Ornidazole is an antibiotic used to treat protozoan infections.[1]: 1368 A synthetic nitroimidazole, it is commercially obtained from an acid-catalyzed reaction between 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and epichlorohydrin. [2] Ornidazole is nothing but chloro-secnidazole.
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| Trade names | Xynor |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Via liver[1]: 1356 |
| Elimination half-life | 12-13 hours[1]: 1356 |
| Excretion | Urine (63%) and Feces (22%) |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.037.099 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C7H10ClN3O3 |
| Molar mass | 219.63 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Antimicrobial spectrum is similar to that of metronidazole and is more well tolerated;[1]: 1368 however there are concerns of lower relative efficacy.[3]
It was first introduced for treating trichomoniasis before being recognized for its broad anti-protozoan and anti-anaerobic-bacterial capacities.[4]: 1261 has also been investigated for use in Crohn's disease after bowel resection.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Kuhlmann FM, Fleckenstein JM (2017-01-01). "157 - Antiparasitic Agents". In Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM (eds.). Infectious Diseases (Fourth ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1345–1372.e2. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-6285-8.00157-X. ISBN 978-0-7020-6285-8.
- ^ Sharma S, Anand N (January 1997). "Chapter 17 - Nitroheterocycles". In Sharma S, Anand N (eds.). Pharmacochemistry Library. Approaches to Design and Synthesis of Antiparasitic Drugs. Vol. 25. Elsevier. p. 428. doi:10.1016/S0165-7208(97)80039-6. ISBN 9780444894762.
- ^ Nagel JL, Aronoff DM (January 2015). "28 - Metronidazole". In Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ (eds.). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases (Eighth ed.). Content Repository Only!. p. 356. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.
- ^ Wilcox MH (January 2017), "147 - Nitroimidazoles, Metronidazole, Ornidazole and Tinidazole; and Fidaxomicin", in Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM (eds.), Infectious Diseases (Fourth ed.), Elsevier, pp. 1261–1263.e1, ISBN 978-0-7020-6285-8
- ^ Rutgeerts P, Van Assche G, Vermeire S, D'Haens G, Baert F, Noman M, et al. (April 2005). "Ornidazole for prophylaxis of postoperative Crohn's disease recurrence: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Gastroenterology. 128 (4): 856–861. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.01.010. PMID 15825069.
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