Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica, with many synonyms, including Ophrys caucasica, is a subspecies of orchid native from southeast Europe through the Caucasus to Iran. As Ophrys caucasica, it has been recorded in numerous areas throughout Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia.[2][3] Local names include Armenian: Սարդակիր Մեղվակիր, romanized: Sardakir mexvakir, Azerbaijani: xarı-bülbül and Georgian: ფუტკრის-დედა, romanized: put'k'ris-deda.
| Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Genus: | Ophrys |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | O. s. subsp. taurica
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| Trinomial name | |
| Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó ex Niketic & Djordjevic[1]
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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According to the IUCN Red List, the category and status of the species is "Endangered" – EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii).[citation needed]
Description
editDuring various stages of growth, the white petals of Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica turn into pink, where various colors (green, yellow, red, etc.) merge together. There are also patterns on the lip.[4]
Distribution
editOphrys sphegodes subsp. taurica is widely distributed. In southeast Europe, it is found in Albania, Bulgaria, East Thrace, Greece, Crimea, Romania and former Yugoslavia. In Western Asia, it is found in Crete, Cyprus, the East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, the Palestine region and Turkey. It is also native to the North Caucasus and the South Caucasus.[1]
Local etymology
editIn Armenian, its native name (sardakir mexvakir) refers to its primary pollinators, spiders (sard) and bees (mexu) and their food (kir).[citation needed]
Khara in Azerbaijani is a thick and shiny fabric with different patterns that changes its colors when look at from different angles. Because of these characteristics, the plant acquired its Azerbaijani name, which translates as 'khara nightingale'. The spelling of the word khara becomes khari by requirement of the law of harmony in Azerbaijani.[5]
Culture
edit
In 2014, an exhibition titled "Khari bulbul, a flower of peace and love" was organized by the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Azerbaijanis in Russia.[6] In March 2014, a presentation ceremony involving Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica took place in the United States Botanic Garden Conservatory.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó ex Niketic & Djordjevic". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-12-13.
- ^ "Studies on the botanical and ecological aspects of a rare species Ophrys caucasica from Azerbaijan (Orchidaceae)". October 2019. Retrieved 2020-11-12 – via Researchgate.
- ^ "Georgian Biodiversity Database". biodiversity-georgia.net. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
- ^ Huseyinoghlu, Kamil (8 April 2022). ""Xarı bülbül" adının mənası". Axar. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
- ^ "The meaning of the word Khari Bulbul". Karabakh Foundation. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
- ^ "'Khari Bulbul - a flower of peace and love' exhibition due in Moscow". Today.az. 4 August 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
- ^ Rajabova, Sara (19 March 2014). "Karabakh's Khari Bulbul presented in U.S." Azernews. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
External links
edit- Hari bulbul – the flower of peace and love
- The meaning of the word khari bulbul
- Alibeyli, Jamil (Summer 1998). "Susha: Heartbeat of Karabakh". Azerbaijan International. 6 (2): 52–54.