Mykulyntsi Castle (Ukrainian: Микулинецький замок) is a castle built in 1550 in Mykulyntsi of the Ternopil Oblast by Anna Jordanowa[1] from the Sieniawski family, wife of Spytek Wawrzyniec Jordan[2] in Zakliczyn, castellan of Kraków.[3] An architectural monument of national importance.[4][5]
| Mykulyntsi Castle | |
|---|---|
Микулинецький замок | |
 The wall and tower of Mykulyntsi Castle | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Status | Architectural monument of national importance |
| Location | Mykulyntsi, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast |
| Country | Ukraine |
| Coordinates | 49°23′49″N 25°36′33″E / 49.39694°N 25.60917°E |
History
editThe stronghold, located on a mountain on the right bank of the Seret River, was frequently attacked and invaded, as it stood on the so-called Tartar route. In 1675, during the invasion of Ibrahim Szyszman, the castle was besieged by the Turks; after a 15-day defense, it surrendered on the condition that the crew and residents be let go. The invaders did not honor the agreement. The commanders (including the commandant of the castle, a certain Orchyjowski, with his three sons) were murdered by being impaled, while the rest of the defenders were abducted into slavery.[3][6] For a period the fortress was the seat of the Zborowski family, given as a dowry by Zofia, daughter of Spytek Wawrzyniec Jordan,[7] who married Samuel Zborowski.[8][9] In 1637, the stronghold was purchased by Stanislaw Koniecpolski, castellan of Kraków and Grand Hetman of the Crown.[3] Subsequent owners of the castle were the Sieniawski, Lubomirski and Mniszech families.[3] At the end of the 19th century, the castle was converted into stables.
Palace in Mykulyntsi
editFrom the mid-18th century, the owner of the castle was Ludwika Potocka of the Mniszech family, castellan of Krakow, who bought the estate from the Lubomirskis and built the current palace.[3] In 1792 the owner of the palace was the baron Konopka family.[3] At the beginning of the 19th century Jan Konopka arranged a cloth factory in part of the castle halls, which could not withstand competition from factories existing in the western Austrian provinces.[3][4] The palace now houses a physical therapy sanatorium. The former interiors were adapted for medical activities and no longer have stylish features.[9]
Architecture
editThe castle in the 16th century was a residential building with four wings 75 meters long and large cellars. Its outer walls were 2 meters thick. Inside the fortress was a courtyard, accessed by entrance gates, located on the east and west sides. Towers three stories high with gun emplacements stood at three corners.[9]
Gallery
edit-
Castle ruins at present -
Castle ruins before 1939 -
Palace -
Palace from the side of the park
References
edit- ^ "Anna Sieniawska". genealogia.grocholski.pl. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
- ^ Roman Aftanazy. Dzieje rezydencji na dawnych kresach Rzeczypospolitej, wyd. drugie przejrzane i uzupełnione, t. 7: Województwo ruskie, Ziemia Halicka i Lwowska, Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1995, s. 116-123, ISBN 83-04-04229-0, ISBN 83-04-03701-7 (całość).
- ^ a b c d e f g "Mikulińce". Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (in Polish). 6. Warszawa: Kasa im. Józefa Mianowskiego. 1885. p. 412.
- ^ a b (in Ukrainian) Бойко В., Микулинецький замок // Ternopil Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 4 v. / editorial board: H. Yavorskyi and other, Ternopil: "Zbruch", 2010, V. 4: А—Я (додатковий), S. 394. — ISBN 978-966-528-318-8.
- ^ Лист Тернопільської ОДА від 23 червня 2021 року № 02-5124/42.
- ^ Aleksander Czołowski (1894). "Wojna polsko-turecka 1675 r.: początki wojny - bitwa pod Lwowem - oblężenie Trembowli". polona.pl. Retrieved 2022-01-29.
- ^ "Spytek Wawrzyniec Jordan". genealogia.grocholski.pl. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
- ^ "Samuel Zborowski". genealogia.grocholski.pl. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
- ^ a b c "Mikulińce". Retrieved 2013-08-25.
Bibliography
edit- "Mikulińce". Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (in Polish). 6. Warszawa: Kasa im. Józefa Mianowskiego. 1885. p. 412—414.