Novozybkov (Russian: Новозы́бков; Belarusian: Навазыбкаў) is a historical town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia with a population, in 2021, of 38,680.
Novozybkov
Новозыбков | |
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.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Novozybkov  | |
  Novozybkov Location of Novozybkov  Novozybkov Novozybkov (Bryansk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 52°32′N 31°56′E / 52.533°N 31.933°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Bryansk Oblast[2] |
| Founded | 1701 |
| Town status since | 1809 |
| Area | |
• Total | 34.13 km2 (13.18 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 160 m (520 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 40,553 |
| • Density | 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug (town of oblast significance)[2] |
| • Capital of | Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug,[2] Novozybkovsky District[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Novozybkov Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Capital of | Novozybkov Urban Okrug,[4] Novozybkovsky Municipal District[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 243020 |
| OKTMO ID | 15720000001 |
The city is home to a branch of the Bryansk State University.
History
editIt was founded in 1701 and was granted town status in 1809.[citation needed]
Novozybkov was a major hemp supplier in the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly for the production of ropes for the Imperial Russian Navy. Following the Crimean War, the demand for hemp fell, and cultivation stopped altogether at the beginning of the 20th century.[7]
During World War II, Novozybkov was occupied by the German Army from 16 August 1941 to 25 September 1943. The Jewish population of Novozybkov, about 10% of the total population, were reported to have been rounded up and executed in Karkhovskiy Forest.[citation needed]
On April 26, 1986, Novozybkovsky District and the neighbouring Krasnogorsky District were contaminated with radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl disaster. Today, these two areas remain the most contaminated in the Russian Federation as to the total contaminated area and the intensity of contamination (curies per km2). The area not suitable for human habitation (more than 40 Ci/km2 (1.5 MBq/m2)) starts at 1 km west of Novozybkov city limits.[8]
Ecological problems
editAs a result of the Chernobyl disaster on April 26, 1986, part of the territory of Bryansk Oblast has been contaminated with radionuclides (mainly Gordeyevsky, Klimovsky, Klintsovsky, Krasnogorsky, Surazhsky, and Novozybkovsky Districts). In 1999, some 226,000 people lived in areas with the contamination level above 5 Ci/km2 (0.19 MBq/m2), representing approximately 16% of the oblast's population.
Population
editThe population of Novozybkov was 38,680 (2021 Census);[9] 40,553 (2010 Census);[3] 43,038 (2002 Census);[10] 44,854 (1989 Soviet census).[11]
The population is in decline, with an average annual loss of 207 people between 1989 and 2021.
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Novozybkov serves as the administrative center of Novozybkovsky District,[1] even though it is not a part of it.[2]
As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1]
As a municipal division, Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug is incorporated as Novozybkov Urban Okrug.[2]
Notable people
edit- Aleksandra Belcova (1892–1981), painter
- David Dragunsky (1910–1992), general
- Grigori Roshal (1899–1983), film director and screenwriter
- Mariya Sergeyenko (1891–1987), scholar of Roman history and philologist
- Oscar Leschinsky (1892–1919), poet, artist, Bolshevik revolutionary and commissar, executed in Dagestan
- Rostislav Alexeyev (1916–1980), designer of high-speed shipbuilding
- Samson Samsonov (1921–2002), film director and screenwriter
- Sascha Schapiro (1890–1942), Jewish Russian anarchist revolutionary
- By ancestry, Taika Waititi (1975-), New Zealand director and comedian. Waititi's great-grandfather was a Jew who emigrated from Novozbkov.[12]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d Law #13-Z
- ^ a b c d e Law #69-Z
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #3-Z
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Nelson, Flynn (April 5, 2003). "Novozybkovo (quoting Kevin O'Flynn from the Moscow Times)". Bryansk Region (Russia). FOTW Flags of The World. Archived from the original on November 28, 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2012.
- ^ Новозыбков: город на фоне радиации strana.ru
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Bannister, Matthew (2021). Eye of the Taika: New Zealand comedy and the films of Taika Waititi. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p. 23. ISBN 9780814345320.
Sources
edit- Брянская областная Дума. Закон №13-З от 5 июня 1997 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Брянской области», в ред. Закона №4-З от 5 февраля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Брянской области». Опубликован: "Брянский рабочий", №119, 24 июня 1997 г. (Bryansk Oblast Duma. Law #13-Z of June 5, 1997 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Bryansk Oblast, as amended by the Law #4-Z of February 5, 2014 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of Bryansk Oblast. ).
- Брянская областная Дума. Закон №69-З от 2 ноября 2012 г. «Об образовании городских административных округов, поселковых административных округов, сельских административных округов, установлении границ, наименований и административных центров административных округов в Брянской области». Вступил в силу 1 января 2013 г. Опубликован: Информационный бюллетень "Официальная Брянщина", №16, 6 ноября 2012 г.. (Bryansk Oblast Duma. Law #69-Z of November 2, 2002 On the Establishment of Urban Administrative Okrugs, Settlement Administrative Okrugs, Rural Administrative Okrugs, on Establishing Borders, Names, and Administrative Centers of the Administrative Okrugs of Bryansk Oblast. Effective as of January 1, 2013.).
- Брянская областная Дума. Закон №3-З от 9 марта 2005 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований статусом статусом городского округа, муниципального района, городского поселения, сельского поселения и установлении границ муниципальных образований в Брянской области», в ред. Закона №75-З от 28 сентября 2015 г. «Об изменении статуса населённого пункта посёлок Красный Ятвиж Клетнянского района Брянской области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Брянская неделя", №13, 8 апреля 2005 г. (Bryansk Oblast Duma. Law #3-Z of March 9, 2005 On Granting the Municipal Formations the Status of Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement and on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Bryansk Oblast, as amended by the Law #75-Z of September 28, 2015 On Changing the Status of the Inhabited Locality the Settlement of Krasny Yatvizh in Kletnyansky District of Bryansk Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
External links
edit- Website of Novozybkov
- Website about Novozybkov (in Russian)
- The murder of the Jews of Novozybkov during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.