Odette Nilès (née Lecland; 27 December 1922 – 27 May 2023) was a French Communist and a militant in the French Resistance. She was held in internment camps from 1941 to 1944, where she had a romance with resistance hero Guy Môquet, for which she became known as "Guy Môquet's fiancée". After escaping from an internment camp, she became a member of the resistance against Vichy France. After World War II, she remained an active member of the French Communist Party as the wife of the mayor of Drancy.
Odette Nilès | |
|---|---|
| Born | Odette Lecland 27 December 1922 Paris, France |
| Died | 27 May 2023 (aged 100) |
| Political party | French Communist Party |
| Movement | French Resistance |
| Spouse | Maurice Nilès |
| Honours | Legion of Honour |
Biography
editOdette Lecland was born in Paris on 27 December 1922, and she grew up in Drancy.[1] She became engaged in activism and volunteer work in 1939, when she was 15 years old, opposing French involvement in the Spanish Civil War and collecting donations of milk for babies in Spain.[2] She joined the Young Communists in 1940. During the occupation period of Vichy France, she worked with them to distribute pamphlets and attend protests.[3] She was arrested along with a group of fellow militants on 13 August 1941, and she was sent to the Choisel internment camp the next month.[1] Lecland met prominent resistance fighter Guy Môquet while she was interned,[4] and she briefly began a romance with him.[5] After his execution, she came to be known as "Guy Môquet's fiancée". She remained in various camps for the following three years. She escaped from the Merignac internment camp in 1944 and joined the French Resistance in Bordeaux.[4][5] While in the resistance, she met Maurice Nilés, whom she married.[5] They had a son, Claude Guy Nilés, named for Guy Môquet.[2] For her work with the resistance, she received the Legion of Honour.[6]
Odette Nilès continued supporting communism after the end of World War II,[1] and she was a lifelong member of the French Communist Party.[3] She also became involved in the feminist movement. From 1959 to 1997, her husband was the mayor of Drancy. Nilès wrote a book about her relationship with Môquet in 2008.[1] A graphic novel about her life was written by Gwenaëlle Abolivier and illustrated by Eddy Vaccaro in 2021.[7] Nilès died on 27 May 2023.[1] Condolences were sent by prominent figures including President Emmanuel Macron and Communist Party leader Fabien Roussel.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e "La résistante communiste Odette Nilès est morte" [Communist resistant Odette Nilès is dead]. Le Monde.fr (in French). 27 May 2023. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ a b "Il y a cent ans naissait Odette Nilès" [A hundred years ago Odette Nilès was born]. Actu44 (in French). 27 December 2022. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ a b c Mazhar, Sofia (28 May 2023). ""Fiancée" de Guy Moquet, survivante du camp de Choisiel, résistante communiste : Odette Nilès s'est éteinte à 100 ans" ["Fiancée" of Guy Moquet, survivor of the Choisiel camp, communist resistant: Odette Nilès died at 100]. ladepeche.fr (in French). Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ a b Ивановска, Кристина (27 May 2023). "Odette Niles – symbol of resistance in occupied France". Sloboden Pečat. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ a b c "Three heroines of the French Resistance". France 24. 2 March 2023. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ "Dernière internée du camp de Choisel à Châteaubriant, Odette Nilès fête ses 100 ans" [Last internee of the Choisel camp in Châteaubriant, Odette Nilès celebrates her 100th birthday]. Ouest-France.fr (in French). 27 December 2022. Archived from the original on 27 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ Flécher, Guirec (14 November 2021). "L'histoire méconnue d'Odette Nilès, " La Fiancée " de Guy Môquet". Le Telegramme (in French). Archived from the original on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
Further reading
edit- Nilès, Odette (2008). Guy Môquet, mon amour de jeunesse [Guy Môquet, my childhood love]. Archipel. ISBN 978-2-8098-1117-9.