Wikipedia

Odnoklassniki

Odnoklassniki (Russian: Одноклассники, lit. 'Classmates'), abbreviated as OK or OK.ru, is a social networking service primarily in Russia and former Soviet Republics.[1] The site was launched on March 4, 2006 by Albert Popkov and is currently owned by VK.[2]

Odnoklassniki
Type of site
Social Networking
Available in13 languages:
OwnerVK
Created byAlbert Popkov (founder and head)
URLok.ru
Commercialyes
RegistrationRequired; no payment needed since August 31, 2010
LaunchedMarch 4, 2006; 18 years ago (2006-03-04)

The website currently has more than 200 million registered users and 45 million daily unique visitors. Odnoklassniki also currently has an Alexa Internet traffic ranking of 56 worldwide and 7 for Russia. Odnoklassniki is the second most popular social network in Russia, behind VK (VKontakte) but ahead of Facebook, which is in 3rd place.[3]

History

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Odnoklassniki was launched on March 26, 2006[4] by Albert Popkov, a telecommunications professional residing in London. Having previously been involved in similar projects in other European countries, Popkov initially developed Odnoklassniki as a hobby project from March to November 2006. During this period, it was only mentioned commercially within a friendly advertising agency as an advertising platform.

However, due to a significant increase in userbase, Popkov established a separate legal entity for the service. By July 2007, Odnoklassniki had grown its audience to 3 million users. In November 2009, a British company called I-CD accused Popkov of copyright infringement, alleging that he used proprietary information from his previous employment to create a site similar to Passado, the project 192.com. Where he worked until his resignation in November 2005. Popkov denied these allegations,[5] but was eventually dismissed as managing director of Odnoklassniki.[6] In November 2009, after the first day of trial in the Royal Courts of Justice,[7] I-CD dropped all charges against Popkov and Odnoklassniki[8] after they agreed to pay an undisclosed amount as settlement.

In September 2008, Popkov sold a controlling interest in Odnoklassniki to Digital Sky Technologies (DST), the owner of Mail.ru. DST and its subsidiary, Forticom, acquired a 58% stake in the network.[9] Paid registration was introduced in Odnoklassniki in 2008, but this led to a decline in popularity as users began migrating to the main competitor, VKontakte.[10] As a result, Odnoklassniki discontinued user registration fees in August 2009, reverting to a free model.

As of a certain undisclosed date, Odnoklassniki had more than 45 million registered users, with 56% of the audience consisting of users aged 25–44. It was ranked fifth in terms of monthly reach among all Russian-language resources targeting internet users aged 14–55 in July 2009, according to TNS Web Index.

Over the years, Odnoklassniki introduced various features and updates. These include the launch of a service in January 2009 that allowed users to clear their personal pages of unwanted guests, the introduction of beta testing for games in early April 2010, and the release of a beta version of video chat on December 24, 2010.

The network also added several new sections and functions, such as the ability to divide friends into groups, single authorization for third-party sites, a music section for listening and uploading MP3 files, and the inclusion of links to various projects of the Mail.ru Group in the top panel of "Classmates".

Odnoklassniki expanded its reach by providing localized versions in different languages, such as Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Armenian, German, Turkish, and Tajik. It also implemented features like group moderation, the ability to tag oneself in friends' photos, and the option to send videos and share photos in private messages.

Additionally, Odnoklassniki introduced advertising formats, launched its messenger called OK Messages, included live broadcasts in communities, and developed a video app called OK Video for Smart TV. The social network also faced challenges, such as being blocked by the Ukrainian government in retaliation for the annexation of Crimea and dealing with technical issues that temporarily affected site availability.

In recent years, Odnoklassniki continued to innovate with features like the "Recommendations" service, new emoticons beyond the "Class" button, a video feed on the mobile app, and an ad account for small businesses and content creators. The platform also launched a portal called "We are in the museum," focusing on art-related content, and saw an increase in users following the blockage of Instagram in Russia.

Please note that the information provided is accurate up until September 2021, and there may have been additional developments

A service was launched on January 23, 2009, which allows a user to clear their personal page of uninvited guests by removing them from the list of views as well as allowing the blocking access from all users that they are not "friends" with on the service.

