Niccolò Paccanari (1773 – c. 1811) was an Italian Catholic priest and the founder of the Society of the Faith of Jesus.
Niccolò Paccanari | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1773 |
| Died | c. 1811 (aged 37–38) |
| Known for | Founding the Society of the Faith of Jesus |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1800 |
Early life
editPaccanari was born in 1773 in Borgo Valsugana, Trentino.[1] In his youth, he had little formal education; he became a soldier and was engaged in business.
Religious life
editIn 1795, he became gravely ill and spent 14 months in prayer and recuperation with a confraternity at the Oratory of San Francesco Saverio del Caravita in Rome.[2] At the end of this period, Paccanari established a religious congregation called the Society of the Faith of Jesus on 15 August 1797,[2] whose purpose was to continue as the successor of the Society of Jesus, which had been suppressed by the pope.[3] His four confrères elected him as the first superior of the new congregation.[2] In 1798, Paccanari founded a novitiate for the congregation in Spoleto, Umbria.[1]
Paccanari was jailed three times in Castel Sant'Angelo during the short-lived Roman Republic. In 1800, he was ordained a priest.[1] As the congregation grew to more than 100 individuals across Europe, the members became dissatisfied with Paccanari, who they accused of being ambitious and materialistic.[2]
Prison life
editAs internal strife grew, Paccanari was investigated by the Roman Inquisition,[1] which found him guilty and sentenced him to 10 years in prison in August 1808.[2] However, Paccanari was released from prison in 1809 by the French occupiers of Rome. The following year, he again spent time in prison for another offense.[2]
Death
editIt is not certain when or how Paccanari died. In 1811, a decapitated body was found in the Tiber River in Rome, which was identified as his.[4][1]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d e Paccanari, Treccani
- ^ a b c d e f Broderick, J. F. "Paccanarists". New Catholic Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 3 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
- ^ Dudon 1952, p. 340
- ^ "Niccolò Paccanari (1773–1811?)". Bibliothèque nationale de France (in French). Archived from the original on 4 September 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
Sources
edit- Dudon, Paul (November 1952). "The Resurrection of the Society of Jesus" (PDF). Woodstock Letters. 81 (4): 311–360. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021 – via Jesuit Archives.
- "Paccanari, Niccolò". Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (in Italian). Treccani. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
Further reading
edit- Fontana Castelli, Eva (2007). La "Compagnia di Gesù sotto altro nome": Niccolò Paccanari e la Compagnia della fede di Gesù (1797–1814) [The "Society of Jesus Under Another Name": Niccolò Paccanari and the Society of the Faith of Jesus (1797–1814)]. Bibliotheca Instituti Historici Societatis Iesu (in Italian). Vol. 62. Rome: Institutum Historicum Societatis Iesu. ISBN 9788870413625.
