Wikipedia

Wicked (musical)

(Redirected from No one mourns the wicked)
This article is about the musical. For the Broadway cast recording, see Wicked (musical album). For the film adaptation, see Wicked (2024 film) and Wicked Part Two.

Wicked is a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and a book by Winnie Holzman. It is a loose adaptation of the 1995 Gregory Maguire novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, which in turn is based on L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and its 1939 film adaptation. The musical is told from the perspective of two witches, Elphaba and Galinda, before and after Dorothy's arrival in Oz. The story explores the complex friendship between Elphaba (who becomes the Wicked Witch of the West) and Galinda (who becomes Glinda the Good). Their relationship is tested by their contrasting personalities, conflicting viewpoints, shared love interest, reactions to the corrupt rule of the Wonderful Wizard, and ultimately, Elphaba's tragic fall.

Wicked
The Untold Story of the Witches of Oz
Poster shows a stylized drawing of Elphaba's face, partially obscured by a witch's hat covering the eyes.
Official poster of the original San Francisco production
MusicStephen Schwartz
LyricsStephen Schwartz
BookWinnie Holzman
BasisWicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West
by Gregory Maguire
PremiereMay 28, 2003: Curran Theatre, San Francisco
Productions2003 San Francisco (tryout)
2003 Broadway
2005 1st U.S. tour
2006 West End
2009 2nd U.S. tour
2013 1st UK/Ireland tour
2017 2nd UK/Ireland tour
2023 3rd UK/Ireland Tour
Multiple international productions (see below)
AwardsDrama Desk Awards for Outstanding Musical
Outstanding Lyrics
Outstanding Book

Produced by Universal Stage Productions with producers Marc Platt, Jon B. Platt, and David Stone, director Joe Mantello and choreographer Wayne Cilento, the original production of Wicked premiered on Broadway at the Gershwin Theatre in October 2003, after completing pre-Broadway tryouts at San Francisco's Curran Theatre in May and June of that year. Its original stars included Idina Menzel as Elphaba, Kristin Chenoweth as Galinda, Norbert Leo Butz as Fiyero and Joel Grey as the Wizard.[1]

The original Broadway production won a total of three Tony Awards and seven Drama Desk Awards, while its original cast album received a Grammy Award. The success of the Broadway production has spawned many productions worldwide, including a long-running West End production. Wicked has broken box-office records around the world, holding weekly-gross-takings records in Los Angeles, Chicago, St. Louis, and London. In the week ending January 2, 2011, the London, Broadway, and both North American touring productions simultaneously broke their respective records for the highest weekly gross.[2][3] In the final week of 2013, the Broadway production broke this record again, earning $3.2 million.[4] In 2016, Wicked surpassed $1 billion in total Broadway revenue, joining The Phantom of the Opera and The Lion King as the only Broadway shows to do so. In 2017, Wicked surpassed The Phantom of the Opera as Broadway's second-highest grossing musical, trailing only The Lion King.[5]

A two-part film adaptation was directed by Jon M. Chu and starred Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba, Ariana Grande as Galinda, and Jonathan Bailey as Fiyero. The first part was released on November 22, 2024 and was a critical and commercial success.[6] The second part will premiere on November 21, 2025.

Inception and development

edit
 
Wicked composer and lyricist Stephen Schwartz

Composer and lyricist Stephen Schwartz discovered Gregory Maguire's 1995 novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West while on vacation and saw its potential for a dramatic adaptation.[7] However, Maguire had released the rights to Universal Pictures, which had planned to develop a live-action feature film.[8] In 1998, Schwartz persuaded Maguire to release the rights to a stage production[9] while also making what Schwartz himself called an "impassioned plea" to Universal producer Marc Platt to realize Schwartz's own intended adaptation. Persuaded, Platt signed on as joint producer of the project with Universal and David Stone.[8]

The novel, described as a political, social, and ethical commentary on the nature of good and evil, takes place in the Land of Oz, in the years surrounding Dorothy's arrival. The story centers on Elphaba, a misunderstood, smart, and fiery girl with emerald-green skin, who grows up to become the Wicked Witch of the West and Galinda, the beautiful, blonde, popular girl who grows up to become Glinda the Good. The story is divided into five scenes, based on the locations where Elphaba lives during her life; it presents events, characters, and situations adapted from L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) and its 1939 film adaptation. The novel treats some serious and dark adult themes, including sexual assault, political unrest, infidelity, racism and the role of religion in society.[10] It is designed to set the reader thinking about what it really is to be "Wicked", and whether good intentions with bad results are the same as bad intentions with bad results. Schwartz considered how best to condense the novel's dense and complicated plot into a sensible script.[9] To this end, he collaborated with writer Winnie Holzman to develop the outline of the plot over the course of a year,[11] while meeting with producer Marc Platt to refine the structural outline of the show, creating an original stage piece rather than a strict adaptation of Maguire's work.[9]

 
 
 
The original Broadway cast includes (L:R) Idina Menzel as Elphaba, Kristin Chenoweth as Galinda, and Norbert Leo Butz as Fiyero.

While the draft followed Maguire's idea of retelling the story of the 1939 film from the perspective of its main villain, the storyline of the stage adaptation "goes far afield" from the novel. Holzman observed in an interview with Playbill that: "It was [Maguire's] brilliant idea to take this hated figure and tell things from her point of view, and to have the two witches be roommates in college, but the way in which their friendship develops—and really the whole plot—is different onstage."[12] Schwartz justified the deviation, saying: "Primarily we were interested in the relationship between Galinda—who becomes Glinda—and Elphaba... the friendship of these two women and how their characters lead them to completely different destinies."[13] Other major plot modifications include Fiyero's appearance as the scarecrow, Elphaba's survival at the end, Nessarose using a wheelchair instead of being born without arms, Boq having a continuing love interest for Glinda and eventually becoming the Tin Woodman instead of Nick Chopper, cutting Elphaba's years in the Vinkus, the deletion of Liir's birth, Fiyero not having a wife and children, Doctor Dillamond being fired instead of being murdered, and Madame Morrible going to prison instead of dying.[14]

 
The Curran Theatre in San Francisco, where Wicked made its debut

The book, lyrics, and score for the musical were developed through a series of readings.[9] In these developmental workshops, Kristin Chenoweth, the actress whom Schwartz had in mind while composing the music for the character,[15] joined the project as Glinda. Stephanie J. Block played Elphaba in the workshops (she played Elphaba in the first national tour and later as a Broadway cast replacement) before Idina Menzel was cast in the role in late 2002. Earlier that year, the creators recruited New York producer Stone, who began planning the Broadway production. Joe Mantello was engaged as director and Wayne Cilento as choreographer, while designer Eugene Lee created the set and visual style for the production inspired by W. W. Denslow's original illustrations for Baum's novels and Maguire's concept of the story being told through a giant clock.[15] Costume designer Susan Hilferty created a "twisted Edwardian" style in building more than 200 costumes, while lighting designer Kenneth Posner used more than 800 lights to give each of the 54 distinct scenes and locations "its own mood".[15] By April 2003, the show was in rehearsals.[15]

Following the out-of-town tryout in San Francisco in May and June 2003, which received mixed critical reception, the creative team made extensive changes before its transfer to Broadway.[15] Holzman recalled:

Stephen [Schwartz] wisely had insisted on having three months to rewrite in-between the time we closed in San Francisco and when we were to go back into rehearsals in New York. That was crucial; that was the thing that made the biggest difference in the life of the show. That time is what made the show work.[16]

Elements of the book were rewritten, while several songs underwent minor changes.[15] "Which Way is the Party?", the introductory song to the character Fiyero, was replaced by "Dancing Through Life".[17] Concern existed that Menzel's Elphaba "got a little overshadowed" by Chenoweth's Glinda,[18] with San Francisco Chronicle critic Robert Hurwitt writing, "Menzel's brightly intense Elphaba the Wicked Witch [needs] a chance of holding her own alongside Chenoweth's gloriously, insidiously bubbly Glinda."[19] As a result, the creative team set about making Elphaba "more prominent".[18] In making the Broadway revisions, Schwartz recalled, "It was clear there was work to be done and revisions to be made in the book and the score. The critical community was, frankly, very helpful to us."[18]

Synopsis

edit

Act One

edit

The citizens of the Land of Oz are celebrating the death of the Wicked Witch of the West. Glinda the Good appears and reminisces about their past, beginning with the troubled childhood of the Witch (born Elphaba Thropp) after her mother had an affair and her father, Governor of Munchkinland, disowned her when she was born with bright green skin (”No One Mourns the Wicked”).

 
Fabi Bang making Glinda's Act One entrance in the original Brazilian production

Flashing back many years earlier, Elphaba arrives at Shiz University with her younger paraplegic sister Nessarose, where she is ostracized for her green skin and sardonic personality. The school’s headmistress, Madame Morrible, assigns Elphaba to room with the popular Galinda Upland. Recognizing Elphaba’s magical potential, Morrible decides to privately tutor Elphaba in sorcery (”The Wizard and I”) making Galinda intensely jealous and the two girls come to loathe each other (”What is this Feeling?”). Meanwhile Dr. Dillamond, the only animal professor at Shiz, informs Elphaba of a conspiracy to stop all animals from speaking (”Something Bad”).

A roguish prince, Fiyero, begins attending Shiz and arranges a party for his fellow students. Galinda becomes immediately enamored with him, and convinces her admirer, the Munchkin Boq, to take Nessarose to the party instead so that she can go with Fiyero. At Nessarose's urging, Elphaba asks Morrible to begin teaching Galinda sorcery. When Elphaba is mocked at the party for wearing an ugly hat Galinda gave her as a practical joke, Galinda has a change of heart and decides to dance with Elphaba (”Dancing Through Life”). In their room, the girls finally bond (”Popular”). The next day, Dillamond tells the class he is no longer permitted to teach. His human replacement introduces “the cage” which is designed to stop animals from speaking. Elphaba, furious, frees the lion cub imprisoned within it and escapes with Fiyero. They share a private moment, but Elphaba laments that Fiyero could never love her (”I’m Not That Girl”).

Morrible tells Elphaba that the Wizard of Oz wants to meet her, and she goes with Galinda, who renames herself Glinda in solidarity with Dillamond, to the Emerald City (”One Short Day”). The two meet the Wizard and are surprised to discover his mortal nature (”A Sentimental Man”). Morrible appears and announces she is the Wizard's new press secretary. After being tricked into enchanting the Wizard's monkey servants to painfully sprout wings, Elphaba deduces that the Wizard is behind the suppression of animals and that he is a fraud who uses parlor tricks and lies to stay in power. Elphaba flees his chambers, and while Glinda begs her to apologize, Elphaba refuses and declares that she must do what is right. An empathetic Glinda declines to leave with her, and the two friends bid farewell before Elphaba enchants a broom to fly away from the Emerald City (”Defying Gravity”).

