Noria de Ángeles is a municipality in the Mexican state of Zacatecas, located approximately 75 kilometres (47 mi) southeast of the state capital of Zacatecas City.
Noria de Ángeles | |
|---|---|
 The road between Loreto and Real de Ángeles, viewed at Estación Genaro looking northeast | |
  Noria de Ángeles Location of Noria de Ángeles  Noria de Ángeles Noria de Ángeles (Mexico) | |
| Coordinates: 22°26′36″N 101°54′35″W / 22.44333°N 101.90972°W[1] | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State |  Zacatecas |
| Established | 29 October 1833 |
| Seat | Noria de Ángeles |
| Government | |
| • Municipal president | Manuel Becerra de la Rosa |
| Area | |
• Total | 408.5 km2 (157.7 sq mi) |
| Elevation [1] (of seat) | 2,195 m (7,201 ft) |
| Population (2020 Census)[2] | |
• Total | 16,284 |
| • Density | 40/km2 (100/sq mi) |
| • Seat | 1,633 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (Central) |
| Postal codes | 98880–98893[3] |
| Area code | 496 |
| Website | Official website |
Geography
editThe municipality of Noria de Ángeles is located at an elevation between 2,000 and 2,500 metres (6,600–8,200 ft) on the Mexican Plateau in southeastern Zacatecas. It borders the Zacatecan municipalities of Villa Hidalgo to the east, Pinos to the southeast, Loreto to the south, Luis Moya to the west, Ojocaliente to the northwest, and Villa González Ortega to the north.[4] It also borders the municipality of Salinas in the state of San Luis Potosí to the northeast. The municipality covers an area of 408.5 square kilometres (157.7 sq mi) and comprises 0.5% of the state's area.[2]
As of 2009, 60.8% of the land in Noria de Ángeles is used for agriculture. Matorral (33.1%) and grassland (3.5%) cover much of the remainder, while the abandoned Real de Ángeles mine and its tailings area cover 1.9% of the municipality's land area. Most of the municipality lies in the endorheic basin of El Salado, while a portion of the south is drained by the Chicalote River, a tributary of the San Pedro or Aguascalientes River, itself a branch of the Río Verde.[4]
Noria de Ángeles has a temperate semi-arid climate with dry winters. Average temperatures in the municipality range between 16 and 18 °C (61–64 °F), and average annual precipitation ranges between 300 and 500 millimetres (12–20 in).[4]
| Climate data for Guadalupe Victoria weather station at 22°23′45″N 101°49′53″W / 22.39583°N 101.83139°W, 2132 m above sea level (1981–2010 averages, 1951–2010 extremes) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.5 (90.5) |
33.0 (91.4) |
36.0 (96.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
35.5 (95.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.0 (89.6) |
29.5 (85.1) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.4 (70.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
26.0 (78.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
28.5 (83.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.3 (77.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
25.6 (78.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.1 (53.8) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.7 (60.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
20.2 (68.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
18.7 (65.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
5.3 (41.5) |
7.8 (46.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
11.7 (53.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
5.2 (41.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
5.0 (41.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.2 (0.76) |
10.7 (0.42) |
4.0 (0.16) |
6.9 (0.27) |
30.1 (1.19) |
63.2 (2.49) |
84.2 (3.31) |
64.2 (2.53) |
58.0 (2.28) |
27.3 (1.07) |
8.4 (0.33) |
7.8 (0.31) |
384.0 (15.12) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 2.3 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 4.2 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 41.4 |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[5][6] | |||||||||||||
History
editNoria de Ángeles is situated in an area that was originally inhabited by the Guachichil, one of the Chichimeca nations. The settlement of Noria de Ángeles was first registered on 15 January 1621,[7] and the mining settlement of Real de Ángeles was recorded in 1705.[8]
The municipality of Angeles was established in the partido of Pinos on 29 October 1833. It became a free municipality under the name of Noria de Ángeles on 19 August 1916. From 1935 to 1941, the municipality was named after Álvaro Obregón.[9]
The Temple of Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles was built in Noria de Ángeles from 24 June 1870 to August 1872. It was inscribed on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 2010 as part of the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.[10][11]
In 1979, the village of Real de Ángeles was demolished and rebuilt 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the east to make way for an open-pit silver mine.[12] The world's largest such mine in the 1980s, it was operated from 1982 to 1998 by Grupo Frisco, a mining company owned by Carlos Slim. Grupo Frisco has been repeatedly sanctioned for failing to comply with environmental regulations during the mine's operation and closure. The full extent of the mine's impact on the local environment and the health of the local population has yet to be thoroughly investigated.[13][14]
Administration
editThe municipal government of Noria de Ángeles comprises a president, a councillor (Spanish: síndico), and ten trustees (regidores), six elected by relative majority and four by proportional representation.[8] The current president of the municipality is Manuel Becerra de la Rosa.[15]
Demographics
editIn the 2020 Mexican Census, Noria de Ángeles recorded a population of 16,284 inhabitants living in 4126 households.[2] The 2010 Census recorded a population of 15,607 inhabitants in Noria de Ángeles.[1]
There are 36 inhabited localities in the municipality,[2] of which only the municipal seat, also called Noria de Ángeles, is classified as urban.[16] It recorded a population of 1633 inhabitants in the 2020 Census. The most populated locality in the municipality is Maravillas, located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of the municipal seat. It recorded a population of 2809 inhabitants in the 2020 Census.[2]
Economy
editThe main economic activities in Noria de Ángeles are agriculture and cattle farming.[8] The main crops grown are alfalfa and vegetables such as onions, lettuce and tomatillos.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Sistema Nacional de Información Municipal" (in Spanish). SEGOB. 2010. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f Panorama sociodemográfico de Zacatecas. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. 2021. pp. 84–85. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "Consulta de Códigos Postales". Catálogo Nacional de Códigos Postales. Mexican Postal Service. 17 June 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ a b c "Noria de Ángeles, Zacatecas" (PDF). Prontuario de información geográfica municipal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (in Spanish). INEGI. 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "Camino Real de Tierra Adentro" (PDF). World Heritage List. UNESCO. Vol. Zacatecas, pp. 12–13 (pp. 831–832 of the PDF). Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ a b c "Noria de Ángeles". Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México (in Spanish). INAFED. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Estado de Zacatecas. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. pp. 59, 117. ISBN 970-13-1519-7. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "Camino Real de Tierra Adentro". World Heritage List. UNESCO. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ "Temple of Nuestra Señora de los Angeles of the Town of Noria de Angeles; Scale: 1:1 073". World Heritage List. UNESCO. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
- ^ Cervantes, Berenice; Garcia Perez, Pedro; Mora, Adair (10 September 2019). "San Nicolás Tolentino, 300 años de fe y cultura en Real de Ángeles". Trópico de Cáncer Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Valadez Rodríguez, Alfredo (13 November 2018). "Tierras yermas y contaminadas, legado de Minera Real de Ángeles". La Jornada (in Spanish). p. 26. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Guzmán, Federico (18 August 2019). "Minera Real de Angeles, Zacatecas, Mexico". Environmental Justice Atlas (in English and Spanish). Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ Alvarado, Silvia (8 June 2021). "Va por Zacatecas gana más municipios". Pórtico (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "Resumen municipal: Municipio de Noria de Ángeles". Catálogo de Localidades (in Spanish). SEDESOL. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ "Información estadística básica. Municipio: 035 Noria de Ángeles" (in Spanish). Coordinación Estatal de Planeación. Retrieved 18 June 2021.