A nanopore battery is a rechargeable battery that is a composite of billions of nanoscale batteries formed within the pores of a substrate.[1]
The space inside the holes is so small that billions of pores combined equal the volume of a grain of sand. Each pore's diameter was some one eighty-thousandth the width of a human hair.[1]
Construction
editIn 2014 a demonstration device was made from a ceramic sheet made of anodic aluminum. It held two vanadium pentoxide nanotube electrodes separated by an electrolyte that carried the electrical charge between the two. The current collector was made of ruthenium. The individual batteries are connected in parallel.[2]
The V
2O
5 is prelithiated at one end to form the anode, with pure V
2O
5 at the other end to form the cathode. The battery asymmetrically cycles between 0.2 V and 1.8 V.[3]
Performance
editThe capacity retention of this full cell (relative to 1 C values) is 95% at 5 C and 46% at 150 C, with a 1,000-cycle life.[3] A demonstration device was fully charged in 12 minutes and recharged thousands of times.[1]
Implications
editThe system uses an electrochemical regime in which ion insertion and surface charge mechanisms for energy storage become indistinguishable. It can serve as a vehicle for studying ion transport limits in dense, nanostructured, electrode arrays.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Coxworth, Ben (November 11, 2014). "Tiny battery is made from lots of even tinier "nanopore" batteries". Gizmag. Archived from the original on February 23, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
- ^ "A battery made up of billions of nanoscale batteries". Kurzweil.net. November 11, 2014. Archived from the original on February 23, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
- ^ a b c Liu, C.; Gillette, E. I.; Chen, X.; Pearse, A. J.; Kozen, A. C.; Schroeder, M. A.; Gregorczyk, K. E.; Lee, S. B.; Rubloff, G. W. (2014). "An all-in-one nanopore battery array". Nature Nanotechnology. 9 (12): 1031–1039. Bibcode:2014NatNa...9.1031L. doi:10.1038/nnano.2014.247. PMID 25383515.