After the introduction of paid registration in 2008, the popularity of the site fell sharply and users began to use to the main competitor VKontakte. On August 31, Odnoklassniki canceled user registration fees, and became free again. Odnoklassniki network has more than 45 million registered users.[as of?] According to TNS Web Index, 56% of the audience are users aged 25–44. The share of managers and specialists is 19% and 28%, respectively.

In early April 2010 beta testing games became available on the site, the developers were i-Jet.

On December 24, 2010, users of Odnoklassniki publicly released the beta version of the video chat.

  • On April 7, 2011, the network launched the opportunity to divide friends into groups.
  • On May 31, 2011, the network introduced a single authorization. Users became able to use their login and password for authorization on third-party sites.
  • On June 1, 2011, the network launched in beta testing a new section, “Music,” in which users can listen to music and upload MP3 files.
  • On September 27, 2011, users have access to a new top panel "Classmates." It contains links to various projects of Mail.ru Group
  • On April 24, 2012, the social network announced the launch of a mobile version of the site localized for Uzbekistan.[11][12]
  • On April 26, 2012, the number of registered accounts reached 135 million.[13]
  • On May 30, 2012, it became possible to use paid services with a zero balance. At the next replenishment of the balance, the amount that was taken on credit is debited from the account.
  • On June 29, 2012, it became possible to download tracks officially provided by copyright holders.
  • On October 30, 2012, the head of the social network Ilya Shirokov at the conference “Mail.ru Group Update” announced the launch of Internet radio inside the site.[14]
  • On October 31, 2012, users were given a free opportunity to change the page design to their liking, choosing from 39 provided themes.
  • On December 10, 2012, an opportunity appeared to post comments on behalf of the group.
  • On December 20, 2012, the social network Odnoklassniki announced the translation of the main version of the site into the Uzbek language (Latin)
  • On January 1, 2013, According to the site's own statistics, as of January 1, 2013, there were more than 205 million registered users, with daily traffic of about 40 million people.[15]
  • On February 4, 2013, groups got the opportunity to publish detailed Themes, where users can post tracks to the music collection of Odnoklassniki.
  • On February 14, 2013, Odnoklassniki reached the mark of 40 million users per day.[16]
  • On February 16, 2013, Odnoklassniki published Polls.
  • On March 20, 2013, the “Groups” section was rebuilt and their display and sorting was substantially changed.
  • On March 25, 2013, the site became available in Armenian.[17]
  • On April 4, 2013, access to the site was closed to all users, due to technical problems. Since April 5, the site has been working, but with failures: many services are unavailable.[18] Since April 7, the work of the site has been restored.[19]
  • On April 24, 2013, added the ability to design groups (in which more than 10,000 participants) with individual themes.
  • On April 30, 2013, a “vote” button appeared, available in groups for photo contests.
  • At the end of May, 2013, Odnoklassniki entered the Top 10 global social networks[20]
  • On June 14, 2013, the site became available in Tajik. According to LiveInternet, the number of Odnoklassniki visitors from Tajikistan is 500 thousand people per month, of which more than 20% access the site via mobile devices. According to official reports, the Tajik language was the last in the CIS, on which the Odnoklassniki website will officially be released.[21]
  • On June 25, 2013, the site created a version for the visually impaired and disabled.
  • On July 4, 2013, the site became available in English.
  • Starting July 10, 2013, you can add keywords to each topic in groups - tags. They allow you to group and view publications.
  • On October 8, 2013, it became possible to search for friends by date of birth.
  • On October 22, 2013, a function appeared to edit your own comments.
  • On October 30, 2013, Odnoklassniki app for Windows Phone was updated.
  • On November 15, 2013, a new service, “Delayed Posting,” appeared. Also on that day, the Help section was updated.
  • On December 12, 2013, an online movie theater was launched in the Video section.
  • Since January 30, 2014, in Odnoklassniki it has become possible to tag yourself in the photographs of your friend.
  • On February 13, 2014, a search appeared in the “Photo Albums” section of the groups.
  • Since February 13, 2014, all users have the opportunity to "Share" the video.
  • Since May 25, 2014, all users have the opportunity to share photos in private messages.
  • Since May 23, 2014, it became possible to subscribe to the video channel at Odnoklassniki.
  • July 23, 2015, in the sections "Messages" and "Discussions" there were new emoticons "Emoji".
  • On August 7, 2014, the social network became available on the new ok.ru domain. The old address was also available.
