Oxytocin/neurophysin i prepropeptide

Oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXT gene.

OXT
Identifiers
Aliases	OXT, OT, OT-NPI, OXT-NPI, oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide
External IDs	OMIM: 167050; MGI: 97453; HomoloGene: 55494; GeneCards: OXT; OMA:OXT - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human) Band 20p13 Start 3,071,620 bp End 3,072,517 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) Band 2 F1|2 63.24 cM Start 130,418,093 bp End 130,418,974 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in oocyte testicle hypothalamus gonad right lobe of liver secondary oocyte decidua anterior pituitary subcutaneous adipose tissue right adrenal gland Top expressed in paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus supraoptic nucleus arcuate nucleus tibiofemoral joint nucleus of stria terminalis right ventricle median eminence gastrula neck lateral hypothalamus More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function oxytocin receptor binding hormone activity neurohypophyseal hormone activity neuropeptide hormone activity Cellular component terminal bouton extracellular region cytoplasm secretory granule extracellular space Biological process response to amphetamine regulation of digestive system process ejaculation positive regulation of hindgut contraction female pregnancy positive regulation of penile erection response to steroid hormone signal transduction response to activity regulation of heart rate response to sucrose positive regulation of ossification positive regulation of synapse assembly drinking behavior hyperosmotic salinity response male mating behavior positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration response to estradiol regulation of sensory perception of pain response to cAMP response to cocaine response to progesterone positive regulation of blood pressure heart development negative regulation of urine volume response to organic cyclic compound negative regulation of gastric acid secretion positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion response to peptide hormone maternal behavior negative regulation of blood pressure memory positive regulation of norepinephrine secretion social behavior response to glucocorticoid grooming behavior response to prostaglandin E eating behavior response to ether positive regulation of female receptivity sleep maternal aggressive behavior positive regulation of synaptic transmission response to electrical stimulus positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction response to food response to retinoic acid positive regulation of renal sodium excretion regulation of signaling receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5020 18429 Ensembl ENSG00000101405 ENSMUSG00000027301 UniProt P01178 P35454 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000915 NM_011025 RefSeq (protein) NP_000906 NP_035155 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 3.07 – 3.07 Mb Chr 2: 130.42 – 130.42 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

This gene encodes a precursor protein that is processed to produce oxytocin and neurophysin I. Oxytocin is a posterior pituitary hormone that is synthesized as an inactive precursor in the hypothalamus along with its carrier protein neurophysin I. Together with neurophysin, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis, where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. The precursor seems to be activated while it is being transported along the axon to the posterior pituitary. This hormone contracts smooth muscle during parturition and lactation. It is also involved in cognition, tolerance, adaptation, and complex sexual and maternal behavior, as well as in the regulation of water excretion and cardiovascular functions. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013].

Further reading

• Comings DE, Gade-Andavolu R, Gonzalez N, Wu S, Muhleman D, Blake H, Mann MB, Dietz G, Saucier G, MacMurray JP (November 2000). "A multivariate analysis of 59 candidate genes in personality traits: the temperament and character inventory". Clin. Genet. 58 (5): 375–85. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.580508.x. PMID 11140838. S2CID 14733771.
• Petersson M, Lagumdzija A, Stark A, Bucht E (June 2002). "Oxytocin stimulates proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells". Peptides. 23 (6): 1121–6. doi:10.1016/s0196-9781(02)00041-4. PMID 12126740. S2CID 29063450.
• Turner RA, Altemus M, Yip DN, Kupferman E, Fletcher D, Bostrom A, Lyons DM, Amico JA (December 2002). "Effects of emotion on oxytocin, prolactin, and ACTH in women". Stress. 5 (4): 269–76. doi:10.1080/1025389021000037586. PMID 12475731. S2CID 35993338.
• Evans JJ, Reid RA, Wakeman SA, Croft LB, Benny PS (July 2003). "Evidence that oxytocin is a physiological component of LH regulation in non-pregnant women". Hum. Reprod. 18 (7): 1428–31. doi:10.1093/humrep/deg291. PMID 12832367.
• Filippi S, Vignozzi L, Vannelli GB, Ledda F, Forti G, Maggi M (2003). "Role of oxytocin in the ejaculatory process". J. Endocrinol. Invest. 26 (3 Suppl): 82–6. PMID 12834028.
• Blanks AM, Vatish M, Allen MJ, Ladds G, de Wit NC, Slater DM, Thornton S (July 2003). "Paracrine oxytocin and estradiol demonstrate a spatial increase in human intrauterine tissues with labor". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88 (7): 3392–400. doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021212. PMID 12843193.
• Cassoni P, Sapino A, Marrocco T, Chini B, Bussolati G (April 2004). "Oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in cancer cells and proliferation". J. Neuroendocrinol. 16 (4): 362–4. doi:10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01165.x. PMID 15089975. S2CID 41886485.
• Monstein HJ, Grahn N, Truedsson M, Ohlsson B (June 2004). "Oxytocin and oxytocin-receptor mRNA expression in the human gastrointestinal tract: a polymerase chain reaction study". Regul. Pept. 119 (1–2): 39–44. doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2003.12.017. PMID 15093695. S2CID 12491899.
• Ohlsson B, Truedsson M, Djerf P, Sundler F (July 2006). "Oxytocin is expressed throughout the human gastrointestinal tract". Regul. Pept. 135 (1–2): 7–11. doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2006.03.008. PMID 16678285. S2CID 18895645.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.