Nitratiruptor sp. (strain SB155-2) is a genus of deep sea gram-negative Campylobacterota isolated from Iheya North Hydrothermal field in Okinawa Trough (Japan).[3] This rod-shaped microorganism (0.5 x 1.5 μm) grows chemolithoautotrophically in a wide variety of electron donors and acceptors (i.e. sulfur, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrate) in absence of light and oxygen. It is also a thermophilic group capable of growing within the range of 37–65 °C with the optimal at 55 °C.
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| Genus: | Nitratiruptor[1] Nakagawa et al. 2005[2]
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| Nitratiruptor tergarcus Nakagawa et al. 2005
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Genetic features
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Nitratiruptor sp. genome is composed by a single circular chromosome of 1,877,931 bp with the GC content of 43.8% and 39.7%.[4] Due to the geochemical variability in the deep-sea hydrothermal vents, Nitratiruptor sp. displays a metabolic versatility to adapt to this hostile environments which includes sharp gradients in energy sources, electron acceptors or carbon sources. For instance, due to the metal-rich fluids characterizing this areas, a total of 17 genes related with transports systems and detoxification mechanisms of heavy metals (including As, Cd and Cu) were described. Despite this not being a pathogenic bacterium, it possess some virulence genes (including virulence factor mviN, hemolysin or N-linked glycosylation gene cluster) which provide insights into the origins of virulence in their pathogenic relatives, Helicobacter and Campylobacter species.[5]
Phylogeny
editThe currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[6]
| 16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023[7][8][9] | 120 single copy marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[10][11][12] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Nitratiruptor tergarcus". www.uniprot.org.
- ^ a b A.C. Parte; et al. "Nitratiruptor". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2023-09-09.
- ^ Nakagawa, Satoshi; Takai, Ken; Inagaki, Fumio; Horikoshi, Koki; Sako, Yoshihiko (2005). "Nitratiruptor tergarcus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Nitratifractor salsuginis gen. nov., sp. nov., nitrate-reducing chemolithoautotrophs of the ε-Proteobacteria isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal system in the Mid-Okinawa Trough". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 55 (2): 925–933. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63480-0. PMID 15774687.
- ^ "PATRIC". www.patricbrc.org. Retrieved 2019-06-07.
- ^ Horikoshi, Koki; Takai, Ken; Reysenbach, Anna-Louise; Shimamura, Shigeru; Takaki, Yoshihiro; Nakagawa, Satoshi (2007-07-17). "Deep-sea vent ε-proteobacterial genomes provide insights into emergence of pathogens". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (29): 12146–12150. doi:10.1073/pnas.0700687104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1907315. PMID 17615243.
- ^ Sayers; et al. "Nitratiruptor". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2023-09-09.
- ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "LTP_08_2023 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ^ "bac120_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.