Act Two

edit

Sometime later, Elphaba’s opposition to the Wizard’s regime has earned her the title “The Wicked Witch of the West,” while Glinda has been positioned by Madame Morrible as his lead spokesperson. Fiyero becomes Captain of the Wizard’s Guard (a position he hopes to use to find Elphaba) but is angered when Morrible announces he is engaged to Glinda without his knowledge (”Thank Goodness”).

 
Myra Ruiz as Elphaba in the original Brazilian production

Elphaba visits Nessarose, now the governor of Munchkinland following their father's death. Nessarose has taken away the Munchkin’s few rights to prevent Boq from leaving her. Feeling guilty, Elphaba enchants Nessa’s silver shoes to give her the ability to walk. Boq takes this as proof that Nessarose no longer needs him and attempts to leave, infuriating Nessarose, who attempts to cast a love spell on him but pronounces the incantation wrong and shrinks his heart instead. Elphaba tries to save him but can only transform him into a tin man who does not need a heart to live (”The Wicked Witch of the East”). Boq flees, and Nessarose blames Elphaba.

Elphaba returns to the Emerald City to free the Wizard’s monkey servants, but she is discovered by him. He once again tries to convince Elphaba to work with him, explaining he is an ordinary man who became revered by the citizens of Oz (”Wonderful”) and voluntarily frees the monkeys. Elphaba is won over until she discovers Dillamond, who has lost the ability to speak, and vows to fight the Wizard. Fiyero helps Elphaba escape and decides to go with her, leaving Glinda heartbroken. She privately laments that Fiyero always loved Elphaba (”I’m Not That Girl (Reprise)”).

Hidden in the forest, Elphaba and Fiyero confess their love for each other (”As Long As You’re Mine”) when Elphaba senses Nessarose is in danger. Her premonition is correct: a house has fallen out of the sky and crushed her sister to death. Elphaba is disraught and furious that Glinda has given Nessarose’s enchanted shoes to the house’s occupant, Dorothy Gale, and the two get into a physical fight that is eventually broken up by the Wizard's guards. Fiyero arrives and allows Elphaba to escape but gets captured. At Kiamo Ko castle, Elphaba casts a spell to try to make Fiyero invincible to any weapon, but presuming him dead, she laments that she will never be seen as good and finally accepts her role as a Wicked Witch (”No Good Deed”). The Citizens of Oz set off to capture Elphaba (”March of the Witch Hunters”). Glinda realizes that Morrible summoned the tornado that killed Nessarose, but Morrible threatens her. Meanwhile, Elphaba has captured Dorothy to try to obtain Nessarose’s shoes. Glinda arrives to warn Elphaba of the danger she is in, and Elphaba softens when she receives a letter from a monkey servant. Elphaba accepts that she must surrender and the two friends embrace for the last time before sharing a tearful goodbye (”For Good”). Glinda watches from the shadows as Dorothy throws a bucket of water on Elphaba, melting her and leaving only her hat and a bottle of Green Elixir that had belonged to her mother.

Glinda confronts the Wizard with the elixir, which he recognizes as his own: he was the man Elphaba’s mother had an affair with, thus her biological father, and the elixir was the cause of her green skin. Glinda banishes the Wizard from Oz and arrests Morrible. Meanwhile, Fiyero (now a Scarecrow as the result of Elphaba’s spell) arrives at Kiamo Ko Castle, where Elphaba emerges from a trap door, having faked her death. The couple depart Oz together, as Glinda informs everyone that the Wicked Witch is dead before reluctantly joining Oz in celebrating (”Finale”).

Casts

edit

Original casts

edit
Character San Francisco[20] Broadway[21] First US Tour[22] Chicago[23] West End[24] Los Angeles[25] Melbourne[26] First UK/Ireland Tour[27] International Tour[28]
2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2013 2016
Elphaba Idina Menzel Stephanie J. Block Ana Gasteyer Idina Menzel Eden Espinosa Amanda Harrison Nikki Davis-Jones Jacqueline Hughes
Glinda Kristin Chenoweth Kendra Kassebaum Kate Reinders Helen Dallimore Megan Hilty Lucy Durack Emily Tierney Carly Anderson
Fiyero Norbert Leo Butz Derrick Williams Kristoffer Cusick Adam Garcia Kristoffer Cusick Rob Mills Liam Doyle Bradley Jaden
Madame Morrible Carole Shelley Carol Kane Rondi Reed Miriam Margolyes Carol Kane Maggie Kirkpatrick Marilyn Cutts Kim Ismay
Nessarose Michelle Federer Jenna Leigh Green Heidi Kettenring Katie Rowley Jones Jenna Leigh Green Penny McNamee Carina Gillespie Emily Shaw
Boq Kirk McDonald Christopher Fitzgerald Logan Lipton Telly Leung James Gillan Adam Wylie Anthony Callea George Ure Iddon Jones
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz Robert Morse Joel Grey David Garrison Gene Weygandt Nigel Planer John Rubinstein Rob Guest Dale Rapley Steven Pinder
Doctor Dillamond John Horton William Youmans Timothy Britten Parker Steven Skybell Martin Ball Timothy Britten Parker Rodney Dobson

Notable replacements

edit

Broadway (2003–present)

edit

1st US National Tour (2005–2009)

edit

West End (2006–present)

edit

Melbourne/Australian tour (2008–2015)

edit

1st UK/Ireland tour (2013–2015)

edit

Musical numbers

edit
"No One Mourns the Wicked" redirects here. For the TV episode, see list of Rizzoli & Isles episodes#Season 4 (2013–14).

Music and recordings

edit

Music analysis

edit
 
The Wicked opening
The first 15 bars of the opening; note the identical chord progression to "As Long As You're Mine"
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The score of Wicked is heavily thematic, bearing in some senses more resemblance to an opera than a traditional musical score. While many musical scores employ new motifs and melodies for each song with little overlap, Schwartz integrated a handful of leitmotifs throughout the production. Some of these motifs indicate irony—for example, when Glinda presents Elphaba with a "ghastly" hat in "Dancing Through Life", the score reprises a theme from "What Is This Feeling?" a few scenes earlier.[29]

Two musical themes in Wicked run throughout the score. Although Schwartz rarely reuses motifs or melodies from earlier works, the first—Elphaba's theme—came from The Survival of St. Joan, on which he worked as musical director. "I always liked this tune a lot and I never could figure out what to do with it," he remarked in an interview in 2004. The chord progression that he first penned in 1971 became a major theme of the show's orchestration. By changing the instruments that carry the motif in each instance, Schwartz enables the same melody to convey different moods. In the overture, the tune is carried by the orchestra's brass section, with heavy percussion. The result is, in Schwartz' own words, "like a giant shadow terrorizing you." When played by the piano with some electric bass in "As Long As You're Mine", however, the same chord progression becomes the basis for a romantic duet. And with new lyrics and an altered bridge, the theme forms the core of the song "No One Mourns the Wicked" and its reprises.[29]

Schwartz uses the "Unlimited" theme as the second major motif running through the score. Although not included as a titled song, the theme appears as an interlude in several of the musical numbers. In a tribute to Harold Arlen, who wrote the score for the 1939 film adaptation, the "Unlimited" melody incorporates the first seven notes of the song "Over the Rainbow." Schwartz included it as an inside joke:

According to copyright law, when you get to the eighth note, then people can come and say, 'Oh you stole our tune.' And of course obviously it's also disguised in that it's completely different rhythmically. And it's also harmonized completely differently.... It's over a different chord and so on, but still it's the first seven notes of 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow'.[29]

Schwartz further obscured the motif's origin by setting it in a minor key in most instances. This also creates contrast in the songs in which it forms a part, for example in "Defying Gravity", which is written primarily in the key of D-flat major.[30] In the song "The Wicked Witch of the East", however, when Elphaba finally uses her powers to let her sister walk, the "Unlimited" theme is played in a major key.[29]

Recordings

edit
See also: Wicked (musical album)

A cast recording of the original Broadway production was released on December 16, 2003, by Universal Music. All of the songs featured on stage are present on the recording with the exception of "The Wizard and I (Reprise)", "A Sentimental Man (Reprise)" and "The Wicked Witch of the East". The short reprise of "No One Mourns the Wicked" that opens Act II is attached to the beginning of "Thank Goodness".[31] The music was arranged by Stephen Oremus, who was also the conductor and musical director, and James Lynn Abbott, with orchestrations by William David Brohn.[31] The recording received the Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album in 2005[32] and was certified platinum by the RIAA on November 30, 2006.[33] The album was certified double platinum on November 8, 2010.[34] A fifth-anniversary special edition of the original Broadway cast recording was released on October 28, 2008, with a bonus CD including tracks from the Japanese and German cast recordings, "Making Good"—a song later replaced by "The Wizard and I"—sung by Stephanie J. Block with Schwartz at the piano, "I'm Not That Girl" by Kerry Ellis (featuring Brian May on guitar), Menzel's dance mix of "Defying Gravity" and "For Good" sung by LeAnn Rimes and Delta Goodrem.[35]

A German recording of the Stuttgart production was released on December 7, 2007, featuring a track listing and arrangements identical to those of the Broadway recording.[36] The Japanese cast recording was released on July 23, 2008, featuring the original Tokyo cast. It is notable for being the first (and so far the only) Cast Album of the show that includes Glinda's Finale dialogue.[37]

Productions

edit

Original Broadway production (2003–present)

edit
 
The original Broadway production has been at the Gershwin Theatre since its opening in 2003.

Wicked officially opened on June 10, 2003, at the Curran Theatre in San Francisco, after previews began on May 28.[38] The cast included Kristin Chenoweth as Glinda, Idina Menzel as Elphaba, Robert Morse as the Wizard, Norbert Leo Butz as Fiyero, Michelle Federer as Nessarose, Carole Shelley as Madame Morrible, John Horton as Doctor Dillamond, and Kirk McDonald as Boq.[15][20] Stephanie J. Block, who originally read the role of Elphaba during the show's workshop stage, was Menzel's standby during tryouts, but left before the show moved to Broadway. She would then lead the 1st National Tour opposite Kendra Kassebaum as Glinda.[39] The tryout closed on June 29, 2003, and after extensive retooling,[15] the musical began previews on Broadway at the Gershwin Theatre on October 8, 2003, and made its official premiere on October 30. Most of the original production team and cast members remained with the show. Principal casting changes included Joel Grey as the Wizard, William Youmans as Doctor Dillamond and Christopher Fitzgerald as Boq.[40]

On March 12, 2020, the show temporarily suspended production due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[41] Performances resumed on September 14, 2021, with Lindsay Pearce as Elphaba and Ginna Claire Mason as Glinda. Chenoweth made a pre-curtain speech before the grand reopening of the show.[42][43][44]

North American productions (2005–present)

edit

On 31 March 2005, the first national tour of Wicked (called the "Emerald City Tour" by the producers)[45] started in Toronto, Ontario, and went on to visit numerous cities throughout the United States and Canada.[15] The original touring cast included Kendra Kassebaum as Glinda, Stephanie J. Block as Elphaba, Derrick Williams as Fiyero, Jenna Leigh Green as Nessarose, Carol Kane as Madame Morrible, Timothy Britten Parker as Doctor Dillamond, Logan Lipton as Boq, and David Garrison as the Wizard. The tour concluded at the Pantages Theatre in Los Angeles on March 15, 2015 after 4,160 performances, with Jennifer DiNoia as Elphaba and Chandra Lee Schwartz as Glinda.[45]

 
A sit-down production of Wicked ran at the Orpheum Theatre in San Francisco, California for more than a year.

