a wildlife sanctuary near her home. Her hands and feet were still bound. Later that day, 29 year old Andrew Peter Garforth was arrested and confessed to the murder.[3] With her house in sight, Garforth had grabbed Simpson, thrown her in the boot of his car and driven off to a remote dam. Once there, he bound her with wire, raped her, weighted her schoolbag and threw her into the dam's reservoir, where she drowned.[4] According to police, Garforth had participated in the search for Simpson on the day her body was found.[3]
Arrest
editGarforth confessed to the crime after police detained him, showing no remorse for his actions during the confession and court sessions. He pleaded guilty to the murder of Simpson and was sentenced in 1993 to life imprisonment.[5] Justice Peter Newman refused to fix a non-parole period and ordered that Garforth's papers be marked "never to be released".[6]
Garforth appealed to the High Court of Australia, but he was refused special leave.[7] It is one of two similar cases which were refused special leave.[8] In discussing the meaning of "life imprisonment" when Garforth appealed his sentence the Judges said, "the community interest in retribution, deterrence, protection of children and the community in such situations may so strongly outweigh any regard for rehabilitation that a life sentence becomes the only option."[8][9][10][11][12]
In 1995, Garforth lodged several claims for victims' compensation via his lawyers, relating to alleged assaults which occurred in prison. The claims were later withdrawn after public outrage.[6] Garforth's prisoner status was downgraded upon the recommendation of the Serious Offenders Review Council in 2015, giving him access to prison employment and rehabilitation courses. The council's decision was immediately reversed by Minister for Corrections David Elliott.[6]
Aftermath
editSimpson's parents, Christine and Peter Simpson, joined forces with Grace and Garry Lynch, the parents of New South Wales 1986 murder victim Anita Cobby, to create the Homicide Victims Support Group. The group provides support to the families of murder victims and lobbies for victims' rights.[13]
Following the 1988 state election, the NSW Government introduced legislation in 1989 and 1990 broadly aimed at truth in sentencing.[14][15] Garforth's case was often cited as a test case for the application of the principle of life sentencing[16][17] and security classification.[18][19][20]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Humphries, Glen (17 April 2014). "Mother recounts Ebony Simpson tragedy in new crime series". Illawarra Mercury. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ "Town shocked at schoolgirl's disappearance". The Canberra Times. 21 August 1992. p. 3. Retrieved 1 June 2019 – via Trove.
- ^ a b "Angry crowd waits as man faces charge of killing Bargo girl". The Canberra Times. 22 August 1992. p. 3. Retrieved 1 June 2019 – via Trove.
- ^ Tullis, Ashleigh (17 August 2017). "Ebony Simpson's murder remembered 25 years on". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ "Ebony's killer to spend rest of his life in jail". The Canberra Times. 10 July 1993. p. 3. Retrieved 1 June 2019 – via Trove.
- ^ a b c "Ebony Simpson's abduction and murder by Andrew Peter Garforth placed in 'worst category' by judge". The Daily Telegraph. Sydney. 13 July 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
- ^ Garforth v The Queen [1994] HCATrans 149.
- ^ a b Anderson, John (17 November 1998). "The Law Report". Radio National. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original (transcript) on 1 May 2004. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
- ^ Nicholson, John C. (Justice) (n.d.). "When Life Means Life". Public Defenders Office. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Kernohan, Liz; Chikarovski, Kerry (23 November 1994). "Garforth High Court Appeal". Hansard. Legislative Assembly of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Nile, Fred; Hannaford, John (15 November 1994). "Garforth High Court Appeal". Hansard. Legislative Council of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Nile, Fred; Hannaford, John (12 April 1994). "Criminal Convictions Appeals". Hansard. Legislative Council of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Verity, William (17 April 2014). "A life sentence for victims of crime". Illawarra Mercury. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
- ^ Patty, Anne (13 September 2013). "NSW sentencing laws to be simplified". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ^ Cunneen, Chris (March 1992). "Dangers and opportunities in the sentencing crisis" (PDF). Current Issues in Criminal Justice. 3 (3). Sydney Law School: 349. doi:10.1080/10345329.1992.12036539. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ^ Andreson, John L. (2006). "'Indefinite, inhumane, inequitable' – The principle of equal application of the law and the natural life sentence for murder: A reform agenda" (.rtf). University of New South Wales Law Journal. 41. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Arnold, Ann (2 February 1997). Enough Is Enough: Victims of Crime (transcript). Background Briefing, Radio National. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Security classification and management of inmates sentenced to life imprisonment (PDF). Legislative Council of New South Wales, Parliament of New South Wales. 4 April 2016. ISBN 9781922258144. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "Life Prisoners' Inquiry: The Hearing Report". Justice Action. 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ Nedim, Ugur (17 July 2015). "How Are Prison Inmates Classified?". Sydney Criminal Lawyers.
Further reading
edit- Reade, Helen (2003). Little Girls Lost: The Stories of Four of Australia's Most Horrific Child Murders, and Their Families' Fight for Justice. Rowville, Victoria: Five Mile Press. ISBN 1-86503-937-3.