Netiva Ben Yehuda (Hebrew: נתיבה בן-יהודה; July 1928, Tel Aviv – 28 February 2011) was an Israeli author, editor and media personality. She was a commander in the pre-state Jewish underground Palmach.
Netiva Ben-Yehuda | |
|---|---|
 Netiva Ben-Yehuda, 2008 | |
| Born | 26 July 1928 Tel Aviv,  Mandatory Palestine |
| Died | 28 February 2011 (aged 82) |
| Nationality |  Israel |
| Occupation(s) | Author, Editor, and former soldier of the Palmach |
Biography
editNetiva ("Tiva") Ben-Yehuda was born in Tel Aviv, in Mandate Palestine, on 26 July 1928. Her father was Baruch Ben-Yehuda, director general of the first Israeli ministry of education.[1]
Ben-Yehuda joined the Palmach at the age of 18 and was trained in demolition, bomb disposal, topography, and scouting.[2] Her duties included transferring ammunition, escorting convoys, and training recruits.
The Palmach generally opposed women fighting at the front, however Ben-Yehuda was a commander and participated in several battles by performing sabotage operations.[3] On February 11, 1948, Ben-Yehuda and her comrades planted a mine for a busload of Arabs. This event and the ensuing death impacted Ben-Yehuda psychologically.[3]
Ben-Yehuda considered competing in discus throwing at the Olympics, but a bullet injury to her arm kept her from pursuing an athletic career.[1] She studied at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem and Jewish philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Ben Yehuda worked as a freelance editor, and in 1972 published The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang. Between 1981 and 1991, she published her Palmah trilogy, a series of three novels based on her own experience in the War of Independence (see "Published works").[4] She wrote over 30 books, including a Hebrew slang dictionary, coauthored with Dahn Ben-Amotz.
She was the host of a late-night Israel Radio show for 14 years where she played old-time Israeli songs and spoke with callers.[5] She was a resident of Palmach Street in the capital, and the local cafe she patronized on that street became known as "Cafe Netiva."[5]
Ben Yehuda died on 28 February 2011 at the age of 82.
Awards and honours
editIn 2004, Ben Yehuda received the Yakir Yerushalayim (Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem) award from the city of Jerusalem.[6]
Quote
editOn the subject of the Palmach: "I don't think that there has ever been any other underground movement in the world in which 'male chauvinism' triumphed so powerfully and so proudly".[7]
Published works
edit- The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang (with Dahn Ben Amotz), Zmora Bitan, 1972 [Ha-Milon Le-Ivrit Meduberet]
- 1948 – Between Calendars (novel), Keter, 1981 [Ben Ha-Sefirot], part of the Palmach trilogy
- The World Dictionary of Hebrew Slang, Part 2 (with Dahn Ben Amotz), Zmora Bitan, 1982 [Ha-Milon Le-Ivrit Meduberet II]
- Blessings and Curses (writings), Keter, 1984 [Brachot U-Klalot]
- Through the Binding Ropes (novel), Domino, 1985 [Mi-Bead L'Avotot], part of the Palmach trilogy
- Jerusalem from the Inside (novel), Edanim, 1988 [Yerushalayim Mi-Bifnocho]
- Autobiography in Poem and Song (folk songs), Keter, 1991 [Otobiografia Be-Shir U-Zemer]
- When the State of Israel Broke Out (novel), Keter, 1991 [Ke-She Partzah Ha-Medinah], part of the Palmach trilogy
References
edit- ^ a b Feldman, Yael (1 January 2000). "Hebrew Gender and Zionist Ideology: The Palmach Trilogy of Netiva Ben Yehuda". Prooftexts: A Journal of Jewish Literary History.
- ^ Pennington, Reina (2003). Amazons to Fighter Pilots: a Biographical Dictionary of Military Women. Westport: Greenwood Press. p. 51. ISBN 0313327076.
- ^ a b Pennington, Reina (2003). Amazons to Fighter Pilots: a Biographical Dictionary of Military Women. Westport: Greenwood Press. p. 51. ISBN 0313327076.
- ^ Feldman, Yael. "Netiva Ben Yehuda". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
- ^ a b Hasson, Nir (28 February 2011). "Radio Host Netiva Ben Yehuda Passes on at 83". Haaretz.
- ^ "Recipients of Yakir Yerushalayim award (in Hebrew)". Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. City of Jerusalem official website
- ^ Feldman, Yael S. (1 January 1999). No Room of Their Own: Gender and Nation in Israeli Women's Fiction. Columbia University Press. p. 177. ISBN 9780231111461 – via Internet Archive.