Following a limited engagement of the first national tour from April 29 to June 2005, a sit-down production of Wicked opened at the Oriental Theatre in Chicago immediately following the tour, using the original set of the tour.[46] The cast included Ana Gasteyer as Elphaba, Kate Reinders as Glinda, Rondi Reed as Madame Morrible, Kristoffer Cusick as Fiyero, Telly Leung as Boq, Heidi Kettenring as Nessarose and Gene Weygandt as the Wizard.[23] The production closed on January 25, 2009 after 1,500 performances with Dee Roscioli as Elphaba and Annaleigh Ashford as Glinda.[47]

An open-ended production also appeared in Los Angeles, California, at the Pantages Theatre. Performances began on February 10, 2007, with an official opening on February 21. The cast included Megan Hilty as Glinda, Eden Espinosa as Elphaba, Carol Kane as Madame Morrible, Timothy Britten Parker as Doctor Dillamond, Jenna Leigh Green as Nessarose, Adam Wylie as Boq, Kristoffer Cusick as Fiyero, and John Rubinstein as the Wizard.[48] The show closed on January 11, 2009 with the same leads, after 791 performances and 12 previews.[49]

A San Francisco production of Wicked officially opened February 6, 2009, at SHN's Orpheum Theatre.[50] The cast included Teal Wicks as Elphaba, Kendra Kassebaum as Glinda, Nicolas Dromard as Fiyero, Carol Kane as Madame Morrible, David Garrison as the Wizard, Deedee Magno Hall as Nessarose, Tom Flynn as Doctor Dillamond, and Eddy Rioseco as Boq.[51][52] The production closed on September 5, 2010, with Marcie Dodd as Elphaba and Alli Mauzey as Glinda, after 660 performances and 12 previews.[53]

The second national tour of Wicked (called the "Munchkinland Tour")[45] began on 12 March 2009 at the Barbara B. Mann Performing Arts Hall in Fort Myers, Florida.[54] The original cast starred Marcie Dodd as Elphaba, Heléne Yorke as Glinda, Colin Donnell as Fiyero, and Tom McGowan as the Wizard.[55] The production was suspended in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic[56] and resumed performances on August 3, 2021, with Talia Suskauer as Elphaba, Allison Bailey as Glinda and Curt Hanson as Fiyero.[57] The production celebrated its 5,000th performance on July 30, 2022.[58]

London (2006–present)

edit
 
Since its opening, the London production has played at the Apollo Victoria Theatre

The original West End (London) production began previews at the Apollo Victoria Theatre on September 7, 2006, with an opening night on September 27.[59] The show celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2016 with a special curtain call featuring former West End cast members.[60] The British production was tailored slightly for a British audience, including minor creative changes to dialogue, choreography and special effects. A majority of them were later incorporated into all productions of Wicked, including the Broadway production and the two US national tours.[61]

The London production reunited the show's original creative team. Original London cast members included the return of Idina Menzel as Elphaba,[62] Helen Dallimore as Glinda, Miriam Margolyes as Madame Morrible, Adam Garcia as Fiyero, Martin Ball as Doctor Dillamond, James Gillan as Boq, Katie Rowley Jones as Nessarose and Nigel Planer as the Wizard.[24] After her limited engagement, which ended on December 30, 2006, Menzel was succeeded on January 1, 2007 by Kerry Ellis, who became the first British actress to play Elphaba.[63]

The production suspended performances on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[64] It resumed performances on September 15, 2021, in time for the production's 15th anniversary.[65] Sophie Evans reopened the show in the role of Glinda and left when the cast changed on January 30, 2022.[66][67] Helen Woolf returned from maternity leave then and Lucie Jones took over as Elphaba.[68]

The musical became the 10th longest-running show in West End history during its 6,762nd performance on April 24, 2024.[69]

UK/Ireland tours (2013–present)

edit

Wicked began its first UK/Ireland tour on September 12, 2013, at the Palace Theatre in Manchester. It then toured the UK and Ireland before concluding the run in Salford on July 25, 2015.[27]

A second UK/Ireland tour began in December 2017, opening at the Theater 11 in Zurich, then making it first official UK/Ireland Tour stop in January 2018 at the Bristol Hippodrome. The tour ended at the Palace Theatre in Manchester in January 2019.[70] The cast included Amy Ross as Elphaba, Helen Woolf as Glinda, Aaron Sidwell as Fiyero, and Steven Pinder as the Wizard/Doctor Dillamond.[71]

A third UK/Ireland tour began on 7 December 2023 at the Edinburgh Playhouse, in Edinburgh where it played to 14 January 2024. It then toured the UK and Ireland before ending its run at the Palace Theatre in Manchester in January 2025. Laura Pick returned to lead the tour as Elphaba with Sarah O'Connor as Glinda and Carl Man as Fiyero. Simeon Truby played the Wizard/Dillamond with Donna Berlin as Madame Morrible, Jed Berry as Boq and Megan Gardiner as Nessarose.[72]

Mexican production (2013–2015)

edit

In 2013, for Wicked 10th anniversary, the first Spanish adaptation of the show was announced to open in Mexico City,[73] with book and lyrics fully translated by Marco Villafán, titled Wicked, la historia jamas contada de las brujas de Oz. Ana Cecilia Anzaldúa and Danna Paola were alternating in the role of Elphaba with Cecilia de la Cueva as Glinda.[74] Danna Paola made her stage debut becoming the youngest actress to ever portray Elphaba, at just 18 years old.[75] The show was produced by OCESA Teatro, and opened on 17 October 2013 at the Teatro Telcel, closing in January 2015.[76]

In late August 2024, with the release of the new Wicked movie, it was announced that Danna Paola and Cecilia de la Cueva will dub the voices and singing of Elphaba and Glinda respectively, in Spanish, reprising the roles they both played on stage in 2013.[77]

German productions (2007–2011; 2021–2022)

edit

Renamed Wicked: Die Hexen von Oz (Wicked: The Witches of Oz), the German production of Wicked began previews on November 1, 2007, and opened on November 15, at the Palladium Theater in Stuttgart. Willemijn Verkaik played Elphaba and Lucy Scherer Glinda. The show was produced by Stage Entertainment and closed on January 29, 2010, transferring to Oberhausen[78] where previews began at the Metronom Theater on March 5, 2010, with an opening night of March 8.[79] The show closed on September 2, 2011.[citation needed]

On September 5, 2021, a brand new production of Wicked opened at the Neue Flora Theatre in Hamburg, produced by Stage Entertainment again, which previously had presented the show in Stuttgart, Oberhausen, and The Hague.[80] Vajèn van den Bosch and Jeannine Wacker were cast as Elphaba and Glinda respectively.[81]

Australian and New Zealand productions

edit
 
 
Australian productions have played at the Regent Theatre, Melbourne (left) and the Capitol Theatre, Sydney (right)

An Australian production of the show officially opened on July 12, 2008, with previews commencing June 27 at the Regent Theatre in Melbourne.[82]

Amanda Harrison was originally cast as Elphaba, with Lucy Durack as Glinda. The original cast consisted of Rob Mills as Fiyero, Anthony Callea as Boq, Rob Guest as the Wizard, Maggie Kirkpatrick as Madame Morrible, Penny McNamee as Nessarose and Rodney Dobson as Doctor Dillamond.[83] Guest unexpectedly died of a stroke months into the Melbourne season, with the role being taken up by Bert Newton.[84]

Closing in Melbourne August 9, 2009, the show transferred to Sydney's Capitol Theatre. Previews began on September 5, 2009, with the official opening on September 12. Shortly into the run, Harrison was forced to leave the role of Elphaba due to an illness, so current standby Jemma Rix and Australian theatre veteran Pippa Grandison began to share the role, each appearing in four shows per week.[85] Eventually, it was confirmed that Harrison would not be returning to the cast.[86]

Closing in Sydney September 26, 2010, the production then embarked on a national Australian tour starting at the QPAC Lyric Theatre in Brisbane. After a two-week delay due to the Queensland floods, performances began January 25, 2011, and ran until April 2. Rix became the sole lead Elphaba[87] with David Harris joining as the new Fiyero.[88] The touring production then moved to the Festival Centre in Adelaide, running from April 14 until June 4, 2011, with the final leg of the tour playing the Burswood Theatre in Perth, from June 19 to September 11, 2011, after three years of performances in Australia.[89]

The show made its premiere in New Zealand in 2013, with previews taking place on September 17, and official opening night on September 21. The Auckland run concluded on November 24, 2013, where it played the Civic Theatre.[90] The cast then moved on to the Main Theater of the Cultural Center of the Philippines in Manila on a limited run from January 22[91] through March 9, 2014 after having been extended from its original closing date.[92]

At the time of the Wicked's 10th Anniversary on Broadway (2013), the show announced it would return to Australia for a commemorative national tour, beginning in Melbourne on May 10, 2014.[93] Durack returned as Glinda, and Rix as Elphaba.[94] The final cast included Mathers (who had returned once Durack announced her pregnancy)[95][96] as Glinda, Rix as Elphaba, Steve Danielsen as Fiyero, Simon Gallaher as the Wizard, Edward Grey as Boq, Emily Cascarino as Nessarose, Glen Hogstrom as Doctor Dillamond and original cast member Maggie Kirkpatrick as Madame Morrible. After seven years and close to 2,000 performances across 8 different cities internationally, Wicked closed indefinitely at the Burswood Theatre in Perth on June 28, 2015.[97]

In 2023, in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the original Broadway production the show returned to Australia once again, to the Sydney Lyric Theatre where it opened on September 7. The cast included Sheridan Adams as Elphaba, Courtney Monsma as Glinda, Robyn Nevin as Madame Morrible, Todd McKenney as the Wizard, Liam Head as Fiyero, Adam Murphy as Dr. Dillamond, Shewit Belay as Nessarose, and Kurtis Papadinis as Boq.[98] In October 2023, it was announced that the production would return to the Regent Theatre in Melbourne opening on March 7.[99] In March 2024, the production announced that they would then be transferring to the QPAC Lyric Theatre in Brisbane in September 2024 and in May 2024, they confirmed that it would tour to the Crown Theatre in Perth from December 2024.[100][101] In August 2024, it was announced that following the conclusion of the Australian tour in late January 2025, the production will transfer to Singapore at the Sands Theatre in Marina Bay opening from March 19, 2025.[102]

