Ove Gjedde[a] (27 December 1594 – 19 December 1660) was a Danish nobleman and Admiral of the Realm (Danish: Rigsadmiral). He established the Danish colony at Tranquebar (Danish: Trankebar) and constructed Fort Dansborg as the base for the Danish settlement. He was a member of the interim government that followed the death of King Christian IV, which imposed restrictions by the Haandfæstning on his successor King Frederick III.[1]
Ove Gjedde | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Admiral of the Realm Ove Gjedde, by Karel van Mander III | |
| 1st Governor of Tranquebar | |
| In office 11 October 1620 – 13 February 1621 | |
| Monarch | Christian IV |
| Preceded by | none |
| Succeeded by | Roland Crappé |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 27 December 1594 Tomarps Kungsgård Castle, Scania |
| Died | 19 December 1660 (aged 65) Copenhagen |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Spouse | Dorothy Knudsdatter Urne |
| Children | Knud Ovessøn Gjedde (see § Personal life) |
| Parent(s) | Brostrup Giedde Dorthe Pallesdatter Ulfeldt |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Denmark-Norway 1616–1645 |
| Rank | Admiral Lieutenant Colonel |
| Battles/wars | |
Early years
edit
Gjedde was born at Tomarps (Swedish: Tomarps Kungsgård) at Åstorp in Scania.[2] He was the son of Brostrup Gjedde and Dorthe Pallesdatter Ulfeldt and studied at Sorø Academy. He completed a tour of Germany and the Netherlands, returning in 1616 when he was appointed secretary of the Danish Chancellery.[3][4]
Career
editIn March 1618, Gjedde commanded an expedition to India and Ceylon to establish a Danish colony that could be used as a base for the China and East Indies trade of the Danish East India Company. His fleet consisted of the Danish naval ships Elefanten and David, the yacht Øresund, and the merchant ships Kiøbenhavn and Christian.[5] He established Fort Dansborg at Tranquebar in 1620,[6] which would remain a Danish colony for 200 years. Gjedde returned in March 1622 and was appointed lord of Brunla len (now in Akershus). In 1637, he received Tønsberg len (now Vestfold).[7]
Gjedde acquired land properties in Norway, was a central participant in the mining industry, and also became a partner in the silver mining venture of Kongsberg Sølvverk, which was founded in 1623 and formally established by royal resolution in the spring of 1624 when king Christian IV himself came to inspect the newly discovered silver deposits in Sandsvær. When the silver mine company was transformed into a private partnership in 1628, Ove Gjedde got a 25% share and from 1630 he was its director. In 1657, he established the iron foundry Ulefos Jernværk at Ulefoss in Nome, together with his brother in law Preben von Ahnen.[7]
In 1628, he was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of Akershus Regiment. He participated in the Torstenson War (1643–1645) as an admiral and in 1645 he was made Admiral of the Realm (Rigsadmiral). In 1648 he was granted the fiefdom of Helsingborg Castle.[8]
Later years
editAfter the peace in Roskilde, Denmark lost Scania to Sweden. When king Charles X Gustav of Sweden broke the peace of 1658, Ove Gjedde was taken prisoner, during a visit to Helsingborg. He was first sent to prison in Helsingborg castle and later sent to Malmö. In 1660 he was released during prisoner exchanges between Sweden and Denmark. At the time Gjedde was an old and physically weak man, but although he had already commissioned a grave monument in Helsingborg, because this had now become Swedish, when he died he was buried in the crypt of Roskilde Cathedral. The legend says that, "His bones after the Roskilde peace never found rest, after Scania became Swedish" (Danish: hans ben efter Roskildefreden fandt aldrig hvile, efter Skåne var blevet svensk). Gjedde died at Copenhagen in 1660.[3]
Personal life
editIn 1622, Gjedde married Dorothy Knudsdatter Urne (1600-1667), daughter of Knud Axelsen Urne til Årsmarke (1564–1622) and Margrethe Eilersdatter Grubbe til Alslev (1568–1654). His wife was a sister of Christoffer Urne (1593–1663) who served as Steward of Norway. They were the parents of several children including Knud Ovessøn Gjedde and Brostrup Gjedde both of whom served as County governors in Norway.[7][9][10]
- Dorte Gjedde (1625-?) - daughter
- Brostrup Gjedde (1628–1668) - son
- Margrethe Gjedde (16??-1706) - daughter
- Merete Gjedde (16??-1689) - daughter
- Regitze Sophie Gjedde (1634-1653) - daughter
- Knud Ovessøn Gjedde (1635-1708) - son
- Frederick Eiler Gjedde (1641-1717) - son
See also
edit- Danish India – Former settlements and trading posts of Denmark and Norway on the Indian subcontinent
- Roland Crappé – Dutch general and commander serving the Danish East India Company (17th century)
- Christian IV of Denmark – King of Denmark and Norway from 1588 to 1648
- Jens Munk – Danish navigator and explorer
- Danish East India Company – Defunct Danish trading company
Notes
edit- ^ Also spelled Ove Gedde and Ove Giedde
References
edit- ^ "Haandfæstning". guideservicedanmark.dk. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
- ^ "Historia". Tomarps Kungsgård. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
- ^ a b Jørgen Marcussen. Ove Gjedde - Admiral, 1594-1660 (in Danish)
- ^ Erik Opsahl. "Ove Gjedde". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
- ^ Charukesi Ramadurai. Trankebar
- ^ Datta, Rangan (15 June 2022). "Tranquebar — A piece of Denmark on the coast of the Bay of Bengal". The Telegraph. My Kolkata. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ^ a b c Rian, Øystein. "Ove Gjedde". In Helle, Knut (ed.). Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
- ^ Th. Topsøe-Jensen. "Ove Gjedde". Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, Gyldendal. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
- ^ "Gedde" (in Danish). RoskildeHistorie.dk. Retrieved 2018-12-05.
- ^ Ranveig Gausdal. "Christoffer Urne". Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
External links
edit- Ove Gjedde Trankebar Net
- Om Ove Gieddes ekspedition til Ceylon og Tranquebar 1618–1622 Danmarks Historien