  • On August 8, 2014, new themes appeared in the themes gallery, created specifically for the social network by Karim Rashid.[22]
  • Since September 15, 2014, it has become possible to send videos in messages.
  • On October 30, 2014, the design of the Messages section was completely updated. Also on this day, the Odnoklassniki Moderator application appeared on Android mobile devices.[23]
  • On May 9, 2015, the social network hosted a live broadcast of the Victory Parade and Fireworks in Moscow, as well as in other cities of Russia.
  • On May 26, 2015, OK launched a new format through which groups can be promoted - a slot in the news feed.
  • On May 29, 2015, OK launched an affiliate program in which groups will be able to earn money on their content.
  • On July 22, 2015, they increased the size of uploading images by API to 1680x1680.
  • On July 22, 2015, Odnoklassniki launched a payout program for vulnerabilities found on the site and external widgets of the service.[24]
  • On August 11, 2015, video channels appeared in groups.
  • On September 11, 2015, launched the moderation of publications in groups.
  • Since September 16, you can promote posts in Odnoklassniki.
  • On October 1, 2015, Odnoklassniki revealed promo posts - advertising publications in groups that can be targeted to an audience outside the community.[25]
  • On October 1, 2015, Odnoklassniki revealed “karma” groups. This means that instead of an instant ban for violating the requirements for hosted content, a multi-stage lock was introduced.[25]
  • October 16, 2015, - Odnoklassniki website added a “Penalty Points” section.
  • October 22, 2015, - you can transfer videos to video channels using the "Drag & Drop" function.
  • On November 5, 2015, Odnoklassniki was translated into German and Turkish.[26]
  • On November 13, 2015, a photo counter appeared.
  • On November 25, 2015, Odnoklassnik revealed a new advertising format - the publication of video with autorun. Setting up an advertising campaign with such a tool is organized on the myTarget platform and does not differ from a campaign with regular promo posts.
  • On December 2, 2015, when adding a link to a user group, the user will receive a notification about this. These alerts will be received by moderators both in the web version and in the mobile. In addition, in the mobile version of OK, the removal of group links is now available.
  • Beginning of the year 2016:
    • Money transfer between users has appeared.
    • 51 million users per day.
    • 300 million video views per day.
    • OK - the second site in the runet for video views (comScore).
  • On March 1, 2016, OK launched live broadcasts in communities.
  • On April 1, 2016, new functionality was launched - extending the lockout period and removing users from the group. This applies only to blocked users.
  • On April 26, 2016, Odnoklassniki launch community news subscriptions.
  • In April 2016, the management of Odnoklassniki announced its intention to be the first of the Russian social networks to launch its own messenger - OK Messages. After the tests in a number of CIS countries, the mobile application should also be available to users in the Russian Federation.[27]
  • On May 13, 2016, Odnoklassniki included the ability to disable posting links in comments and community topics.
  • On May 26, 2016, Odnoklassniki unveiled their new "OK Video" app for Smart TV, which combines both online cinema and online television.[28]
  • Instagram integration with Odnoklassniki[29]
  • On May 16, 2017, President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, signed a decree implementing the NSDC decision to update the list of sanctions against over 400 Russian companies, leading to Odnoklassniki, VKontakte, Yandex and Mail.ru. and others being blocked by Poroshensko's government in retaliation for the annexation of Crimea.[30] Restrictions to the Odnoklassniki site were set to take effect by June 1.[31]
  • In April 2018, Odnoklassniki launched the "Recommendations" service - a personal news feed from new contributors to personal pages or groups[32]
  • Odnoklassniki began testing new emotions in addition to the already existing Class button. New emotions include "Nice", "Haha", "Grush", "Wow." Each of the above emotions can be amplified with the help of additional expressions: "Super!", "I love", "Ahaha", "Sadness", "Shock".[33]
  • In December 2018, a video feed appeared on the mobile app of the Odnoklassniki for Android - the ability to view videos and social network broadcasts on one screen in automatic playback mode without being distracted by other content.[34]
  • On July 11, 2019, Odnoklassniki launched an ad account for small businesses and content creators.[35]
  • October 26, 2019, Odnoklassniki launched a portal about art called "We are in the museum", which was planned to compile audio guides voiced by celebrities, as well as art projects, virtual exhibitions and quizzes.[36]
  • In May 2022, following the block of Instagram by Roskomnadzor, about 4% of the former Instagram users polled by Zarplata.ru said they had switched to Odnoklassniki.[37]