International tour (2016–2018)

edit

Wicked's international tour opened on July 13, 2016, at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford, England. Jacqueline Hughes starred as Elphaba, with Carly Anderson as Glinda and Bradley Jaden as Fiyero. Alongside them Steven Pinder as the Wizard and Doctor Dillamond and Kim Ismay as Madame Morrible.[28] Bradford was the only UK stop of the tour, which then performed in Singapore and in other cities worldwide.[103] Jodie Steele was standby for Elphaba in this production.[104]

Other international productions

edit

A full Japanese production of Wicked by the Shiki Theatre Company opened in Tokyo, Japan, on June 17, 2007, and subsequently moved to Osaka, Fukoka and Nagoya, before closing in Sapporo on November 6, 2016.[105][106][107] To celebrate their 70th anniversary, the company produced a Japanese revival of the show from October 2023 to January 2024.[108] An Asian tour began at Singapore's Grand Theater on December 6, 2011, with Australian actresses Suzie Mathers as Glinda and Jemma Rix as Elphaba.[109][110][111] It closed on October 6, 2012.[citation needed]

 
Renault Theater, stage of the Brazilian version of Wicked in São Paulo

A Dutch-language production began previews at the Circustheater in The Hague on October 26, 2011, and was produced by Joop van den Ende Theaterproducties/Stage Entertainment. Official opening took place on November 6. Willemijn Verkaik reprised her role of Elphaba from the German productions, becoming the first actress to play the role in two different languages.[112] The first Korean-language production began performances in Seoul on November 22, 2013. It ran at the Charlotte Theater until October 5, 2014.[113] In November 2015, the company "Time For Fun", a leading company in the entertainment market in Latin America, announced the first Portuguese adaptation of the musical to open in Brazil.[114] The show debuted in March 2016 at the Renault Theatre in São Paulo and is performed on the largest stage that the musical has been mounted on yet.[115] The production closed on December 18, 2016.[citation needed]

At the end of 2020, while all Wicked productions worldwide were halted due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, a third Korean production of the show was announced on November 14. The show started previews in Seoul's Blue Square Theater three months later on February 12, 2021, and was the first Wicked performance worldwide after the COVID-19 shutdown. The production opened on February 16, 2021, and played until May 2, 2021. It then transferred to Busan's Dream Theater, where it ran from May 20, 2021, until its closing date on June 27, 2021.[116]

Two days ahead of the release of the movie adaptation, a Norwegian production was announced, set to premiere in March 2025.[117]

Non-replica productions

edit

A condensed thirty-minute version of Wicked played at Universal Studios Japan in Osaka, Japan in 2006. Australian actress Jemma Rix was once again part of the original cast of the show, alternating the role of Elphaba with Jillian Giaachi and Taylor Jordan. The show opened on July 12, 2006, and featured the preliminary storyline of Act 1 but the characters of Fiyero, Madame Morrible, Boq, Nessarose and Doctor Dillamond were absent, with considerable changes in the show's sets and costumes.[118] It closed on January 11, 2011.[citation needed]

Another new staging opened at the City Theatre in Helsinki, Finland, on August 26, 2010. Directed by Hans Berndtsson and choreographed by Rebecca Evanne, the cast included Maria Ylipää as Elphaba and Anna-Maija Tuokko as Glinda.[119]

The second European production ran in Copenhagen, Denmark from January 12 until May 29, 2011, and was presented by Det Ny Teater. It starred Maria Lucia Heiberg Rosenberg as Elphaba and Annette Heick as Glinda.[120][121]

A revival in Brazil had a limited run, starting March 9, 2023, at the Santander Theater, in São Paulo, produced by Atelier de Cultura. Lead actresses from the 2016 run Myra Ruiz and Fabi Bang reprised their roles as Elphaba and Glinda, respectively. Their co-stars included Tiago Barbosa as Fiyero, Marcelo Médici as The Wizard, Diva Menner as Madame Morrible, Cleto Baccic as Doctor Dillamond, Nayara Venancio as Nessarose and Dante Paccola as Boq.[122] Ruiz and Bang voiced Elphaba and Glinda in the dubbing for the 2024 film adaptation of the show.[123]

A Swedish production premiered on September 16, 2023, at the Gothenburg opera house, starring Anna Salonen as Glinda and Feline Andersson [sv] as Elphaba; the production is directed by Samuel Harjanne with translations done by Calle Norlén [sv].[124]

A new Danish production starred Johanne Milland as Glinda and Nanna Rossen as Elphaba. It opened September 16, 2024 at Fredericia Musicalteater. The production transferred to the Tivoli Concert Hall from October 11 until 19 before returning to Fredericia Musicalteater for the remainder of its run. The production also starred Diluckshan Jeyaratnam as Fiyero, Anders Gjellerup Koch as The Wizard, Cecilie Thiim as Madame Morrible, Christian Lund as Dr. Dillamond, Marie Louise Hansen as Nessarose, and Jens Kau Wahlers Nielsen as Boq.[125][126]

A Polish production is set to open at ROMA Musical Theatre in Warsaw in the spring of 2025. It will be directed by Wojciech Kępczyński and translated by Michał Wojnarowski.[127][128]

A Spanish-language production is set to open at the Nuevo Teatro Alcalá in Madrid, Spain, on October 3, 2025.[129]

Reception

edit

Awards and nominations

edit
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Wicked (musical)
 
Eugene Lee's Tony Award winning set design for Wicked at the Sydney Lyric

The original Broadway production of Wicked was nominated for ten Tony Awards in 2004, including Best Musical, Book, Orchestrations, Original Score, Choreography, Costume Design, Lighting Design, Scenic Design while receiving two nominations for Best Actress – for Menzel and Chenoweth.[130] Menzel won the Best Actress award, and the show also won the Award for Best Scenic Design and Best Costume Design, notably losing Best Book, Original Score and ultimately Best Musical to Avenue Q.[131] The same year, the show also won 6 Drama Desk Awards out of 11 nominations, including Outstanding Musical, Book, Director, and Costume Design.[132][133]

Subsequent productions have received awards and nominations as well. The West End production received five Laurence Olivier Award nominations, including Best Director, Best Set Design and Best Costume Design[134] and later won the Audience Award for Most Popular Show at the 2010 and 2015 Olivier Awards.[135] The original Australian production received six Helpmann Awards out of 12 nominations, including Best Musical. Wicked was named the Best Musical of the Decade by Entertainment Weekly magazine and hailed "a cultural phenomenon" by Variety magazine.[136] While not technically an "award", the character of Elphaba was named 79th on Entertainment Weekly's list of The 100 Greatest Characters of the Past 20 Years.[137]

Critical reception

edit
 
Touring cast members in the curtain call at a show in Omaha, Nebraska

In its out-of-town tryout in San Francisco, audience reaction was generally positive, and although critics tended to compliment the aesthetic and spectacle of the show, they disparaged the book, score, and choreography.[138] Dennis Harvey of Variety praised the production as "sleekly directed", "snazzily designed", and "smartly cast", but disliked its "mediocre" book, "trite" lyrics, and "largely generic" music.[139] Karen D'Souza of the San Jose Mercury News wrote that "style over substance is the real theme in this Emerald City".[138]

The Broadway production opened on October 30, 2003, to mixed reviews.[140][141][142][143] However, Chenoweth and Menzel received acclaim for their performances.[143] Richard Zoglin of Time wrote: "If every musical had a brain, a heart and the courage of Wicked, Broadway really would be a magical place."[144] Elysa Gardner of USA Today described it as "the most complete, and completely satisfying, new musical I've come across in a long time".[145] Conversely, Ben Brantley in the New York Times loved the production but panned the show itself, calling it a "sermon" that "so overplays its hand that it seriously dilutes its power", with a "generic" score. He noted that Glinda is such a showy role that the audience ends up rooting for her rather than the "surprisingly colorless" Elphaba, who is "nominally" the hero.[146] Despite these mixed reviews, interest in Wicked spread quickly by word-of-mouth, leading to record-breaking success at the box office. Speaking to The Arizona Republic in 2006, Schwartz said, "What can I say? Reviews are reviews.... I know we divided the critics. We didn't divide the audience, and that's what counts."[145][147]

The West End production opened to a slightly more upbeat response. The majority of critics have appreciated the spectacle of the lavish production, and the "powerhouse" performances of actors in the roles of the two witches. However, contemporaries have characterized the production as overblown, occasionally preachy, and suffering from more hype than heart. Although Charles Spencer of The Daily Telegraph described it as "at times... a bit of a mess," he praised Holzman's script, described Kenneth Posner's lighting design as "magical" and lauded Menzel's Elphaba and Helen Dallimore's Glinda.[148] Michael Billington of The Guardian gave it three out of five stars and remarked on the competence of all the lead actors; however, he complained that Wicked was "all too typical of the modern Broadway musical: efficient, knowing and highly professional but more like a piece of industrial product than something that genuinely touches the heart or mind."[149] Paul Taylor of The Independent called the topical political allegory "well-meaning but also melodramatic, incoherent and dreadfully superficial" and criticized the acting, songs and book, concluding that "the production manages to feel at once overblown and empty".[150]

A review of a Chinese production in the Shanghai Review of Books was very favorable.[151]

Commercial reception

edit
 
Playing at the Oriental Theatre for more than three years, the Chicago production continually broke box-office records.

Since its opening in 2003, the original Broadway production of Wicked has broken the house record at the Gershwin Theatre twenty times. It regularly grosses in excess of $1.6 million each week, making it one of the most lucrative productions on Broadway.[152][153] With a $14 million capitalization, the Broadway production took 15 months to break even, earning back its initial investment by December 21, 2004.[15] In its first year, it grossed more than $56 million.[154] In the week ending January 1, 2006, Wicked broke the record, previously held by the musical The Producers, for the highest weekly box office gross in Broadway history, earning $1,610,934.[155] It has gone on to break its own record numerous times, reaching $1,715,155 in November 2006,[156] $2,086,135 for the week ending November 29, 2009[157] and over $2.2 million in the week ending January 2, 2011.[158] In the first week of 2012, the Broadway production broke a record again, earning $2.7 million. In the final weekend of 2013, Wicked became the first musical to gross $3 million in one week.[4]

Wicked's productions across North America and abroad have been equally financially successful. The Los Angeles production took the local weekly gross record, again from a performance of The Producers, bringing in $1,786,110 in the week ending March 4, 2007,[159] with records also set in Chicago ($1,418,363),[160] and St Louis ($2,291,608),[161] to bring the collective gross of the seven worldwide productions to a world record-breaking $11.2 million.[162] A new suite of records were set over Christmas 2010, with house records broken in San Francisco ($1,485,692), Providence ($1,793,764) and Schenectady ($1,657,139) as well as Broadway, bringing the musical's one-week gross in North America alone to $7,062,335.[163]

Wicked played to more than 2 million visitors in Chicago with a gross of over $200 million, making it the highest-grossing show in Chicago history by June 2007.[164][165] With an opening-week gross of $1,400,000, it continually set records and became the longest-running Broadway musical in Chicago history.[166][167] Producer David Stone told Variety, "we thought it [the Chicago production] would run 18 months, then we'd spend a year in Los Angeles and six months in San Francisco... but sales stayed so strong that the producers created another road show and kept the show running in Chicago."[168] The Los Angeles production grossed over $145 million and was seen by more than 1.8 million patrons.[169] Over the 672 performances of the San Francisco production, Wicked sold over 1 million tickets with a cumulative gross of over $75 million.[170] While its Broadway production welcomed its 5 millionth audience member on September 29, 2010.[171]

 
The Los Angeles production played at the Pantages Theatre for almost two years, grossing more than $145 million.

