Niobium perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Nb(ClO4)5. It is a hygroscopic, white crystalline solid that readily reacts with moist air or water to produce niobium(V) oxide.[1][2]
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Other names
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3D model (JSmol)
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| Properties | |
| Nb(ClO4)5 | |
| Molar mass | 590.16 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystals |
| Melting point | 70 °C (158 °F; 343 K)[1] (decomposes) |
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Other cations
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Vanadyl perchlorate Tantalum(V) perchlorate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Synthesis and reactions
editNiobium perchlorate is produced from the reaction of niobium pentachloride and anhydrous perchloric acid:[1]
- NbCl5 + 5 HClO4 → Nb(ClO4)5 + 5 HCl
It decomposes at 70 °C (343 K; 158 °F) to niobyl perchlorate, releasing dichlorine heptoxide:[1]
- Nb(ClO4)5 → NbO(ClO4)3 + Cl2O7
Niobyl perchlorate further decomposes at 115 °C (388 K; 239 °F) to NbO2ClO4, which decomposes at 220 °C (493 K; 428 °F) to niobium pentoxide.[1]
Perchloratoniobates, such as Cs[Nb(ClO4)6] and Cs2[Nb(ClO4)7], are produced by the reaction of perchlorate sources, such as cesium perchlorate and niobium perchlorate, in anhydrous perchloric acid at 0 °C (273 K; 32 °F).[1]
Structure
editAlthough the structure of niobium perchlorate has not been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, the structure has been probed by IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. Niobium perchlorate has both monodentate and bidentate perchlorate ligands.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h Babaeva, V. P.; Rosolovskij, V. Ya. (1984). "Anhydrous niobium(V) perchlorate and perchloratoniobates". Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 29 (11): 1566–1568. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ Berg, Rolf W. (1992). "Progress in Niobium and Tantalum coordination chemistry". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 113: 1–130. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(92)80074-2.