Service blocking in Ukraine

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In May 2017, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko signed a decree to impose a ban on Mail.ru and its widely used social networks including VKontakte and Odnoklassniki as part of its continued sanctions on Russia for its annexation of Crimea and involvement in the War in Donbass.[38][39] The move was widely criticized as censorship, and Reporters Without Borders condemned the ban, calling it a "disproportionate measure that seriously undermines the Ukrainian people’s right to information and freedom of expression."[40][41] Respondents in an online poll on the UNIAN site declared that 66% were “categorically against” the ban of Russian sites and another 11% said it would be easier to “ban the whole internet, like in North Korea”.[42]

According to the Internet Association of Ukraine the share of Ukrainian Internet users who visit Odnoklassniki daily had fallen from 35% to 10% from September 2016 to September 2019.[43]

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From October 2008 to September 2010, only a limited functionality account could be registered for free. In this version it is impossible to post, upload and rate photos, leave comments in forums and visit other users' pages. In order to use these features, a paid short message had to be sent.[44] In addition, the site provides a number of paid services: deleting ratings of their photos, disabling the user online status, and providing a wide range of emojis.[44]

Currently, it is free to delete ratings of your photos as well as guests from your watch list.

On August 31, 2010, social network management canceled paid registration. The official reason was "developing new effective ways to combat spammers".[45]

In February 2016, the social network, together with its partner bank VTB 24, introduced the ability to make money transfers between users of the network. Transfers are made between MasterCard, Maestro, Visa payment cards issued by Russian banks and linked to user profiles.[46]

Awards and recognition

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  • 2006 – Runet Award in the Health and Recreation category.[47][48]
  • 2006 – 4th place in the People's Ten of the Runet Prize.[49]
  • 2007 – Runet Award in the category "Culture and Mass Communications".[50][51]
  • 2007 – 3rd place in the “People's Ten” Runet Prize[52][53]
  • 2007 is the "project of the year" in the ROTOR ++ network competition[54]
  • 2007 – the first Russian annual nationwide award in the entertainment industry "Russian Entertainment Awards" in the nomination "Website of the Year".[55]
  • 2008 – Grand Prix in the nomination "Impact on offline" in the network professional competition of the Russian Online TOP (ROTOR) 2008 and ROTOR ++.[56]
  • 2008 – 1st place in the People's Ten of the Runet Prize.[57]
  • 2008 – Grand Prix in the Master of Brandbuilding competition.[58]
  • 2009 – "Disappointment of the year" in the ROTOR network competition[59][60]
  • 2011 – 3rd place in the Technology and Innovation Runet Prize.[61]
  • 2012 – Venture Village named the site as among 'The Top 10 Russian Internet Brands Out to Conquer the World'[62]

Technology

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The server that hosts odnoklassniki.ru is located in Moscow, Russia on the Golden Telecom network. The programming language primarily used on the site is Java and the main language used for the site's textual content is Russian. The site uses the Apache Tomcat web server.[63] Odnoklassniki is actively using 12 technologies for its website, according to BuiltWith. These include iPhone / Mobile Compatible, SSL by Default, and Apple Mobile Web Clips Icon.