Although West End theatres do not publish audited weekly grosses,[172] the West End production of Wicked said it had set the record for highest one-week gross in December 2006, taking £761,000 in the week ending December 30.[173][174] On June 23, 2008, the producers reported that over 1.4 million people had seen the London production, and grosses had topped £50 million.[175] The same reports stated that the show had consistently been one of the two highest-grossing shows in the West End.[174] For the week commencing December 27, 2010, the London production grossed £1,002,885, the highest single-week gross in West End theatre history,[176] with over 20,000 people attending the nine performances of Wicked that week.[177] The Melbourne production broke Australian box-office records, selling 24,750 tickets in three hours during pre-sales and grossing over $1.3 million on the first business day after its official opening.[178] On April 27, 2009, the production passed the milestone of 500,000 patrons.[179] When it transferred to Sydney, the production broke "all previous weekly box office records for a musical at the Capitol Theatre, grossing $1,473,775.70 in one week during October 2009.[180]

By seats sold on Broadway, Wicked ranks tenth of all time.[181] The show celebrated its 7,486th performance on Broadway on April 11, 2023 (the show's 20th anniversary year), surpassing Andrew Lloyd Webber's Cats as the fourth longest-running Broadway show in history.[182][183][184] Several other productions have also reached milestones such as the West End show in London, reaching 6512 performances on 22 September 2023,[185] the North American tour surpassing 4,160 performances[186] and the Australian run of the show, that reached 1,000 performances.[187]

Marketing and promotion

edit

The success of the Broadway production has led to the development of an auxiliary show for purposes of marketing and promotion titled Behind the Emerald Curtain. It was created by Sean McCourt—an original Broadway production cast member who played the Witch's Father—and Anthony Galde, who was a long-running swing in the Broadway company from 2004 to 2012. The tour features a ninety-minute behind-the-scenes look at the props, masks, costumes and sets used in the show, and includes a question-and-answer session with the cast members.[188] The tour also featured in the Los Angeles, San Francisco and Chicago sit-down productions, and were each run by different long-serving cast members of the show. The tour provides a behind-the-scenes look at what goes into putting on the show every day. Participants get a first-hand account of what it is like to be a part of the massive production that Wicked is.[189] To create Elphaba's green skin, 40 pots of the commercially available MAC Chromacake landscape green make-up are used per year. It is water-based for easy removal.[190] As of 2021, it cost $800,000 a week to run the Broadway production.[191]

Legacy and anniversary tributes

edit

15th anniversary tribute special

edit

In October 2018, an NBC broadcast, A Very Wicked Halloween: Celebrating 15 Years on Broadway, was hosted by Menzel and Chenoweth and featured Ariana Grande, Pentatonix, Adam Lambert, Ledisi, the current Broadway company of the musical and others, singing many of the musical numbers from Wicked to a live studio audience at the Marquis Theatre in New York. The concert special was directed by Glenn Weiss.[192]

PBS special

edit

On August 29, 2021, the PBS network aired a Wicked concert special, which was also hosted by Menzel and Chenoweth and featured Rita Moreno, Cynthia Erivo, Ariana DeBose, Gavin Creel, Ali Stroker, Amber Riley, Mario Cantone, Jennifer Nettles, Stephanie Hsu, Alex Newell, Isaac Cole Powell and Gabrielle Ruiz performing many of the musical numbers.[193]

Film adaptation

edit
See also: Wicked (2024 film) and Wicked Part Two
 
Official logo of the two-part film adaptation of the musical

A film adaptation of Wicked had been discussed since 2004. In July 2010, it was reported that J. J. Abrams, James Mangold, Ryan Murphy, and Rob Marshall were under consideration to direct.[194] By July 2012, Universal Studios was reported to be producing the film,[195] with Stephen Daldry as director and Winnie Holzman, who wrote the musical's book, to pen the screenplay.[196] Universal announced in 2016 that the film would be released in theaters on December 20, 2019, with Daldry still attached to direct, and the script to be co-written by the musical's creators, Holzman and Schwartz.[197] In May 2017, Schwartz stated that the film would feature "at least two" new songs.[198] On August 31, 2018, Universal put the film on hold, due to production scheduling, and gave the film adaptation of Cats, which became a box office bomb, the release date formerly held by the film.[199] On February 8, 2019, Universal announced a new release date of December 22, 2021, for the Wicked film.[200] On April 1, 2020, Universal put the film on hold once again due to Universal shifting release dates amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and gave Sing 2 the 2021 release date.[201] On October 20, 2020, it was announced that Daldry had left the production due to scheduling conflicts.[202] In February 2021, Deadline reported that Jon M. Chu had signed on to direct the film adaptation.[203] In July 2021, Schwartz stated that filming would begin in late 2021 in Georgia, but filming was later postponed to March 2022 and again to June 2022.[204] In November 2021, Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo were cast as Glinda and Elphaba respectively, with production originally set to begin in mid 2022 in the United Kingdom.[205][206]

 
Jonathan Bailey, Cynthia Erivo, and Ariana Grande (L:R) portrayed Fiyero, Elphaba, and Galinda respectively in the two-part film adaptation

In April 2022, it was announced the film would be released in two parts, the first on November 22, 2024, and the second on November 21, 2025. Jon M. Chu explained that it "became impossible to wrestle the story of 'Wicked' into a single film without doing some real damage to it", so he made the decision to make two movies, to allow for more time to get to know the characters and not make any omissions from the source material.[207][208]

In June 2022, Stephen Schwartz added, while confirming that a new song will be written for one of the two films, that the song "Defying Gravity" will end the first film, replicating the end act one in the stage musical, as having any scene to follow "seemed hugely anti-climactic". He also stated that a decision was made to avoid cutting or omitting parts of the musical, as often happens when translating musicals from stage to screen,[209] hoping this would be positively received by fans.[210]

On July 18, 2022, it was revealed that with the filming process settled at the newly built Sky Studios in Elstree, England, rehearsals would begin in August with principal photography beginning in November.[211] By September 2022, Jonathan Bailey was confirmed to have been cast as Fiyero.[212] The following month, Jeff Goldblum was reported to be in final talks to play the Wizard.[213]

In November 2022, Schwartz confirmed that part 2 of the movie will include two new songs "to meet the demands of the storytelling."[214] Then, on December 7, 2022, it was revealed that Ethan Slater will be playing Boq,[215] the following day it was announced that Michelle Yeoh will be playing Madame Morrible, and Goldblum the Wizard[216] and on December 9, Keala Settle, Bowen Yang, Bronwyn James, Aaron Teoh, Colin Michael Carmichael, and Marissa Bode were confirmed in the roles of Miss Coddle, Pfannee, ShenShen, Avaric, Nikidik, and Nessarose, respectively. Bode's casting as Nessarose makes her the first wheelchair-assisted actor to play the part and is also her feature film acting debut.[217] On December 9, 2022, Chu confirmed on Twitter that filming had begun.[218] In April 2024, Peter Dinklage had joined the cast as the voice of Dr. Dillamond.[219]

The first film received praise from critics and was an immediate commercial success, making it the highest worldwide opening weekend grosser for a film based on a stage musical since Les Misérables (2012).[220]

Interpretations

edit

Queer interpretations

edit

Queer interpretations of Wicked have depicted Glinda and Elphaba as harboring homoromantic feelings for each other.[221] The lyrics and placement of the song "What Is This Feeling?" evoke a tone reminiscent of common Golden Age duets between couples, such as “People Will Say We're in Love” from Oklahoma! and "If I Loved You" from Carousel.[222] This has led to the interpretation of Elphaba and Glinda as a couple. The subsequent sequence in "Dancing Through Life," has been likened to a modern version of the "lilting waltzes" seen in romantic scenes from musicals like My Fair Lady, West Side Story, and The Sound of Music.[222] Moreover, the line "I think we've found the place where we belong!" from "One Short Day" is seen as reflective of the theme of finding acceptance, a sentiment many LGBT+ individuals aspire to achieve.[222]

Additional arguments supporting a homoromantic interpretation of Wicked include Glinda's potential compulsory heterosexuality toward Fiyero and the suggestion that Glinda and Elphaba's relationship mirrors a common butch/femme pairing.[223] Stephen Schwartz, the composer and lyricist of Wicked, has stated that rather than presenting the pair as rivals, the musical is essentially "a love story between two women."[224] Gregory Maguire, the author of The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West and a gay man himself, prefers to leave the narrative open to interpretation.[221]

Wicked capitalized on this interpretation and began selling "Friend of Elphaba" (a play on "Friend of Dorothy") merchandise during Pride Month.[225] Critics of this interpretation have stated that the show stands as a testament that "friendships can be equally as important as romantic relationships" and does not require a romance, homosexual or heterosexual, to find power.[226]

edit

The success of Wicked has made several of the show's songs popular and has resulted in references to the show, characters, and songs in popular culture. The Broadway production has been featured in episodes of television programs, including Brothers & Sisters, Rules of Engagement, and The War at Home.[227] For filming purposes, the Pantages Theatre in Los Angeles doubled for the Gershwin Theatre on Broadway in Ugly Betty[228] in the episode "Something Wicked This Way Comes" in which Betty, the show's protagonist, goes to see Wicked on a date.[229]

Entertainer John Barrowman sang a version of "The Wizard and I" (retitled "The Doctor and I") on his 2008 tour of the UK, with adapted lyrics referring to his Doctor Who and Torchwood character Jack showing affection for The Doctor. Kerry Ellis, who played Elphaba in the West End and on Broadway, recorded "I'm Not That Girl" for the fifth anniversary edition of the original Broadway cast recording. She also recorded her own rock version of "Defying Gravity"; both were featured on her extended play Wicked in Rock (2008) and debut album Anthems (2010). A dance remix of her rock version of "Defying Gravity" was released in 2011. Louise Dearman, who has played both Elphaba and Glinda in the West End, released an acoustic version of "Defying Gravity" for the Wicked edition of her album Here Comes the Sun. Her former co-star and London Elphaba Rachel Tucker also covered "Defying Gravity" on her debut album The Reason (2014). Rapper Drake and singer Mika both sampled the musical's song in their songs "Popular" and "Popular Song" respectively.[230]

"Defying Gravity" is featured in the Glee episode Wheels, where Rachel (Lea Michele) and Kurt (Chris Colfer) sing it separately in a competition for the lead solo from the first season.[231] It was featured again in "100", the hundredth episode in the series. Media as diverse as the anime series Red Garden, the daytime drama Passions and the Buffy the Vampire Slayer graphic novels have all parodied Wicked's songs and characters.[232][233]

The end of the song "Killer Instinct" in Bring It On the Musical parodies the closing notes of "No One Mourns the Wicked".[234] The satiric musical The Book of Mormon also openly nods to Wicked, particularly in the song "You and Me (But Mostly Me)", presenting two rivals-to-friends and notably ending with Elder Cunningham holding a tune reminding of the famous ending of Elphaba's "Defying Gravity".[235] The Oscar-winning song "Let It Go" from the successful 2013 Disney feature film Frozen, that also won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, had been compared to "Defying Gravity" due to its similar theme and similar singing style,[236] and was sung by the original Elphaba Idina Menzel. When Frozen came to Broadway, the song "Monster" (sung by Caissie Levy, who also played Elphaba) was compared to "No Good Deed".[237]

Notes

edit
  1. ^ "The Wicked Witch of the East" is the only major piece not to be featured on the cast recording, as the producers felt "the song included too much dialogue and would give some of the plot away to people who have not seen the show."

