The Order of Zolfaghar (Persian: نشان ذوالفقار, Neshan-e Zolfaghar) is the highest military honour of Iran. It was established in 1856 as the Decoration of the Commander of the Faithful, by Naser al-Din Shah. It was given its current name in 1925, by Reza Shah. It is the pinnacle of the imperial honours system, limited to the sovereign and those who had performed outstanding acts of patriotism on behalf of Persia and Iran.
| Order of Zolfaghar | |
|---|---|
 The Star and Ribbon of the Islamic Republic | |
Awarded by  Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Armed Forces | |
| Type | Chivalric and dynastic order |
| Royal house | House of Pahlavi (formerly) |
| Ribbon | IRIA Zolfaghar Ribbon |
| Supreme Leader | Sayyid Ali Khamenei |
| Grades | Knight Grand Officer Knight Officer Knight |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | None (highest) |
| Next (lower) | Order of Fath |
 ribbon of the Islamic Republic _Ribbon_Bar_-_Imperial_Iran.svg){kind=small} ribbon of Imperial Persia & Iran | |
History
editA military order of Imperial Persia and Iran was named after Zulfiqar, the two-pointed sword of Ali, the son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded as the Decoration of the Commander of the Faithful by Naser al-Din Shah Qajar in 1856, to commemorate the recapture of Herat. Reza Shah, the penultimate Shah of Iran, renamed it the Order of Zolfaghar in 1925 and made it an exclusively military order.
The original Star of the Order comprised an enameled five-pointed star, with an inscription representing the Imam Ali on a red boss in the center, mounted over two crossed curved Zolfaghar swords and a sunburst of rays, as seen in the traditional Lion and Sun symbol.
The Star of the Islamic Republic is larger, simpler and more stylised, comprising a golden eight-pointed star within a silver eight-pointed star; stylised inscriptions on the stars provide decoration and contrast.
The Order of Zolfaghar consists of three classes:
- 1st Class: worn with a badge and a sash
- 2nd Class: worn with a collar, as a neck-order
- 3rd Class: worn as a medal.
It was revived in 2019 when Major General Qasem Soleimani received the decoration, the first time it had been awarded since 1979.[1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "General Soleimani receives Iran's highest Medal of Honor". Tehran Times. March 11, 2019.