Extremist content

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Mauricio Garcia, perpetrator of the 2023 Allen, Texas outlet mall shooting, reportedly used his account on Odnoklassniki to promote white supremacist and neo-Nazi views, and in particular to target Asians. A reporter for Bellingcat suggested that Garcia may have picked this platform because of its lack of content moderation.[64]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Social Media in Russia, Dreamgrow.com, 2011.
  2. ^ "About the project". Archived from the original on 2012-07-18. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
  3. ^ "What you need to know when entering the Russian market". ecommercenews.eu. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
  4. ^ "Odnoklassniki social network birthday". infoniac.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-12.
  5. ^ Британская компания требует отдать ей "Одноклассники.ru" NEWSru, December 3, 2008. (in Russian)
  6. ^ Альберта Попкова сняли с должности гендиректора "Одноклассников" Archived 2011-01-07 at the Wayback Machine rb.ru, September 15, 2009. (in Russian)
  7. ^ Инсайд: Стенограмма прений в суде по иску i-CD Publishing к Альберту Попкову Archived 2011-01-07 at the Wayback Machine ROEM.ru, October 29, 2009.
  8. ^ Британская компания отозвала иск к создателю Odnoklassniki.ru Альберту Попкову SNOB.ru, November 25, 2009. (in Russian)
  9. ^ (in Russian) Vedomosti, September 15, 2008 [1]
  10. ^ Pfauth, Ernst-Jan (2008-11-02). "Odnoklassniki.ru introduces SMS payments for monetization and security". The Next Web. Retrieved 2019-12-12.
  11. ^ "Odnoklassniki social network translated into Uzbek". www.gazeta.uz (in Russian). 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
  12. ^ "Social network "Classmates" will be translated into Uzbek". lenta.ru. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
  13. ^ Nikonenko, Sergey. "Elections 2016: communicative trends of political interaction on the Internet". cyberleninka.ru. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
  14. ^ "Odnoklassniki will close the search for children and turn on the radio". rg.ru (in Russian). 30 October 2012. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
  15. ^ "Odnoklassniki social network birthday". www.infoniac.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-13.
  16. ^ "Odnoklassniki website has been down for several hours due to a hardware failure". tsn.ua (in Russian). 2013-04-05. Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  17. ^ "From now on Odnoklassniki.ru network is fully available in Armenian". mediamax.am (in Armenian). Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  18. ^ "Technical work on the site of the social network "Classmates" dragged on". newizv.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  19. ^ ntv.ru. "Users rejoice: "Classmates" have risen from the dead". NTV (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  20. ^ "In the TOP-100 of the most popular social networks in the world, VKontakte and Odnoklassniki took 9th and 10th place". Rusbase (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  21. ^ "The popular social network "Classmates" was released in Tajik". RIA News (in Russian). 14 June 2013. Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  22. ^ "Karim Rashid has worked on Odnoklassniki". www.sostav.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-27.
  23. ^ "In Odnoklassniki, the Moderator application appeared on Android mobile devices". www.profi-forex.org (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-27.
  24. ^ "Pay for bugs". insideok.ru (in Russian). 22 July 2015. Retrieved 2019-12-27.
  25. ^ a b "Odnoklassniki revealed karma groups". insideok.ru (in Russian). October 2015. Retrieved 2019-12-27.
  26. ^ "Odnoklassniki translated the platform into German and Turkish". Likeni (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-27.
  27. ^ "Classmates will launch rivals WhatsApp and Telegram". РБК (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  28. ^ "OK.RU launches an application for "smart TV"". odnoklassnikihelp.com (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  29. ^ "Instagram integration with Classmates". vesti.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  30. ^ "Ukraine Bans Dozens of Russian Websites". VOA News. 16 May 2017. Retrieved 2023-02-17.
  31. ^ "Yandex, VKontakte and Classmates blocked in Ukraine". Tokar.ua (in Ukrainian). 2017-05-16. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  32. ^ "Одноклассники запустили сервис "Рекомендации"". РИА Новости (in Russian). 2018-04-11. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  33. ^ "Classmates test new emotions in addition to "Class"". РИА Новости (in Russian). 2017-11-17. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  34. ^ "Classmates have launched a smart video tape in the mobile app". insideok.ru (in Russian). 13 December 2018. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  35. ^ "Advertising Cabinet on the social network Classmates". Одноклассники - моя страница (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  36. ^ "Classmates launch their virtual museum". www.sostav.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  37. ^ "Poll reveals how many Russians stopped using Instagram". tass.com. 2022-05-17.
