Nelson power station supplied electricity to the town of Nelson, Lancashire and the surrounding area from 1892 to 1960. The power station was owned and operated by Nelson Corporation prior to the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. It was redeveloped in 1922 to 1925 to meet the increased demand for electricity.
| Nelson power station | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Country | England |
| Location | Nelson, Lancashire |
| Coordinates | 53°50′48″N 02°12′28″W / 53.84667°N 2.20778°W |
| Status | Decommissioned and demolished |
| Construction began | 1890 |
| Commission date | 1892 |
| Decommission date | 1960 |
| Owners | Nelson Corporation (1883–1948) British Electricity Authority (1948–1955) Central Electricity Authority (1955–1957) Central Electricity Generating Board (1958–1960) |
| Operator | As owner |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel | Coal |
| Turbine technology | Steam turbines |
| Cooling source | Canal water |
| Power generation | |
| Units operational | 1 × 3 MW, 1 × 3.3 MW, 1 × 6.45 MW |
| Make and model | Brush-Ljungstrom |
| Nameplate capacity | 12.75 MW |
| Annual net output | 8,079 MWh (1946) |
History
editIn 1883 Nelson Corporation applied for a Provisional Order under the Electric Lighting Acts to generate and supply electricity to the town. This was granted by the Board of Trade and was confirmed by Parliament through the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 4) Act 1883 (46 & 47 Vict. c. ccxvi).[1] The power station was built in Charles Street, Nelson (53° 50′ 48″ N, 2° 12′ 28″ W)[2] and it first supplied electricity in 1892.[3] Further equipment was added to meet the rising demand for electricity; by the 1920s it had a generating capacity of 6,400 kW.[4]
In 1900 a system was inaugurated by Nelson Corporation to generate electricity from domestic refuse.[5]
From the system's establishment in February 1903 the power station supplied electric current to Nelson Corporation Tramways.[6] The tram system was decommissioned in January 1934.
Nelson Corporation charged more for electricity than any other electricity undertaking in the North West. In 1913 Nelson Corporation charged 2.42 d./kWh, compared to Manchester Corporation which charge 1.02 d./kWh.[7]
In 1928 Nelson power station became a 'selected' station in the North West England and North Wales Electricity Scheme. The Central Electricity Board imposed restrictions on the working and use of the station.[8]
The British electricity supply industry was nationalised in 1948 under the provisions of the Electricity Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6 c. 54).[9] The Nelson electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of Nelson power station was vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB).[5] At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Nelson electricity undertaking were transferred to the North Western Electricity Board (NORWEB).
Nelson power station was decommissioned in about 1960.[10] There is a 132 kV electricity sub-station on the site.[11]
Equipment specification
editIn 1895 the plant comprised Willans engines coupled directly to Holmes and Siemens dynamos. The plant had a maximum load of 89 kW.[3]
By 1922 the plant comprised boilers delivering 75,000 lb/h (9.44 kg/s) of steam to:
- 2 × 3,000 kW steam turbo-alternators AC
- 1 × 400 kW reciprocating engine with DC generator
These machines gave a total generating capacity of 6,400 kW comprising 6,000 kW of alternating current (AC) plus 400 kW of direct current (DC).[4]
Electricity supplies available to consumers were:
- 400 & 230 Volts, 3-phase, 50 Hz AC
- 460 & 230 Volts DC
- 300 V DC Traction current
Plant in 1922–25
editNew plant was commissioned in 1922 to 1925. This comprised:[12]
- Boilers:
- 3 × Babcock & Wilcox 13,000 lb/h (1.64 kg/s) water tube boilers, steam conditions were 200 psi and 600 °F (13.8 bar, 315 °C)
- 1 × Babcock & Wilcox 20,000 lb/h (2.52 kg/s) water tube boiler, steam conditions as above,
- There was therefore a total steam raising capability of 59,000 lb/h (7.43 kg/s), steam was supplied to:
- Generators:
- 1 × 3 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator
- 1 × 3.3 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator
- 1 × 6.45 MW Brush-Ljungstrom turbo-alternator
The total generating capacity was 12.75 MW at 6.6 kV.[12]
Condenser cooling water was drawn from the nearby Leeds and Liverpool canal.[12]
Operations
editOperating data 1898
editElectricity sold: to consumers 68,768 kWh.[3]
No. of lamps on circuits: 5,108
Revenue from sales of electricity was £1,345; the cost of generation was £324.[3]
Operating data 1921–23
editThe electricity supply data for the period 1921–23 was:[4]
| Electricity Use | Units | Year | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | ||
| Lighting and domestic | MWh | 591.8 | 725.4 | 790.0 |
| Public lighting | MWh | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Traction | MWh | 302.2 | 62.1 | 554.0 |
| Power | MWh | 639.6 | 627.7 | 1,111.6 |
| Bulk supply | MWh | 108.2 | 106.5 | 1,484.9 |
| Total use | MWh | 1,641.8 | 1,521.8 | 3,940.5 |
Electricity Loads on the system were:[4]
| Year | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum load | kW | 826 | 980 | 2,800 |
| Total connections | kW | 5,200 | 5,713 | 5,975 |
| Load factor | Per cent | 25.3 | 20.0 | 22.9 |
Revenue from sales of current (in 1923) was £44,060; the surplus of revenue over expenses (1923) was £22,737.[4]
Operating data 1946
editIn 1946 Nelson power station supplied 8,079 MWh of electricity, the maximum output load was 6,600 MW.[13]
Operating data 1954–58
editOperating data for the period 1954–58 was:[12]
| Year | Running hours or load factor (per cent) | Max output capacity MW | Electricity supplied MWh | Thermal efficiency per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 763 | 6 | 2,795 | 11.29 |
| 1955 | 581 | 6 | 2,173 | 10.54 |
| 1956 | 277 | 5 | 955 | 9.57 |
| 1957 | 497 | 4 | 1,441 | 9.18 |
| 1958 | 136 | 4 | 222 | 4.22 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Local Acts 1883". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ Ordnance Survey 6 inch England and Wales, Lancashire LVI.NE (includes: Barrowford; Colne; Nelson.), revised 1909 to 1910, published 1914
- ^ a b c d Garcke, Emile (1898). Manual of Electrical Undertakings 1898-99 vol. 3. London: P. S. King and Son. pp. 253–4.
- ^ a b c d e Electricity Commissioners (1925). Electricity Supply – 1920–23. London: HMSO. pp. 66–69, 302–07.
- ^ a b Electricity Council (1987). Electricity supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology. London: Electricity Council. pp. 31, 45, 60, 69, 73. ISBN 085188105X.
- ^ "Nelson Corporation Tramways". tramwayinfo. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ Hannah, Leslie (1979). Electricity before Nationalisation. London: Macmillan. p. 52. ISBN 0333220862.
- ^ Electricity Commissioners (1936). Electricity Commissioners, Sixteenth Annual Report April 1935 to March 1936. London: HMSO. p. 180.
- ^ "Electricity Act 1947". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ Nelson power station is mentioned in Garrett (1959), but not the CEGB Annual Report 1961
- ^ "Open Infrastructure Map". Open Infrastructure Map. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
- ^ a b c d Garrett, Frederick (1959). Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56. London: Electrical Press. pp. A-79 A-128.
- ^ Electricity Commissioners (1947). Generation of Electricity in Great Britain year ended 31 December 1946. London: HMSO. p. 11.