Olga Ivanovna Preobrazhenskaya (Russian: Ольга Ивановна Преображенская, 24 July 1881 – 30 October 1971) was a Russian actress[1] and film director,[2] one of the first female film directors, and the first female film director in Russia.[3][4][5]
Olga Preobrazhenskaya | |
|---|---|
| Born | 24 July 1881 |
| Died | 30 October 1971 (aged 90) Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Occupation(s) | Film director Actress |
| Years active | 1913–1961 |
She is best known for directing the films Women of Ryazan (1927) [6] and And Quiet Flows the Don (1930).[7][8]
Biography
editOlga Ivanovna Preobrazhenskaya was born on 24 July 1881, in Moscow. From 1901 to 1904, she studied in the actor school of Moscow Art Theater. From 1905, she worked in theaters in Poltava, Tbilisi, Riga, Odessa, Voronezh and Moscow.[9]
In 1913, she debuted as film actress in The Keys to Happiness, directed by Vladimir Gardin and Yakov Protazanov, and she starred in several popular adaptations of Russian classics, such as War and Peace and On the Eve (both 1915). Preobrazhenskaya was one of the founders of the actor school of the VGIK, where she taught from 1918 to 1925.[2][9]
In 1916 Preobrazhenskaya directed Miss Peasant — it was her directorial debut.[4][10] When it was released it received praise, but since it was the debut film of a woman director, it was treated with distrust, and on the posters and reviews her name was often written with a male ending or attributed to other directors.[11]
After graduating from the Moscow Art Theater School in 1923 she worked as a director at the Goskino film studio (now Mosfilm), was the second director on the films Locksmith and Chancellor (1923). Starting in 1927, she collaborated with film director Ivan Pravov, with whom she made several films together. Their most well-known films were Women of Ryazan (1927) and And Quiet Flows the Don (1930)[2]
Filmography
edit- As Actress
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1924 | Locksmith and Chancellor
(Слесарь и канцлер) |
[12] | |
| 1923 | The Landowner (Помещик) | ||
| 1919 | The Iron Heel (Железная пята) | ||
| 1916 | Whose Guilt? (Чья вина?) | ||
| 1916 | Deep Pool (Омут) | ||
| 1916 | The Great Passion
(Великая страсть) |
||
| 1915 | Privalov's Millions
(Приваловские миллионы) |
||
| 1915 | Plebeian (Плебей) | ||
| 1915 | Peterburg Slums
(Петербургские трущобы) |
||
| 1915 | On the Eve (Накануне) | ||
| 1915 | The Garnet Bracelet
(Гранатовый браслет) |
||
| 1915 | War and Peace (Война и мир) | ||
| 1914 | Mask of Death (Маска смерти) | ||
| 1914 | A Nest of Gentlefolk
(Дворянское гнездо) |
[12] | |
| 1914 | Dionysus' Anger
(Гнев Диониса) |
||
| 1913 | The Keys to Happiness
(Ключи счастья) |
- As Director
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1941 | Lad from Taiga (Парень из тайги) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov |
| 1939 | Stepan Razin (Степан Разин) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov [13][14] |
| 1935 | Paths of Enemies (Вражьи тропы) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov [15] |
| 1930 | And Quiet Flows the Don (Тихий Дон) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov [8][16] |
| 1929 | The Last Attraction (Последний аттракцион) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov [17] |
| 1928 | A Town Full of Light (Светлый город) | Director | co-directed with Ivan Pravov |
| 1927 | Women of Ryazan (Бабы рязанские) | Director | [18][19] |
| 1927 | Anne (Аня) | Director | |
| 1926 | Kashtanka
(Каштанка) |
Director | |
| 1925 | Fedka's truth
(Федькина правда) |
Director | |
| 1923 | The Landowner
(Помещик) |
Director | |
| 1918 | Tale of Priest Pankrat
(Сказка о попе Панкрате) |
Director | |
| 1917 | Victoria (Виктория) | Director | |
| 1916 | Miss Peasant
(Барышня - крестьянка) |
Director | co-directed with Vladimir Gardin[4][19] |
References
edit- ^ Voront͡sov, I͡Uriĭ; Rachuk, Igorʹ Antonovich (1980). The Phenomenon of the Soviet Cinema. Progress Publishers. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-7147-1613-8.
- ^ a b c Peter Rollberg (2009). Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema. US: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 542–544. ISBN 978-0-8108-6072-8.
- ^ Smith, Sharon (1975). Women who Make Movies. Hopkinson and Blake. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-911974-09-6.
- ^ a b c Foster, Gwendolyn Audrey; Jacobs, Katrien; Unterburger, Amy L. (1998). Women Filmmakers & Their Films. St. James Press. pp. IX, 338. ISBN 978-1-55862-357-6.
- ^ Hysteria. Hysteria Magazine Collective. 1982. p. 18.
- ^ Ferro, Marc (1988). Cinema and History. Wayne State University Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-8143-1905-5.
- ^ Jay Leyda (1960). Kino: A History of the Russian and Soviet Film. George Allen & Unwin. p. 231.
- ^ a b "A Soviet Silent Film". The New York Times. 19 March 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Ольга Преображенская". Encyclopedia of Native Cinema. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ Horton, Andrew; Brashinsky, Michael (9 March 2021). The Zero Hour: Glasnost and Soviet Cinema in Transition. Princeton University Press. pp. 103, 258. ISBN 978-0-691-22786-3.
- ^ Yulia Shamporova (20 August 2021). "Человек с киноаппаратом: 5 женщин-режиссеров, стоявших у истоков кинематографа" [5 women directors who stood at the dawn of cinematography]. Forbes.
- ^ a b Leyda, Jay (1973). Kino, a History of the Russian and Soviet Film. Collier Books. pp. 419, 428.
- ^ Liehm, Mira; Liehm, Antonín J. (1 January 1980). The Most Important Art: Soviet and Eastern European Film After 1945. University of California Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-520-04128-8.
- ^ Dobrenko, Evgeny (5 March 2008). Stalinist Cinema and the Production of History: Museum of the Revolution. Edinburgh University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-7486-3243-5.
- ^ Motion Picture Review Digest. H.W. Wilson Company. 1936. p. 67.
- ^ Kozlov, Vladimir (1 August 2013). "Russian Culture Ministry to Finance TV Series Based on Classic Novel". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
- ^ Vitale, Serena (18 December 2012). Shklovsky: Witness to an Era. Deep Vellum Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56478-824-5.
- ^ Stites, Richard; Stites, Formerly Professor of History and International Affairs Richard (20 August 1992). Russian Popular Culture: Entertainment and Society Since 1900. Cambridge University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-521-36986-2.
- ^ a b Olsen, Kirstin (1994). Chronology of Women's History. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 200, 224. ISBN 978-0-313-28803-6.
External links
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