  38. ^ Poroshenko, Petro (May 15, 2017). УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ №133/2017: Про рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від 28 квітня 2017 року "Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)" [DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE №133 / 2017: On the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated April 28, 2017 "On the application of personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions)"] (in Ukrainian). President of Ukraine. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  39. ^ Додаток 2 до рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від «28» квітня 2017 року «Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)» ЮРИДИЧНІ ОСОБИ, до яких застосовуються обмежувальні заходи (санкції) [Annex 2 to the Decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated April 28, 2017 "On the Application of Personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions) "Legal Entities under Restrictive Measures (Sanctions)"] (PDF) (in Ukrainian). President of Ukraine. April 28, 2017. p. 185-6 (#422 mail.ru Group), 186-7 (#423 ТОВ «Вконтакте» (VKontakte)), 187-8 (#424 ТОВ «В Контакті» (In Kontakte)) & 189 (#425 mail.ru Ukraine). This is a prohibition of Internet Service Providers (ISP) to provide access to the internet service «Mail.ru» (mail.ru) and social-oriented resources «Vkontakte» (vk.com) and «Odnoklassniki» (ok.ru). Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  40. ^ https://rsf.org/en/news/rsf-urges-ukraine-scrap-ban-russian-social-media-sites%7C[permanent dead link‍] RSF | May 23, 2017
  41. ^ Ukraine's Poroshenko to block Russian social networks, BBC News (16 May 2017)
  42. ^ Luhn, Alec (16 May 2017). "Ukraine blocks popular social networks as part of sanctions on Russia". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  43. ^ (in Ukrainian) Three years without VKontakte: what social networks do Ukrainians prefer, Ukrayinska Pravda (14 November 2019)
  44. ^ a b "Classmates' social networking has become paid". lenta.ru. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  45. ^ ""Classmates" canceled paid registration". lenta.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  46. ^ ""Одноклассники" пошли ва-банк". Коммерсантъ (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  47. ^ "In 2006, almost 500 Internet projects competed for the Runet Prize". ИА REGNUM (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  48. ^ Runet Prize, 2006 (in Russian)
  49. ^ "There are 4 Orthodox sites in the People's Ten at the Runet-2006 Prize". www.pravoslavie.ru. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  50. ^ "Runet-2007 Award presented". Газета.Ru (in Russian). 28 November 2007. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  51. ^ Runet Prize, 2007 (in Russian)
  52. ^ "Одноклассники.ru". vesti.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  53. ^ Media. "Runet Prize 2007". lib.broadcasting.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  54. ^ "ROTOR ++ 2007: Russian TOR ++ Online Online Competition". ezhe.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  55. ^ "In honor of the ordinary Yekaterinburg Muscovites threw a grand party". ura.news. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  56. ^ "РОТОР 2008". ezhe.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  57. ^ "Anniversary "Runet Prize 2008" named the Laureates". www.ng.ru (in Russian). 27 November 2008. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  58. ^ ""Classmates" became the first. Representatives of leading business media have identified the top ten companies in the field of brand creation and promotion". www.sostav.ru (in Russian). 2 June 2008. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  59. ^ "The winners of the ROTOR-2009 competition are named". lenta.ru (in Russian). 28 May 2009. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  60. ^ "РОТОР 2009". ezhe.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  61. ^ "Winners of "Runet-2011 Award" Announced". РИА Новости (in Russian). 25 November 2011. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  62. ^ Top 10 Russian Internet Brands out to conquer the world Archived 2012-06-01 at the Wayback Machine
  63. ^ "Odnoklassniki". ServerSliders.com. Archived from the original on 2010-12-22. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
  64. ^ "Texas gunman fantasized over race wars on social media before mass killing".
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