References

edit
  1. ^ "Wicked". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  2. ^ Gans, Andrew (January 4, 2011). "Wicked Breaks Record for Highest-Grossing Week in Broadway History". Playbill. Archived from the original on January 5, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  3. ^ Press release (January 4, 2011). "Wicked Sets New Box Office Record with a Single Week Gross of over £1 Million, Crowning a Record-Breaking 2010 Archived July 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine". wickedthemusical.co.uk. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  4. ^ a b "Wicked Becomes First Broadway Musical to Gross Over $3 Million in One Week". playbillBroadwayworld.com. Archived from the original on January 3, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  5. ^ McPhee, Ryan (July 11, 2017). "Wicked Surpasses The Phantom of the Opera as Second-Highest Grossing Show in Broadway History". Playbill.
  6. ^ https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/newsletter/2024-11-26/wicked-is-a-box-office-hit-and-a-likely-awards-contender-here-are-our-takeaways-the-wide-shot
  7. ^ "John Bucchino and the Origins of Wicked". MusicalSchwartz.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  8. ^ a b Winn, Steven (May 11, 2003). "'Wicked' blesses Schwartz". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  9. ^ a b c d "Wicked – A Brief History". Wicked West End. Archived from the original on December 27, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  10. ^ Schumer, Lizz. "Does the Wicked Movie Follow the Book? Barely. Here Are the Biggest Differences", People, November 23, 2024
  11. ^ "Winnie Holzman – Wicked's book writer". MusicalSchwartz. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  12. ^ Buckley, Michael (June 6, 2004). "Stage to Screens: A Chat with Wicked Nominee and TV Veteran Winnie Holzman". Playbill. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  13. ^ "Wicked – Script". MusicalSchwartz.com. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  14. ^ Maguire, Gregory (1995). Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West. ReganBooks. ISBN 978-0-06-039144-7.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j David Cote (2005). Wicked: The Grimmerie: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at the Hit Broadway Musical. Hyperion. ISBN 978-1-4013-0820-9.
  16. ^ "Wicked the Musical in San Francisco". Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  17. ^ "Wicked Lyrics and Song Stories – "Dancing Through Life"". Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  18. ^ a b c "Wicked History--"There's No Place Like Home: Wicked Returns to San Francisco"". Archived from the original on March 30, 2012. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  19. ^ Hurwitt, Robert (June 12, 2003). "Every witch way". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  20. ^ a b Gans, Andrew. " 'Wicked' Flies Into San Francisco's Curran Theatre May 28" Playbill, May 28, 2003
  21. ^ Wicked Internet Broadway database, accessed November 2, 2019
  22. ^ Gans, Andrew (March 8, 2005). "'High Flying Adored': Wicked Tour Launches in Toronto March 8". Playbill. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  23. ^ a b Kleiman, Kelly. "Wicked". Aisle Say Chicago. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  24. ^ a b "West End Cast" broadwayworld.com, accessed November 2, 2019
  25. ^ Gans, Andrew (February 21, 2007). "Wicked Officially Opens in Los Angeles Feb. 21". Playbill. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  26. ^ James, Erin (October 7, 2012). "It's been a Wicked ride – one more day in the Emerald City". AussieTheatre.com. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  27. ^ a b "Wicked to Go on the U.K. Road in September 2013". playbill. November 5, 2012. Archived from the original on November 8, 2012. Retrieved November 5, 2012.
  28. ^ a b Longman, Will (July 13, 2016). ""Exclusive: First look at the 'Wicked' UK and international tour cast"". whatsonstage.com.
  29. ^ a b c d "Wicked – Musical Themes". MusicalSchwartz.com. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  30. ^ "Defying Gravity". Musicnotes. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  31. ^ a b Wicked (CD liner). Original Broadway Cast. Universal Music. 2003.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  32. ^ Jones, Kenneth (February 13, 2005). "Wicked's Cast Album Wins Grammy Award". Playbill. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  33. ^ "Wicked Original Cast Recording Certified Platinum". Broadway World. November 30, 2006. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  34. ^ "Wicked Cast Album Goes Double Platinum". Broadway World. November 8, 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2010.
  35. ^ Gans, Andrew (September 26, 2008). "Anniversary Edition of Wicked CD to Feature Bonus Tracks by Rimes, Goodrem and Menzel". Playbill. Archived from the original on September 28, 2008. Retrieved September 28, 2008.
  36. ^ Wicked: Die Hexen von Oz (CD liner). Ensemble Palladium Theater Stuttgart. Universal Music. 2007.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  37. ^ "ミュージカル『ウィキッド』日本語版ＣＤ製作中！" (in Japanese). 劇団四季 (Shiki Theater Company). May 8, 2008. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved May 15, 2008.
  38. ^ Macklin, Karen (May 28, 2003). "Witchy Ways". SF Weekly. Archived from the original on December 21, 2007. Retrieved November 19, 2007.
  39. ^ "Recovering Stephanie J. Block to Begin in Wicked Tour on March 25". Broadway.com. March 17, 2005. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
  40. ^ Gans, Andrew (July 30, 2003). "Amour Star Lands Role in Broadway's Wicked". Playbill. Archived from the original on December 25, 2004. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  41. ^ Gans, Andrew (September 14, 2021). "Wicked Flies Back Into Broadway's Gershwin Theatre September 14". Playbill.com.
  42. ^ McPhee, Ryan (October 9, 2020). "Broadway Officially Extends Theatre Shutdown". Playbill. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
  43. ^ Aquilina, Tyler (May 12, 2021). "All the Broadway shows that are reopening this fall". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 16, 2021.
  44. ^ Cristi, A.A. (September 14, 2021). "Video: Wicked Welcomes Original Star Kristin Chenoweth Home for Opening Night!". Broadway World. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
  45. ^ a b c "Two Dozen Witches and $790 Million Later, Wicked First National Tour Reaches Final Bow". Playbill.com. March 9, 2015. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  46. ^ Gans, Andrew (March 23, 2005). "Wicked To Have Open-Ended Chicago Run". Playbill. Archived from the original on February 5, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  47. ^ Gans, Andrew (January 25, 2009). "Wicked Ends Lengthy Chicago Sit-Down Engagement Jan. 25". Playbill. Archived from the original on January 29, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
  48. ^ Gans, Andrew (January 4, 2007). "John Rubinstein and Carol Kane Set for L.A. Wicked" Archived June 4, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Playbill.
  49. ^ Gans, Andrew (January 11, 2009). "Wicked Ends Lengthy Los Angeles Run Jan. 11". Playbill. Archived from the original on September 9, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2009.
  50. ^ Gans, Andrew (February 6, 2009). "Wicked, with Wicks and Kassebaum, Opens in San Francisco Feb. 6". Playbill. Archived from the original on March 12, 2009. Retrieved March 6, 2009.
  51. ^ Gans, Andrew. "Kassebaum and Wicks Will Head Cast of San Francisco 'Wicked'" Playbill, December 16, 2008
  52. ^ Gans, Andrew. "Dromard, Flynn, Hall and Rioseco Will Join Kassebaum and Wicks in San Fran 'Wicked' Playbill, January 13, 2009
  53. ^ Gans, Andrew (September 5, 2010). "Wicked Flies Out of San Francisco Sept. 5". Playbill. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
  54. ^ "Wicked's Second North American Tour Launches March 7". Playbill. March 7, 2009.
  55. ^ Gans, Andrew. "Dodd, Yorke, Caskey and McGowan to Star in Wicked's Second North American Tour" Playbill, February 9, 2009
  56. ^ Gans, Andrew; McPhee, Ryan (April 7, 2020). "National Tours of Broadway Titles Halt Engagements During COVID-19 Pandemic". Playbill. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  57. ^ Wild, Stephi (July 26, 2021). "Wicked Will Be the First Broadway Tour to Resume Performances, Kicking Off Next Week; Plus All New Photos!". Broadway World. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  58. ^ Cutler, Grace (July 26, 2021). "Wicked National Tour Celebrates 5,000th Performance In Minneapolis". Broadway World. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  59. ^ Gans, Andrew. "Broadway Hit Wicked Opens in London Sept. 27" Playbill, September 27, 2006
  60. ^ "Wicked Celebrates 10th Anniversary in the West End". Playbill.com. September 27, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  61. ^ Gans, Andrew (December 1, 2006). "Diva Talk: Chatting with Wicked and Rags Star Eden Espinosa". Playbill. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2007. They're going to implement the changes made for [the] London [production of Wicked] in the L.A. company.
  62. ^ "Idina Menzel to Star in London's Wicked". playbill.com. Playbill. April 21, 2006. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
  63. ^ Gans, Andrew. "She's Not That Girl: Menzel Departs London 'Wicked' Dec. 30" Playbill, December 30, 2006
  64. ^ "The West End and UK Theatre venues shut down until further notice due to coronavirus". London Theatre Direct. March 17, 2020. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  65. ^ "Return to Oz! Wicked to Resume West End Performances in September". Broadway.com. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  66. ^ "Wicked Confirms London Cast - Sophie Evans Joins Returning Cast To Play Glinda. Performances Resume 15th September 2021". BestofTheatre.co.uk. September 2, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  67. ^ "Apollo Victoria Theatre London - Wicked the Musical tickets". Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  68. ^ Wood, Alex. Wicked releases first look at new cast including Lucie Jones as Elphaba" Whatsonstage, January 24, 2022
  69. ^ "Wicked Becomes 10th Longest-Running Production in West End History April 24". Playbill.com. April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  70. ^ "Book Tickets".
  71. ^ "Full cast announced for Wicked UK and Ireland tour | WhatsOnStage". www.whatsonstage.com. September 26, 2017.
  72. ^ Wood, Alex (February 27, 2023). "Wicked tour announces lead casting". WhatsOnStage. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  73. ^ "Wicked at Teatro Telcel: Adding Sonic Dimension with Meyer Sound Constellation". livedesignonline.com. March 28, 2014.
  74. ^ Gioia, Michael (September 3, 2013). "Spanish-Language Production of Wicked Will Open in Mexico City; Complete Casting Announced". Playbill.com.
  75. ^ Tinoco, Armando (October 18, 2013). "'Wicked' Opens In Mexico To Rave Reviews; Danna Paola 'Spectacular' As Elphaba [Video]". Latin Times. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  76. ^ oscar (October 4, 2013). "Wicked". Cartelera de Teatro CDMX (in Spanish). Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  77. ^ Villa, Lucas (August 29, 2024). "This Mexican Pop Star Will Voice Elphaba in the Latin American Version of 'Wicked'". Remezcla. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  78. ^ "Die Vampire kehren zurück" (March 19, 2009) Archived March 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine in Stuttgarter Zeitung (in German)
  79. ^ Wicked – Oberhausen, stage-entertainment.de, June 18, 2009 Archived September 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  80. ^ "Wicked - Das Musical". WICKED - Das Musical (in German). Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  81. ^ "Cast für "Wicked" in Hamburg bekanntgegeben". May 18, 2021.
