Anaiwan (Anēwan) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language of New South Wales. Since 2017, there has been a revival program underway to bring the language back.
| Anaiwan | |
|---|---|
| Anewan New England | |
| Region | Armidale New South Wales, Australia |
| Ethnicity | Anēwan, Himberrong |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Revival | 2017 (no native speakers) |
Pama–Nyungan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nyx |
| Glottolog | ngan1296 |
| AIATSIS[1] | D24 Southern Anaiwan, D64 Northern Anaiwan |
| ELP | Nganyaywana |
 Anaiwan (green) among other Pama–Nyungan languages (tan) | |
Classification
editOnce included in the Kuric languages, Bowern (2011) classifies Nganyaywana as a separate Anēwan (Anaiwan) branch of the Pama–Nyungan languages.[2]
Dialects
editBesides Nganyaywana, Anewan may include Enneewin, with which shares about 65% of its vocabulary. Crowley (1976) counts these as distinct languages, whereas Wafer and Lissarrague (2008) consider them to be dialects.[3]
Phonology
editConsonants
edit| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Plosive | b | ɡ | ɟ | d | |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n | |
| Lateral | ʎ | l | |||
| Trill | r | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ɻ | ||
Vowels
edit- Vowels are heard as /i, a, u/. Each may also have allophones as [e], [ɛ, ɔ], and [o].[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ D24 Southern Anaiwan at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (see the info box for additional links)
- ^ Bowern, Claire. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?", Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web, December 23, 2011 (corrected February 6, 2012)
- ^ D64 Enneewin at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Crowley, Terry M. (1976). Phonological change in New England. In Dixon, R. M. W. (ed.), Grammatical categories in Australian languages: Canberra: AIAS. pp. 19–50.
External links
edit- Bibliography of Nganyaywana language and people resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
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