Wikipedia

Northern Mindanao

Northern Mindanao (Cebuano: Amihanang Mindanao; Maranao: Pangotaraan Mindanao; Tagalog: Hilagang Mindanao) is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region X. It comprises five provinces: Bukidnon, Camiguin, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, and Lanao del Norte, and two cities classified as highly urbanized, all occupying the north-central part of Mindanao island, and the island-province of Camiguin. The regional center and largest city is Cagayan de Oro. Lanao del Norte was transferred to Northern Mindanao from Region XII (then called Central Mindanao) by virtue of Executive Order No. 36 in September 2001.[3]

Northern Mindanao
Region X
Region
Kitanglad Mountain Range, Bukidnon
White Island, Camiguin
Maria Cristina Fall, Iligan
Port of Ozamiz
Skyline of Cagayan de Oro
Anthem: "Martsa Rehiyon Diyes"
Old Version

Revised Version
Location in the Philippines
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Map
Coordinates: 8°45′N 124°55′E / 8.75°N 124.92°E / 8.75; 124.92
CountryPhilippines
Island groupMindanao
Regional center
and largest city		Cagayan de Oro
Area
 • Total
20,496.02 km2 (7,913.56 sq mi)
Highest elevation
(Mount Dulang-dulang)
2,941 m (9,649 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[1]
 • Total
5,022,768
 • Density250/km2 (630/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ISO 3166 codePH-10
Provinces
5
Independent cities
2
Component cities
7
Municipalities84
Barangays2,022
Cong. districts14
Languages
GDP (2023)₱984.8 billion
$17.91 billion[2]
Growth rateIncrease (5.3%)[2]
HDIIncrease 0.694 (Medium)
HDI rank12th in the Philippines (2019)
Websitewww.northernmindanao.com

Etymology

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The current name of the region was derived from its position on Mindanao island. The term was officially coined by the Americans after the establishment of American colonial rule in the Philippines due to the defeat of Filipino revolutionaries. There have been proposals to rename the current Northern Mindanao region, which is dominated by the Cebuano ethnic group, into the Amihanan region. Amihanan literally translates to 'northern area' from the Cebuano language, which is the lingua franca of the region.

Geography

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Northern Mindanao has a total land area of 2,049,602 hectares (5,064,680 acres).[4] More than 60% of Northern Mindanao's total land area are classified as forest land. Its seas abound with fish and other marine products. The abundant vegetation, natural springs and high elevation contribute to the region's cool, mild and invigorating climate.

Administrative divisions

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Map of Region X

The region is composed of five provinces: Bukidnon, the island province of Camiguin, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental and Misamis Oriental. It has two highly urbanized cities, Cagayan de Oro and Iligan, that are administered independently from any province. The provinces are further subdivided into seven component cities and 84 municipalities, with a total of 2,022 barangays. The regional center is Cagayan de Oro.

Provinces

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  •  †  Regional center
Province or HUC Provincial Capital Population (2020)[5] Area[4][6] Density Cities Muni. Barangay
km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
Bukidnon Malaybalay 30.7% 1,541,308 10,498.59 4,053.53 150 390 2 20 464
Camiguin Mambajao 1.8% 92,808 241.44 93.22 380 980 0 5 58
Lanao del Norte Tubod 14.4% 722,902 3,354.16 1,295.05 220 570 0 22 462
Misamis Occidental Oroquieta City 12.3% 617,333 2,055.22 793.52 300 780 3 14 490
Misamis Oriental † Cagayan de Oro 19.1% 956,900 3,131.52 1,209.09 310 800 2 23 424
Cagayan de Oro † — 14.5% 728,402 412.80 159.38 1,800 4,700 — — 80
Iligan † — 7.2% 363,115 813.37 314.04 450 1,200 — — 44
Total 5,022,768 20,458.51 7,899.07 250 600 9 84 2,022

 †  Cagayan de Oro and Iligan are highly urbanized cities; figures are excluded from Misamis Oriental and Lanao del Norte respectively.