  82. ^ "Wicked Musical". Front Row King. Archived from the original on September 3, 2011. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
  83. ^ Gans, Andrew (February 12, 2008). "Harrison, Durack, Guest, Mills, Callea and Kirkpatrick To Star in Australia's Wicked". Playbill. Archived from the original on September 6, 2012. Retrieved February 22, 2008.
  84. ^ "Theatre Great Rob Guest Dies after Suffering a Stroke". Herald Sun. Australia. October 2, 2008. Archived from the original on May 8, 2009. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
  85. ^ Troy Dodds (December 30, 2009). "Amanda Harrison will return". Aussie Theatre. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
  86. ^ Bryce Hallett (February 9, 2010). "Wicked effect on star's voice forces her to call it quits". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
  87. ^ Litchfield, Neil. "Meet the Rising Wicked Witch of the West". Stage Whispers. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  88. ^ "David Harris Becomes the New Fiyero for 'Wicked' Australia" Archived December 9, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. broadwayiswicked.com. November 12, 2010.
  89. ^ James, Erin (August 22, 2011). "Major Musicals: Openings and Closings". Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  90. ^ "Wicked coming to Auckland". voxy.co.nz. Archived from the original on November 22, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
  91. ^ "Time to get Wicked! Opening date: Jan. 22, 2014". philstar.com. Archived from the original on August 16, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  92. ^ "Manila run of 'Wicked' extended to March 9". ABS-CBNnews.com. February 5, 2014. Retrieved March 15, 2014.
  93. ^ "Wicked Begins 10th Anniversary Tour". Wicked the Musical. Archived from the original on April 20, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  94. ^ James, Erin (July 8, 2013). "Durack returns as Glinda for Wicked 2014". AussieTheatre.com. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  95. ^ "Wicked has a new Glinda!". Wicked the Musical. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  96. ^ "Simon Gallaher to Join Wicked in Perth & Brisbane". Broadway World. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  97. ^ Papain, Jessie. "Wicked ends on a high note". Yahoo!7. Archived from the original on March 19, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  98. ^ "Ingenious and beautiful: Wicked dazzles with its smoke and mirrors". The Sydney Morning Herald. Nine Entertainment Co. September 8, 2023. Retrieved July 10, 2024.
  99. ^ Le Cross, Alannah (October 19, 2023). "Wicked". Timeout. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  100. ^ Ward, Sarah (March 22, 2024). "Wicked". Concrete Playground. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
  101. ^ Margoulis, Zach (May 21, 2024). "Wicked the musical flying West to Crown Perth in December to end national tour". PerthNow. The Sunday Times. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
  102. ^ Lee, Jan (August 5, 2024). "Hit Broadway musical Wicked will return to Singapore in March 2025". The Straits Times. SPH Media Trust. Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  103. ^ Admin (May 11, 2016). "Wicked UK and International Tour Cast 2016". LondonTheatre1. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  104. ^ "Wicked Announces UK/International Tour Cast | Bradford Theatres". www.bradford-theatres.co.uk. May 11, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  105. ^ "劇団四季 四季なびgation 02 - ウィキッド" (in Japanese). Shiki Theatre Company. February 25, 2009. Archived from the original on May 7, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2009.
  106. ^ "Ongoing Productions". shiki.jp. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
  107. ^ 『ウィキッド』札幌公演が千秋楽を迎えました！ (in Japanese). Shiki Theatre Company. November 7, 2016. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
  108. ^ "Tokyo Musical Experiences in January, 2024: Schedule, Tickets, Theatre and More". Tokyo Musicals. April 21, 2024. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  109. ^ McRae, Ross. "Magical farewell as Wicked closes". Yahoo7. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  110. ^ "Official Singapore Website". Wicked Singapore. Archived from the original on May 3, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  111. ^ "Something Wicked Is Coming To Singapore!" (PDF). Wicked Singapore. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 31, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  112. ^ "Roberta Valentini Wird Die Neue Elphaba In Oberhausen" (in German). stage-entertainment.de. Archived September 5, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  113. ^ "(위키드)작품 안내 - 지난 공연 | 대한민국 최고의 뮤지컬 전용 공연장 샤롯데씨어터". Archived from the original on March 31, 2015. Retrieved 2014-11-28.
  114. ^ "Wicked, Brazil – Susan Hilferty". Retrieved October 11, 2024.
  115. ^ "T4F Musicais - Timeline Photos". facebook.com. Archived from the original on February 26, 2022.
  116. ^ "Watch show clips from Wicked's 2021 South Korean revival". April 9, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  117. ^ "«Wicked» for første gang på norsk scene". Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). November 20, 2024. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
  118. ^ "Attractions, 'Wicked' listing" Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Universal Studios Japan. Retrieved December 10, 2010.
  119. ^ "'Wicked' in Finland". musicalschwartz.com. Retrieved December 10, 2010.
  120. ^ "'Wicked' Goes to Denmark, 2010–2011". BroadwayWorld.com. December 22, 2009.
  121. ^ "Medvirkende – Det Ny Teater". Detnyteater.dk. Archived from the original on December 8, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  122. ^ Henry, Alan. "Video: Watch Highlights from the Non-Replica Production of WICKED in Brazil". BroadwayWorld.com. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  123. ^ Sandin, Caio (August 21, 2024). "Wicked | Dublagem brasileira terá atrizes do musical como Glinda e Elphaba". Omelete (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved November 9, 2024.
  124. ^ "De spelar huvudrollerna i Sverigepremiären av "Wicked" på GöteborgsOperan" (Press release) (in Swedish). GöteborgsOperan. Mynewsdesk. February 7, 2023. Retrieved November 28, 2024.
  125. ^ "Wicked". fredericiamusicalteater.dk (in Danish). November 8, 2023. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  126. ^ "Wicked". Tivoli. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  127. ^ "Wicked". Teatr Muzyczny Roma - Odkryj świat musicali! (in Polish). Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  128. ^ "Realizatorzy i obsada - Wicked". Teatr Muzyczny Roma - Odkryj świat musicali! (in Polish). Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  129. ^ "SOM Produce estrenará Wicked en octubre de 2025 en el Nuevo Alcalá de Madrid" (in European Spanish). broadwayworld.com. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  130. ^ "2004 Tony Awards". Broadway World. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  131. ^ "Tony Awards 2004: The Winners". BBC News. June 7, 2004. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  132. ^ "'wicked' This Way Comes 6 Drama Desk Award Wins". The Hollywood Reporter. May 18, 2004. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  133. ^ "2007 Drama Desk Award Winners". Drama Desk Awards. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
  134. ^ "Nominations Announced for 2007 Laurence Olivier Awards". Society of London Theatre. January 18, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  135. ^ "Spring Awakening, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and Wicked Win Olivier Awards". Playbill. Archived from the original on May 25, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  136. ^ "Wicked Named 'Best Stage Musical' of the Decade by Entertainment Weekly; August: Osage County Best Play". Broadway World. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  137. ^ "Broadway Gals Elphaba, Mimi and Violet Among Entertainment Weekly's Top 100 Characters". Broadway.com. May 28, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  138. ^ a b Broadway Staff (June 12, 2003). "Were Critics Wicked to B'way-Bound Tuner?". Broadway.com. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  139. ^ Harvey, Dennis (June 12, 2003). "Wicked". Variety. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  140. ^ "Wicked reviews". New York Theatre Guide. Archived from the original on December 12, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  141. ^ "Wicked". Talkin' Broadway. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  142. ^ "Toronto's Wicked star says hit musical got boost from TV's Glee". Waterloo Region Record. October 22, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2021.
  143. ^ a b Isherwood, Charles (August 21, 2014). "It's Still Popular Being Green". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021. Retrieved August 31, 2021. ... reviews for this Stephen Schwartz-Winnie Holzman show skewed mixed to negative. But the notices for the stars, Kristin Chenoweth and Idina Menzel, were rapturous.
  144. ^ Zoglin, Richard (November 17, 2003). "Theater: Which Witch Was Wicked?". Time. Archived from the original on July 8, 2007.
  145. ^ a b Gardner, Elysa (October 30, 2003). "Something 'Wicked' comes to Broadway". USA Today. Archived from the original on July 6, 2004.
  146. ^ Brantley, Ben (October 31, 2003). "There's Trouble in Emerald City". The New York Times.
  147. ^ Lawson, Kyle (August 20, 2006). "The little musical that could A critical flop, 'Wicked' sets box-office records". The Arizona Republic. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved November 11, 2007.
  148. ^ Spencer, Charles (September 28, 2006). "Flawed, But Witches' Spell Still Works". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on February 16, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  149. ^ Billington, Michael (September 28, 2006). "Wicked: The Musical". The Guardian. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  150. ^ Taylor, Paul (September 28, 2006). "First Night: Wicked, Apollo Victoria, London". The Independent. London. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  151. ^ Li, Hansong (August 25, 2022). "李汉松评音乐剧《魔法坏女巫》︱善恶秩序的颠覆和重建_上海书评_澎湃新闻-The Paper". Thepaper.cn. The Paper (澎湃). Shanghai Review of Books (上海书评). Retrieved September 8, 2022.
  152. ^ "Broadway Grosses – 'Wicked'" broadwayworld.com
  153. ^ Ku, Andrew (November 5, 2007). "Broadway Grosses". Playbill. Archived from the original on November 9, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  154. ^ "Wicked on Broadway". Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  155. ^ "Wicked Has Highest Box Office Gross for Any Show in History – $1,610,934". Broadway World. January 3, 2006. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  156. ^ "Wicked Smashes Broadway Weekly Box Office Record". Broadway World. November 27, 2006. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  157. ^ "It's Official: Wicked Becomes the Highest Weekly Grossing Broadway Musical in History". Broadway World. November 30, 2009. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  158. ^ "Wicked Shatters Own Record for Highest Grossing Bway Show". Broadway World. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
  159. ^ "Wicked Breaks Los Angeles Box Office Records". Broadway World. March 5, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  160. ^ George, Doug (January 3, 2008). "It's a Wicked Good Week". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  161. ^ "'Wicked' Shatters Box Office Records Worldwide". Broadway World.
  162. ^ "Wicked Smashes Records, Earning $11.2 Million in One Week". Broadway.com. January 2, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
