Orange Blossom Special (train)

The Orange Blossom Special was a deluxe passenger train on the Seaboard Air Line Railroad connecting railroads between New York City and Miami in the United States. It ran during the winter season only.

Orange Blossom Special

Postcard depiction of the train circa 1939; the card described the train as the only all-electric New York-Florida train, a reference to its diesel-electric locomotives.
Overview
Service type	Inter-city rail
Status	Discontinued
Locale	Northeastern United States Southeastern United States
First service	November 21, 1925
Last service	1953
Former operator(s)	Seaboard Air Line Railroad
Route
Termini	New York, New York Miami, Florida with alternate sections to St. Petersburg and Venice
Distance travelled	1,388.7 miles (2,234.9 km)
Service frequency	(Seasonal winter train; daily operation during operating season)
Train number(s)	7 (southbound); 8 (northbound)
On-board services
Sleeping arrangements	All Pullman - Open sections, drawing-rooms and compartments (1941)
Catering facilities	Dining car
Observation facilities	Club car and lounge car
Technical
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Route map New York New York New Jersey Manhattan Transfer Newark Trenton New Jersey Pennsylvania North Philadelphia West Philadelphia Pennsylvania Delaware Wilmington Delaware Maryland Baltimore Maryland Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. Virginia Richmond Petersburg Virginia North Carolina North Carolina South Carolina South Carolina Georgia West Savannah Georgia Florida Wildwood Polk City Auburndale Winter Haven West Lake Wales Avon Park Sebring Okeechobee Indiantown West Palm Beach-Palm Beach Lake Worth Delray Fort Lauderdale Hollywood Hialeah Miami

It covered 1,388.7 miles (2,234.9 km) on the Pennsylvania Railroad from New York City to Washington, D.C., the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad from Washington to Richmond, and the Seaboard Air Line Railroad from Richmond via Raleigh, Columbia, and Savannah to Miami. A section also went to Tampa and St. Petersburg.

History

The train started on November 21, 1925, and was the brainchild of SAL president S. Davies Warfield, who wanted to capitalize on booming development in Florida at the time. Warfield believed Florida was a land of opportunity, and with fast, luxurious trains he could lure influential (not to mention wealthy) travelers to the Sunshine State. In February 1926 the train took 35 hours to run from New York to West Palm Beach (Seaboard track did not reach Miami until 1927).

Spurred by the success of Henry Flagler and his rival Florida East Coast Railway in attracting travelers, the Orange Blossom Special became famous in its own right.

It was renowned for its speed and luxury. E. M. Frimbo, "The World's Greatest Railway Buff", offered this account of a dining car chef who had worked aboard the train:

Our chef...spent nine of his forty-three years with the Pennsylvania Railroad as chef on the celebrated all-Pullman New York-to-Florida train the Orange Blossom Special—the most luxurious winter-season train ever devised by man. Nothing even remotely resembling a can opener was allowed on the premises. All the pies, cakes, rolls, birthday cakes were baked on board under his supervision. Cut flowers and fresh fish were taken on at every revictualing stop, and the train carried thirty-five hundred dollars' worth of wine, liquor and champagne—these at pre-Prohibition prices—for each run.

The service was suspended during World War II to free the equipment up for carrying troops. Its last run was in 1953. This west Florida market is now handled by Amtrak's Silver Star.

In early 2012, a similar locomotive painted to resemble a locomotive of the time and lettered Orange Blossom Special was moved in from its longtime display location at the Church Street Station in Orlando, Florida, to the Florida Railroad Museum in nearby Tampa. Plans are for a multi-year restoration to active status for eventual excursion service.

The train and the song

Arrival of the Orange Blossom Special, December 1938 in Plant City, Florida.

It happened during the maiden run of the new streamlined train at the Jacksonville Seaboard Railroad Station that Ervin T. Rouse and Robert Russell "Chubby" Wise saw this train. Rouse and Wise wrote the Orange Blossom Special song as a fiddle tune. The tune was first recorded by Ervin and his brother Gordon one year later in New York. Bill Monroe recorded Rouse's and Wise's tune in 1942 (with Art Wooten on fiddle) and popularized the tune. Johnny Cash named his 1965 album after the song. The song was also recorded by Bill Ramsey and Don Paulin.

This popular tale explains the fascination which led Ervin Rouse and Robert "Chubby" Wise to write the now famous fiddle tune. However, historically the Blossom was never "streamlined" and used Pullman heavyweight sleepers, diners, and some coaches of the winter Tampa run. The Blossom may have used some lightweight cars sporadically in mixed consist with the Pennsylvania Railroad which hauled the Blossom in the Northeast Corridor. If Rouse and Wise did see a streamlined Seaboard train in 1938, it was most likely the Silver Meteor which was streamlined with its stainless steel coaches. The name of this train was chosen by a public contest. The Seaboard's lightweight trains later became known as the Silver Fleet. This included the Silver Meteor, the Silver Star and the Silver Comet. The train did receive modern EMC E4 diesel locomotives in 1938, but continued using heavyweight Pullmans and coaches until its demise in 1953. It is also possible the songwriters saw one of the Twin Cities Zephyrs at the Jacksonville railroad station in 1935. The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad brought the train to Florida at the invitation of the Seaboard Railroad. It toured the state, making stops in both east and west coast Florida cities, where the public was able to both view and tour the Zephyr; Jacksonville was one of the stops on its Florida tour.

Accident

On January 11, 1949 at Bay Lake, Florida, the Orange Blossom Special had an overheated bearing on a traction motor on the Diesel locomotive, which seized up and caused a derailment. There was one death and 76 injured. Twenty days later at Rock, Michigan, a similar accident would happen on the Peninsula 400, which also had an overheated bearing on a failed traction motor that caused a derailment. There was one death and 15 injured.

Further reading

• Carter, Betsy (2006). The Orange Blossom Special. New York: Dell. ISBN 0-385-33976-3.
• Noles, Randy (2007). Fiddler's Curse: The Untold Story of Ervin T. Rouse, Chubby Wise, Johnny Cash, and The Orange Blossom Special. Anaheim Hills, CA: Centerstream. ISBN 978-1-57424-214-0.

External links

• Shrady, Theodore and Waldrop, Arthur M.: Orange Blossom Special: The Story of Florida's Distinguished Winter Train. (Valrico, FL: Atlantic Coast Line and Seaboard Air Line Railroads Historical Society, Inc., 1996). ISBN 0-9650359-0-5
• Whitaker, Rogers E. M. and Hiss, Tony: All Aboard With E. M. Frimbo (Kodansha International, 1997). ISBN 1-56836-114-9
• Orange Blossom Special lyrics, song history, free download & fiddle tab links
• 1941 schedule