Of the Subcontract (sometimes titled Of the Subcontract: Or Principles of Poetic Right) is a collection of 100 poems written by a worker subcontracted through Amazon Mechanical Turk.[1] It was published in 2013 by Information as Material, with Nick Thurston as the listed author.[2]
 | |
| Author | Nick Thurston |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Genre | Poetry |
| Publisher | Information as Material |
Publication date | August 2013 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Pages | 142 |
| ISBN | 9781907468186 |
Content
editForeword
editThe book contains a foreword ostensibly by McKenzie Wark, though it was actually subcontracted to a ghostwriter in Lahore, Pakistan, for seventy-five dollars via Freelancer.com.[3] In the foreword, the author discusses the positive attributes of both poetry in general and specific poems in Of the Subcontract.
Poems
editThe poems are ordered by cost of production, and the book is divided into four sections:
- Artificial Artificial Intelligence
- Benefits of On Demand, Elastic Staffing
- Data Cleansing, Normalization, and Deduplication
- Bellows, Reeds, Levers; Throat, Nose, Mouth
The majority of the poems are about traditional poetic topics, such as love, faith, family, and nature; however, a few of the poems make reference to the author's work as a Mechanical Turk.[4]
Afterword
editThe afterword, written by Darren Wershler, describes the use of the Amazon's Mechanical Turk system, especially its history as a platform for creating art.
Development
editWhen developing the project Thurston chose to ask the users at Amazon's Mechanical Turk system to create poetry.[5] The writers were paid US$0.05 per line and "composed his book by arranging them in the order of efficiency (cost vs. poetry produced), along with the metadata documenting their employee-employer exchange."[6]
Reception
editRita Raley of American Book Review reviewed the work, writing that "Of the Subcontract poses questions about the gift economy for the creative industries, wherein a culture of volunteerism disguises the exploitative aspect of unpaid internships and artists are asked to accept the notion of reputation as currency and regard working for free as “opportunity”—“no payment and a rejection are sure to come”—or reduced to busking through PayPal tip jars."[7] Luke Skrebowski of Amodern also covered the book, stating that it "can be read as broaching a moment of Institutional Critique along the lines suggested by Place and Fitterman."[8] At a talk at Avant Canada: Artists, Prophets, Revolutionaries, Christian Bök described Of the Subcontract as "[delegating] the writing of poetry to precarious laborers at Amazon Mechanical Turk, exploring the ethics of outsourcing uncreativity to others."[9]
Further reading
edit- Tabbi, Joseph (30 November 2017). The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4742-3027-8.
- VOYCE, STEPHEN; Thurston, Nick (2014). "Of the Subcontract: An Interview with Nick Thurston". The Iowa Review. 44 (1): 94–108. doi:10.17077/0021-065X.7447. ISSN 0021-065X. JSTOR 43051320.
References
edit- ^ Finn, Ed (6 March 2017). What Algorithms Want: Imagination in the Age of Computing. MIT Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-262-33884-4. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ "Of the Subcontract, Or Principles of Poetic Right - Nick Thurston". www.nickthurston.info. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
- ^ "Of the Subcontract: An Interview with Nick Thurston" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
- ^ Thurston, Nick (August 2013). Of The Subcontract. York, UK: Information as Material. ISBN 9781907468186.
- ^ MARECKI, PIOTR (2017). "Crowdsourcing and literature: A report from the project "Wiersze za sto dolarów"" (PDF). World Literature Studies. 9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ Tomasula, Steve (30 December 2014). "Our Tools Make Us (And Our Literature) Post. Essai édité par Jean-Yves Pellegrin (Université Paris-Sorbonne)". Transatlantica. Revue d'études américaines. American Studies Journal (in French) (2). doi:10.4000/transatlantica.7102. ISSN 1765-2766. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ Raley, Rita (2014). "Outsourced Poetics". American Book Review. 35 (2): 5–6. doi:10.1353/abr.2014.0006. ISSN 2153-4578. S2CID 201775064. Archived from the original on 3 June 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ Skrebowski, Luke (July 2016). "Approaching the Contemporary". Amodern. 6. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
- ^ BÖK, CHRISTIAN. "To ward off a diabolical poetry". Jacket2. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
External links
edit- Afterword by Darren Wershler at Alienated.net