  163. ^ "Wicked Breaks Its Own Box Office Record To Become The Highest Grossing Show In Broadway History". Broadway World. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  164. ^ Carter, Kelley L. (November 14, 2009). "'Wicked' Actor Ready for 1,000 More Shows". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 17, 2007.
  165. ^ "Wicked Now Longest-Running Musical in Chicago History". Broadway World. Wisdom Digital Media. June 21, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2007.
  166. ^ "Wicked Hits 1000th Chicago Performance Nov.14". Broadway World. November 7, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
  167. ^ "Wicked Now Longest-Running Musical in Chicago History". Broadway World. June 21, 2007. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
  168. ^ Oxman, Steven (January 22, 2007). "Touring Shows Stay in the Loop: Broadway in Chicago Boost Economy". Variety. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  169. ^ "Wicked Bids LA Farewell, Leaves Happy Fans and Broken Records in Its Wake". Broadway World. January 12, 2009. Retrieved January 13, 2009.
  170. ^ Wiegand, David (April 26, 2010). "Curtain To Close on 'Wicked' After 660 Performances". San Francisco Chronicle. p. E3.
  171. ^ "Photo Coverage: Wicked Celebrates 5 Million and Going Strong!". Broadway World. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  172. ^ Shenton, Mark (October 31, 2006). "Spinning the Grosses... and Spinning the Gossip". The Stage. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  173. ^ "Wicked 'Sets Record' for West End". BBC News. October 31, 2006. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  174. ^ a b "Harriet Thorpe in Morrible in West End Wicked April 14". Wicked The Musical (UK). February 20, 2008. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
  175. ^ "The hit musical Wicked reaches £50 million gross and continues to break records". West End production official site. June 23, 2008. Archived from the original on July 3, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2008.
  176. ^ "Wicked Sets New Box Office Record For London Theatres".
  177. ^ "Wicked Sets New Box Office Record With a Single Week Gross of Over £1 Million, Crowning a Record-Breaking 2010". Wicked the Musical. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
  178. ^ "'Wicked' News" wickedthemusical.com.au Archived July 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  179. ^ "Dance Class welcomes ist 500,000th patron!". Archived from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved May 27, 2009.
  180. ^ Dodds, Troy."'Wicked' Breaks Records" Archived December 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Aussietheatre.com.au. October 15, 2009.
  181. ^ "Grosses, Cumulative" Archived May 7, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Broadwayworld.com
  182. ^ "Longest Runs on Broadway". Playbill. August 14, 2011.
  183. ^ "Wicked Flies to 1,000th Broadway Performance, March 23". Broadway World. March 16, 2006. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  184. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (April 6, 2023). "'Wicked' to Become Fourth-Longest Running Show in Broadway History". Variety. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  185. ^ "17 Years of Wicked: 5 Reasons to See it in London". London Theatre Tickets. October 24, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
  186. ^ Hetrick, Adam (March 9, 2015). "Two Dozen Witches and $790 Million Later, Wicked First National Tour Reaches Final Bow". Playbill.com.
  187. ^ "Wicked – The Broadway Musical – Australia". Wickedthemusical.com.au. May 6, 2011. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
  188. ^ "Behind the Emerald Curtain". Broadway in Chicago. Archived from the original on January 21, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2008.
  189. ^ "Behind the Emerald Curtain official website". Behind the Emerald Curtain. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
  190. ^ "Exclusive footage of Elphaba's make-up process in Wicked". Daily Echo. July 12, 2018. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
  191. ^ "How Much Does It Cost to Mount a Broadway Musical? | the Drama Teacher". January 11, 2009.
  192. ^ Lenker, Maureen Lee (October 29, 2018). "The 5 best moments in A Very Wicked Halloween". Entertainment Weekly.
  193. ^ "Kristin Chenoweth & Idina Menzel to Host 'Wicked in Concert' PBS Special; Full Cast Announced". August 5, 2021.
  194. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (July 9, 2010). "'Wicked' To Cast Movie Spell For Universal: Creators Meeting With Hollywood Directors". Deadline Hollywood.
  195. ^ Denette, Kelsey (July 12, 2012). "Universal Moves Forward With WICKED Film Adaptation; Stephen Daldry to Direct?". Broadway World.
  196. ^ Schaefer, Sandy (January 8, 2015). "'Wicked' Movie Musical Producer Confirms Director & 2016 Release Target". Screen Rant.
  197. ^ McClintock, Pamela (June 16, 2016). "Universal's 'Wicked' Movie Adaptation Gets December 2019 Release". The Hollywood Reporter.
  198. ^ Burlingame, Jon (May 15, 2017). "Stephen Schwartz: 'Wicked' Movie to Feature 'at Least Two' New Songs". Variety.
  199. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (August 31, 2018). "'Cats' Will Pounce During Christmas 2019 Frame; 'Wicked' Moves". Deadline Hollywood.
  200. ^ Hemmert, Kylie (February 8, 2019). "Wicked Feature Adaptation Moved to December 2021". Comingsoon.net.
  201. ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (April 1, 2020). "'Minions: The Rise Of Gru', 'Sing 2' Set New 2021 Release Dates; 'Wicked' Still Brewing Slot". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 1, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  202. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (October 20, 2020). "'Wicked' Director Stephen Daldry Exits Universal Movie Musical Adaptation". Deadline Hollywood.
  203. ^ Kroll, Justin (February 2, 2021). "'Wicked': Jon M. Chu Tapped To Direct Universal's Film Adaptation". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
  204. ^ Wood, Alex (July 2, 2021). "Stephen Schwartz: Wicked movie to start production later this year in Georgia". WhatsOnStage. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  205. ^ Shafer, Ellise; Donnelly, Matt (November 4, 2021). "Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo to Star in 'Wicked' Musical for Universal". Variety. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  206. ^ Thomas, Carly (March 27, 2023). "Ariana Grande Shares Behind-the-Scenes Look With Cynthia Erivo From 'Wicked' Set". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  207. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 26, 2022). "Universal Releasing 'Wicked' Musical In Two Parts". Deadline. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  208. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (July 1, 2024). "'Wicked' Shifts Earlier In November, Dates Against 'Gladiator II': Is Another 'Barbenheimer' Box Office Weekend In Store?". Deadline. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
  209. ^ "Amazing Songs from Broadway Musicals That Were Inexplicably Cut From Their Film Versions". Mark Robinson Writes. June 1, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  210. ^ Willman, Chris (June 28, 2022). "'Wicked' Songwriter Stephen Schwartz on Why the Movie Must Be a Two-Parter: Nothing Can Follow 'Defying Gravity'". Variety. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  211. ^ Major, Michael (July 18, 2022). "Wicked Movie to Begin Principal Photography in November". BroadwayWorld. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  212. ^ Malkin, Marc (September 21, 2022). "Jonathan Bailey Joins 'Wicked' Movies as Fiyero (Exclusive)". Variety. Retrieved September 21, 2022.
  213. ^ Malkin, Marc (October 29, 2022). "Jeff Goldblum in Final Talks to Join 'Wicked' Movies as the Wizard (Exclusive)". Variety. Retrieved October 29, 2022.
  214. ^ Major, Michael. "Second Wicked Movie Will Include Two New Songs". Broadway World. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  215. ^ Stewart, Zachary (December 7, 2022). "Ethan Slater to Play Boq in Wicked Movie". theatermania.com. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  216. ^ Major, Michael. "Michelle Yeoh to Play Madame Morrible In Wicked Movie; Jeff Goldblum Confirmed as The Wizard". Broadway World. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
  217. ^ Kroll, Justin (December 9, 2022). "'Wicked' Adaptation At Universal Rounds Out Inclusive All-Star Cast With Marissa Bode, Bowen Yang and Bronwyn James". Deadline. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  218. ^ "Lost my phone…so I couldn't keep up today with the announcements especially while we were shooting day 3 here in London. Just know things are going great. The #WickedMovie is really happening and I have 3 days of footage of prove it :) oh also Jeff Goldblume Is the Wizard!!!!". Twitter. Archived from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
  219. ^ McClintock, Pamela (April 10, 2024). "'Wicked' Casts Peter Dinklage as Dr. Dillamond the Goat". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 27, 2024.
  220. ^ https://www.nbcuniversal.com/article/wicked-makes-its-film-debut-strong-opening-weekend#:~:text=A%20Record%2DBreaking%20Opening,which%20opened%20to%20%24103M.
  221. ^ a b Grover, Hannah (2022) From Fandom to Future Representation: Sapphic and Alternative Media as Creation. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
  222. ^ a b c Wolf, Stacy Ellen (2008). ""Defying Gravity": Queer Conventions in the Musical Wicked". Theatre Journal. 60 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1353/tj.2008.0075. ISSN 1086-332X.
  223. ^ Dorn, Isabel (February 17, 2023). ""Musical Review Throwback: Queer Coding in 'Wicked'"". The Lawrentian. Archived from the original on January 10, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
  224. ^ "How the once-mocked musical Wicked became a global hit". The Independent. October 7, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  225. ^ Rose, HaleyJane. "Celebrate Wicked's 20th Anniversary With Merch and Souvenirs in Our Theatre Shop!". Broadway World. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  226. ^ Schrader, Valerie Lynn (November 25, 2015). "Friends "For Good" - Wicked: A New Musical and the Idealization of Friendship". Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal. 40 (1). doi:10.56816/2471-0032.1072. ISSN 2471-0032.
  227. ^ "Matriarchy". Brothers & Sisters. Season 1. Episode 23. May 20, 2007.
  228. ^ "Wicked Gets Ugly". London Theatre Direct. October 30, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  229. ^ "Something Wicked This Way Comes". Ugly Betty. Season 2. Episode 6. November 1, 2007.
  230. ^ Mika samples Wicked's "Popular" in song about bullying and homophobia Archived May 18, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved September 23, 2012.
  231. ^ Milzoff, Rebecca (November 16, 2009). "Glee's Chris Colfer on Owning 'Defying Gravity' and Resembling a Hummel Figurine". Vulture. Retrieved January 2, 2021.
  232. ^ "At Every Window". Red Garden. Season 1. Episode 5. October 31, 2006.
  233. ^ Whedon, Joss (w), Jeanty, Georges (p), Owens, Andy (i). "Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight" The Long Way Home, vol. 3, no. 1 (May 21, 2007). Dark Horse Comics.
  234. ^ Killer Instinct Bring it on the Musical. YouTube. September 30, 2012. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021.
  235. ^ Rebell, Sarah (March 17, 2023). "All the songs in 'The Book of Mormon' on Broadway". New York Theatre Guide. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  236. ^ "'Frozen': Defying meteorology". Chicago Tribune. November 26, 2013. Archived from the original on November 27, 2013. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
  237. ^ "MASH Wicked No Good Deed & Frozen Monster". May 6, 2018. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021 – via www.youtube.com.
edit
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Wicked (musical).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wicked_(musical)&oldid=1260319120#Musical_numbers"