Naum Evro
Naum Evro(vić) (Serbian: Наум Евро(вић)) was a pro-Serbian activist in the Ottoman Empire. He was among the first Macedonists. Evro was a founder and member of the Sofia-based organization Secret Macedonian Committee.
Life
[edit]Naum Evro was born in Struga, Ottoman Empire. He received primary education in his birthplace.[1] Evro later was educated at the Theological School in Belgrade, after which he was appointed as an intern in the Vranje district.[2] Afterwards, he studied philology in Belgrade and learned French in Paris for a specialist degree for one year.[1]
He later emigrated to Sofia.[2] Along with Temko Popov(ić), Kosta Grupče(vić) and Vasil(ije) Karajovov(ić), he established the anti-Bulgarian Secret Macedonian Committee (SMC) in Sofia.[3][4][5] The establishment of SMC marked the beginning of the pro-Serbian activities by its activists.[3] He was among the first Macedonists.[4] Evro served as the secretary of SMC. He advocated for the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, the rejection of the Bulgarian Exarchate and the introduction of the Macedonian language in education and administration.[2] In August 1886, along with the other leaders of SMC, he attended negotiations with the Serbian government in Belgrade on collecting funds for the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid and opening church-school communities, publishing a newspaper Macedonian Voice in Macedonian in Constantinople (which would be against Bulgarian influence and pro-Ottoman),[4] opening schools throughout Ottoman Macedonia and hiring teachers that would teach Macedonian, printing books in Macedonian, etc.[6]
In 1886, he became part of the Association of Serbo-Macedonians, headquartered in Constantinople, founded and led by Serbian politician Stojan Novaković, for the realization of the Serbian cause.[7] Novaković was his sponsor.[8] Along with Grupčević, he assisted Novaković, being partially successful in imposing strong Serbian linguistic influence on Macedonian.[7] Together with Grupčević, he tried to publish the newspaper Macedonian Leaf in 1887.[2] In 1888, together with Grupčević, he prepared the Macedonian Primer, in Macedonian, under the influence of the Serbian language.[2][9] It was sent to Belgrade for evaluation in June 1888. However, the primer was not accepted due to relying predominantly on Macedonian, thus the primer by Milojko Veselinović was accepted and published instead. Per Macedonian linguist Trajko Stamatoski, their primer was declined because it did not comply with Novaković's instructions.[6] In 1888, Marin Drinov wrote to Kuzman Shapkarev that Evro "sold himself to the Serbs."[1] Bulgarian Exarchate's secretary Atanas Shopov wrote that Evro made a request to be a Bulgarian teacher in Macedonia. Per Shopov, he returned to Struga ill.[10]
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 Коста Църнушанов (1992). Македонизмът и съпротивата на Македония срещу него (in Bulgarian). Sofia: Университетско издателство "Св. Климент Охридски". p. 39.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Наум Евро". Енциклопедија на македонска книжевност (in Macedonian). Retrieved 22 April 2026.
- 1 2 Klara Volarić (2014). "Between the Ottoman and Serbian States: Carigradski Glasnik, an Istanbul-based Paper of Ottoman Serbs, 1895–1909". Hungarian Historical Review (3): 579.
- 1 2 3 Roumen Daskalov; Tchavdar Marinov, eds. (2013). Entangled Histories of the Balkans - Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies. Brill. pp. 317–318. ISBN 9789004250765.
- ↑ Dragan Taškovski (1969). Rađanje makedonske nacije (in Serbian). Zavod za izdavanje udžbenika Socijalističke Republike Srbije. p. 175.
- 1 2 Andreas Stynen; Krisztina Lajosi, eds. (2020). The Matica and Beyond: Cultural Associations and Nationalism in Europe. Brill. pp. 142–143, 146. ISBN 9789004425385.
- 1 2 Denis Š. Ljuljanović (2023). Imagining Macedonia in the Age of Empire: State Policies, Networks and Violence (1878-1912). Lit Verlag. p. 190. ISBN 9783643914460.
- ↑ Dimitar Bechev (2009). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia. Scarecrow Press. p. 162. ISBN 0-8108-6295-6.
- ↑ Биљана Вучетић (2012). Наша ствар у Османском царству. Историјски институт. p. 166. ISBN 9788677430955.
- ↑ Atanas Shopov (1895). Изь новата история на Бьлгаритеь вь Турция (in Bulgarian). Plovdiv: Тьрговска печатница. p. 79.