ORC2

Origin recognition complex subunit 2 is a protein that is encoded by the ORC2 (ORC2L) gene in humans.

ORC2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 5C8H
Identifiers
Aliases	ORC2, ORC2L, origin recognition complex subunit 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601182; MGI: 1328306; HomoloGene: 4512; GeneCards: ORC2; OMA:ORC2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) Band 2q33.1 Start 200,908,977 bp End 200,963,680 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) Band 1|1 C1.3 Start 58,501,930 bp End 58,544,268 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in Achilles tendon sural nerve epithelium of colon buccal mucosa cell gastric mucosa body of pancreas secondary oocyte skin of leg right testis left testis Top expressed in spermatocyte fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell tail of embryo medullary collecting duct ventricular zone epiblast spermatid genital tubercle Paneth cell primitive streak More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding DNA replication origin binding Cellular component heterochromatin inner kinetochore nuclear origin of replication recognition complex centrosome chromatin origin recognition complex membrane nucleoplasm nucleus Biological process G1 phase DNA replication negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II DNA replication initiation G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4999 18393 Ensembl ENSG00000115942 ENSMUSG00000026037 UniProt Q13416 Q60862 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006190 NM_001025378 NM_001271526 NM_008765 RefSeq (protein) NP_006181 NP_001020549 NP_001258455 NP_032791 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 200.91 – 200.96 Mb Chr 1: 58.5 – 58.54 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Origin recognition complex subunit 2
Identifiers
Symbol	ORC2
Pfam	PF04084
InterPro	IPR007220
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Function

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. This protein forms a core complex with ORC3, ORC4, and ORC5. It also interacts with CDC45L and MCM10, which are proteins known to be important for the initiation of DNA replication. This protein has been demonstrated to specifically associate with the origin of replication of Epstein-Barr virus in human cells, and is thought to be required for DNA replication from viral origin of replication.

Interactions

ORC2 has been shown to interact with:

• CDC6,
• DBF4,
• MCM10,
• MCM2
• MCM4,
• MCM5,
• MCM6,
• MCM7,
• ORC1,
• ORC3,
• ORC4,
• ORC5,
• ORC6, and
• Replication protein A1.

Further reading

• Gavin KA, Hidaka M, Stillman B (1996). "Conserved initiator proteins in eukaryotes". Science. 270 (5242): 1667–1671. doi:10.1126/science.270.5242.1667. PMID 7502077. S2CID 43633493.
• Saha P, Thome KC, Yamaguchi R, Hou Z, Weremowicz S, Dutta A (1998). "The human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC45". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (29): 18205–18209. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.29.18205. PMID 9660782.
• Ritzi M, Baack M, Musahl C, Romanowski P, Laskey RA, Knippers R (1998). "Human minichromosome maintenance proteins and human origin recognition complex 2 protein on chromatin". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (38): 24543–24549. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.38.24543. PMID 9733749.
• Pinto S, Quintana DG, Smith P, Mihalek RM, Hou ZH, Boynton S, Jones CJ, Hendricks M, Velinzon K, Wohlschlegel JA, Austin RJ, Lane WS, Tully T, Dutta A (1999). "latheo encodes a subunit of the origin recognition complex and disrupts neuronal proliferation and adult olfactory memory when mutant". Neuron. 23 (1): 45–54. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80752-7. PMID 10402192. S2CID 781511.
• Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of DNA replication". EMBO J. 18 (20): 5703–5713. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.20.5703. PMC 1171637. PMID 10523313.
• Natale DA, Li CJ, Sun WH, DePamphilis ML (2000). "Selective instability of Orc1 protein accounts for the absence of functional origin recognition complexes during the M-G(1) transition in mammals". EMBO J. 19 (11): 2728–2738. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.11.2728. PMC 212765. PMID 10835370.
• Thome KC, Dhar SK, Quintana DG, Delmolino L, Shahsafaei A, Dutta A (2001). "Subsets of human origin recognition complex (ORC) subunits are expressed in non-proliferating cells and associate with non-ORC proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (45): 35233–35241. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005765200. PMID 10954718.
• Izumi M, Yanagi K, Mizuno T, Yokoi M, Kawasaki Y, Moon KY, Hurwitz J, Yatagai F, Hanaoka F (2001). "The human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mcm10 interacts with replication factors and dissociates from nuclease-resistant nuclear structures in G(2) phase". Nucleic Acids Res. 28 (23): 4769–4777. doi:10.1093/nar/28.23.4769. PMC 115166. PMID 11095689.
• Vashee S, Simancek P, Challberg MD, Kelly TJ (2001). "Assembly of the human origin recognition complex". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (28): 26666–26673. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102493200. PMID 11323433.
• Dhar SK, Delmolino L, Dutta A (2001). "Architecture of the human origin recognition complex". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29067–29071. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103078200. PMID 11395502.
• Dhar SK, Yoshida K, Machida Y, Khaira P, Chaudhuri B, Wohlschlegel JA, Leffak M, Yates J, Dutta A (2001). "Replication from oriP of Epstein-Barr virus requires human ORC and is inhibited by geminin". Cell. 106 (3): 287–296. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00458-5. PMID 11509178. S2CID 12479646.
• Izumi M, Yatagai F, Hanaoka F (2002). "Cell cycle-dependent proteolysis and phosphorylation of human Mcm10". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (51): 48526–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107190200. PMID 11602595.
• Fujita M, Ishimi Y, Nakamura H, Kiyono T, Tsurumi T (2002). "Nuclear organization of DNA replication initiation proteins in mammalian cells". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (12): 10354–10361. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111398200. PMID 11779870.
• Schaarschmidt D, Ladenburger EM, Keller C, Knippers R (2002). "Human Mcm proteins at a replication origin during the G1 to S phase transition". Nucleic Acids Res. 30 (19): 4176–4185. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf532. PMC 140533. PMID 12364596.
• Matheos D, Ruiz MT, Price GB, Zannis-Hadjopoulos M (2002). "Ku antigen, an origin-specific binding protein that associates with replication proteins, is required for mammalian DNA replication". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1578 (1–3): 59–72. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(02)00497-9. PMID 12393188.
• Kneissl M, Pütter V, Szalay AA, Grummt F (2003). "Interaction and assembly of murine pre-replicative complex proteins in yeast and mouse cells". J. Mol. Biol. 327 (1): 111–128. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00079-2. PMID 12614612.

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Origin recognition complex subunit 2 (ORC2)