The North Chōsen Colonial Railway (Japanese: 北鮮拓殖鐵道株式會社, Hokusen Takushoku Tetsudō Kabushiki Kaisha; Korean: 북선척식철도주식회사, Bukseon Cheoksik Cheoldo Jusikhoesa), was a privately owned railway company in Japanese-occupied Korea.
| North Chōsen Colonial Railway Co. Ltd. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Native name | 북선척식철도주식회사 (Bukseon Cheoksik Cheoldo Jusikhoesa) 北鮮拓殖鐵道株式會社 (Hokusen Takushoku Tetsudō Kabushiki Kaisha) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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History
editIn order to exploit the rich iron deposits of the Musan region, the Chōsen Railway established the North Chōsen Colonial Railway as a subsidiary company[1] and began construction of a new line, calling it the Hambuk Line (not to be confused with the current Hambuk Line, which at that time was part of the Chosen Government Railway's (Sentetsu) Hamgyeong Line). The line was opened in two parts - the Gomusan-Hambuk Sincham section opening on 20 August 1927, and the Sinch'am-Musan segment being opened on 15 November 1929. On 1 February 1937, Musan Cheolsan Station was opened.[2]
Originally built as a narrow-gauge line, the conversion to standard gauge was completed on 1 May 1940,[3] and the extension to Musan Gangan station was completed then as well. On 1 April 1944, the line was absorbed into Sentetsu;[4] at the same time, the line was given its current name, Musan Line, and the extension to Musan Gangan station was closed.[4]
After the partition of Korea the line was within the territory of the DPRK, and was nationalised by the Provisional People’s Committee for North Korea along with all other railways in the Soviet zone of occupation on 10 August 1946;[5] the line retained the name given it by Sentetsu, Musan Line.[5]
Services
editIn the last timetable issued prior to the start of the Pacific War in November 1942, the North Chōsen Colonial Railway was operating four daily round trip passenger trains between Gomusan and Musan, timed to connect with local and express services on Sentetsu's Hamgyeong Line.[6]
| Distance (read down) |
2nd Class Korean yen |
3rd Class Korean yen |
1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | Station name | Distance (read up) |
2nd Class Korean yen |
3rd Class Korean yen |
2 | 4 | 6 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0 | - | - | 07:00 | 10:00 | 14:50 | 19:00 | Gomusan | 57.9 | 4.70 | 2.35 | 08:58 | 12:30 | 17:29 | 19:46 |
| 33.6 | 2.80 | 1.40 | 08:52 | 11:51 | 16:42 | 20:54 | Hambuk Sincham | 24.3 | 1.97 | 1.00 | 07:24 | 10:56 | 15:55 | 18:11 |
| 50.5 | 4.10 | 2.05 | 09:32 | 12:31 | 17:30 | 21:34 | Chinhwa | 7.4 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 06:30 | 10:01 | 14:58 | 17:16 |
| 57.9 | 4.70 | 2.35 | 09:49 | 12:47 | 17:48 | 21:50 | Musan | 0.0 | - | - | 06:00 | 09:30 | 14:30 | 16:45 |
Motive Power
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Prior to the conversion of the line to standard gauge, locomotives on the line included Class 810 locomotives of the Chōsen Railway. After it was converted to standard gauge, the primary power on the line was twenty-two heavy 2-8-2 steam locomotives identical to the South Manchuria Railway's Mikai class engines. Built by Kisha Seizō of Japan, they were numbered 1 through 22.[1]
After the North Chosen Colonial Railway was nationalised, these locomotives were taken over by Sentetsu, but their subsequent numbering is unknown.
| Road number | Year | Builder | Works number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1891 |
| 2 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1892 |
| 3 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1893 |
| 4 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1894 |
| 5 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1895 |
| 6 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1987 |
| 7 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1988 |
| 8 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1989 |
| 9 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1990 |
| 10 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1991 |
| 11 | 1940 | Kisha Seizō | 1992 |
| 12 | 1941 | Kisha Seizō | 2100 |
| 13 | 1941 | Kisha Seizō | 2101 |
| 14 | 1941 | Kisha Seizō | 2102 |
| 15 | 1941 | Kisha Seizō | 2103 |
| 16 | 1941 | Kisha Seizō | 2104 |
| 17 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2203 |
| 18 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2204 |
| 19 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2205 |
| 20 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2206 |
| 21 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2207 |
| 22 | 1942 | Kisha Seizō | 2208 |
Route
edit| Distance | Station name | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total; km | S2S; km | Transcribed, Korean | Transcribed, Japanese | Hunminjeongeum | Hanja/Kanji | Opened | Connections | |
| 0.0 | 0.0 | Komusan | Komozan | 고무산 | 古茂山 | 20 August 1927 | Sentetsu Hamgyeong Line | |
| 4.2 | 4.2 | Seosang | Seijō | 서상 | 西上 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 8.9 | 4.7 | Musu | Bushū | 무수 | 舞袖 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 14.5 | 5.6 | Pyemusan | Haimozan | 폐무산 | 廃茂山 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 18.9 | 4.4 | Charyeong | Sharei | 차령 | 車嶺 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 22.6 | 3.7 | Geumpae | Kinpai | 금패 | 金佩 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 33.6 | 11.0 | Hambuk Sincham | Kanboku-Shintan | 함북신참 | 咸北新站 | 20 August 1927 | ||
| 39.4 | 5.8 | Seopungsan | Seihōzan | 서풍산 | 西豊山 | 15 November 1929 | ||
| 45.7 | 6.3 | Jucho | Shusō | 주초 | 朱草 | 15 November 1929 | ||
| 50.5 | 4.8 | Chinhwa | Chinka | 진화 | 珍貨 | 15 November 1929 | ||
| 54.3 | 3.8 | Musan Cheolsan | Mōzan-Tetsuzan | 무산철산 | 茂山鉄山 | 15 November 1929 | ||
| 57.9 | 3.6 | Musan | Mōzan | 무산 | 茂山 | 15 November 1929 | Sentetsu Baengmu Line (opened 1944) | |
| 60.4 | 2.5 | Musan Kang'an | Mōzan-Kōgan | 무산강안 | 茂山江岸 | 1 February 1937 Closed 1944 |
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References
edit- ^ a b Yamada, Keitarō (1972). 汽車会社蒸気機関車製造史 [Manufacturing History of Kisha Kaisha Steam Locomotives] (in Japanese). Nagoya: Kōyūsha.
- ^ Japanese Government Railways (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The List of the Stations as of 1 October 1937), pp. 511
- ^ 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa Nr. 3984, 6 May 1940
- ^ a b 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa Nr. 5143, 29 March 1944
- ^ a b Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
- ^ Tōa Travel Co. (東亜旅行社), Ministry of Railways Combined Timetable 1 November 1942 (鐵道省編纂時刻表昭和１７年１１月１日)