Neutral fats, also known as true fats, are simple lipids that are produced by the dehydration synthesis of one or more fatty acids with an alcohol like glycerol. Neutral fats are also known as triacylglycerols,[1] these lipids are dense as well as hydrophobic due to their long carbon chain and are there main function is to store energy. Neutral fats can be made from the compact packing of fatty acids. Triacylglycerols can also serve to part of lipid membranes,[2] which serve to provide flexibility to the membranes, they can also serve as parts for signaling molecules. Many types of neutral fats are possible both because of the number and variety of fatty acids that could form part of it and because of the different bonding locations for the fatty acids. An example is a monoglyceride, which has one fatty acid combined with glycerol, a diglyceride, which has two fatty acids combined with glycerol, or a triglyceride, which has three fatty acids combined with glycerol.
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Triglycerides
editTriglycerides are formed from the esterification of 3 molecules of fatty acids with one molecule of trihydric alcohol, glycerol (glycerine or trihydroxy propane). In the process, 3 molecules of water are eliminated. The word "triglyceride" refers to the number of fatty acids esterified to one molecule of glycerol.
In triglycerides, the three fatty acids are rarely similar and are thus called pure fats. For example, tripalmitin, tristearin, etc.
Sources
edit- Biology 12: a student resource, R. Prior.
- Lehmann, M. (2018). Endocrine and physiological regulation of neutral fat storage in Drosophila. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 461, 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.008
- Christoph Heier, Ronald P Kühnlein, Triacylglycerol Metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster, Genetics, Volume 210, Issue 4, 1 December 2018, Pages 1163–1184, {{doi|10.1534/genetics.118.301583}}
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- ^ Lehmann, Michael (February 2018). "Endocrine and physiological regulation of neutral fat storage in Drosophila". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 461: 165–177. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.008. ISSN 0303-7207. PMC 5756521. PMID 28893568.
- ^ Heier, Christoph; Kühnlein, Ronald P (2018-12-01). "Triacylglycerol Metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster". Genetics. 210 (4): 1163–1184. doi:10.1534/genetics.118.301583. ISSN 1943-2631. PMC 6283168. PMID 30523167.