Governors and vice governors
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Province Image Governor Political Party Vice Governor
 
Bukidnon
   Rogelio Neil Roque PRP Rogelio Quiño
 
Camiguin
   Xavier Jesus Romualdo PDP–Laban Rodin Romualdo
 
Lanao del Norte
   Imelda Dimaporo PDP–Laban/1STP Allan Lim
 
Misamis Occidental
   Henry Oaminal Nacionalista Rowena Gutierrez
 
Misamis Oriental
   Peter Unabia Lakas Jeremy Pelaez

Cities

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  •  †  Regional center

Demographics

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Population census of Northern Mindanao
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 162,036—    
1918 273,415+3.55%
1939 580,857+3.65%
1948 772,322+3.22%
1960 1,101,957+3.01%
1970 1,611,228+3.87%
1975 1,883,408+3.18%
1980 2,226,169+3.40%
1990 2,811,646+2.36%
1995 3,197,059+2.44%
2000 3,505,708+2.00%
2007 3,952,437+1.67%
2010 4,297,323+3.09%
2015 4,689,302+1.68%
2020 5,022,768+1.36%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[1][7]

Northern Mindanao is the 8th most populous region in the Philippines and 2nd in Mindanao (after Davao Region) according to the 2015 Philippine Statistics Authority Census. The major urban area of Region X is Metro Cagayan de Oro which includes Cagayan de Oro and some municipalities and cities of Misamis Oriental and Bukidnon.

The vast majority of the region's inhabitants descended from migrants from Cebu, Bohol, Siquijor and Negros Oriental. Some other inhabitants are of Bicolano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Waray, Zamboangueño, Maguindanaon, Maranao and Tausug descent, while the autochthonous Bukidnons and Manobos populate the inner highlands.

The largest religion is Christianity, with Roman Catholicism forming 72% of the population and Protestants forming a significant minority of 14%. The second largest religion is Islam, forming 8% of the population.[8]

The main language spoken in the region is Cebuano which is spoken with Northern Mindanao variant that is slightly different from standard Cebuano. The region is also home to sizeable speakers of Bohol dialect of Cebuano. Higaonon, Manobo and Binukid are among the languages native in the region, as are Maguindanaon and Maranao. Also spoken varyingly in the region are Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan and Waray. Tagalog (Filipino) and English are widely understood and often used for administrative functions by the local government, business and in education.

Economy

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Poverty incidence of Northern Mindanao

10
20
30
40
50
2006
39.01
2009
40.11
2012
39.47
2015
38.72
2018
23.08
2021
19.20

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]

 
An aerial view of Cagayan de Oro as seen in August 2017

The economy of Northern Mindanao is the second largest regional economy in the island of Mindanao.[17] While still a mainly agricultural region, there is also a booming growth of industries particularly in Cagayan de Oro and in Iligan. Del Monte Philippines is located in the province of Bukidnon and its processing plant is located in Cagayan de Oro, where it ships its products to the rest of the Philippines and Asia-Pacific region. The Agus-IV to VII Hydroelectric Plants in Iligan and Balo-i, Lanao del Norte supply most of its electrical power in Mindanao.

Notable people

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Main pages: Bukidnon § Notable people, Camiguin § Notable people, Lanao del Norte § Notable person, Iligan § Notable personalities, Misamis Occidental § Notable people, Category:People from Misamis Oriental, and List of people from Cagayan de Oro

References

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  1. ^ a b c Census of Population (2015). "Region X (Northern Mindanao)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
  2. ^ a b "2021 to 2023 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)". openstat.psa.gov.ph. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  3. ^ "Executive Order No. 36; Providing for the Reorganization of the Administrative Regions in Mindanao and for Other Purposes". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Malacañang, Manila, Philippines. September 19, 2001. Retrieved March 29, 2016. SECTION 2. Region X, known as Northern Mindanao, is hereby reorganized and shall be composed of the following provinces and cities: a. Provinces i. Bukidnon ii. Camiguin iii. Lanao del Norte iv. Misamis Occidental v. Misamis Oriental b. Cities i. Cagayan de Oro City ii. Gingoog City iii. Iligan City iv. Malaybalay City v. Oroquieta City vi. Ozamis City vii. Tangub City viii. Valencia City, Bukidnon
  4. ^ a b "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  5. ^ Census of Population (2020). "Region X (Northern Mindanao)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  6. ^ "List of Cities". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  7. ^ "Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities" (PDF). 2010 Census and Housing Population. Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  8. ^ http://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/specialrelease/_REGION%20X_Statistical%20Tables.xls [dead link‍]
  9. ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  10. ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
  11. ^ "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. February 8, 2011.
  12. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  13. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  14. ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
  15. ^ "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020.
  16. ^ "2021 Full Year Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 15, 2022. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
  17. ^ Pelone, Ruel V. (February 7, 2010). "Region 10: Mindanao's dominant regional economy". Cagayan de Oro: Business Week Mindanao. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
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