This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
Pão-por-Deus (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɐ̃w puɾ ˈðewʃ], "Bread for God") is the Portuguese tradition of souling celebrated all over Portugal, named for the soulmass-cakes given to the poor on All Saints' Day, typically by children and youth.[1][2] Names for the custom vary through different regions of the country, for instance, around Leiria it is known as "Dia do Bolinho" ("Cookie Day").
Origins
editThere are records of the day of Pão-de-Deus in the 15th century.[3] On 1 November 1755 in Lisbon, after the vast majority of the city's residents lost everything to the Great Lisbon earthquake the survivors had to ask for this bread in the neighbouring towns.
Customs
editFrom early in the morning (8 or 9 am) children meet together and walk around the neighborhood, knock at all doors and local stores and say "Pão-por-Deus" to the adults they meet.
People at home give them small gifts such as broas (small bread-like cakes flavored heavily with anise and nuts), chocolates, candy, nuts, fruit, or in some cases, money.[4]
At the local stores, the offers are different. A store may give the children treats or a sample of a product they sell: bakers give a little bread, fruit stalls give some chestnuts, and so on.
In the Azores, the children are given a cake called "caspiada" during this ritual begging. The cakes have the shape of the top of a skull.[5]
The Pão-de-Deus or Santoro is the bread, or offering, that is given to the dead, the Molete or Samagaio (also called sabatina, raiva da criança (child's rage)) is the bread, or offering, that is given when a child is born.[6][7]
Rhyme
edit
Candy is given:
If no candy is given:
If they are not satisfied they say
Azores version
When the begging is unfruitful:
|
| [8] |
Se dão doces:
Se não dão doces:
Se não ficarem satisfeitos dizem:
Versão dos Açores
Quando o peditório é infructuoso:
|
| [9] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Guillain, Charlotte (2014). Portugal. Capstone.
- ^ Vieira, Antonio.Portuguese & English
- ^ Elucidario das palavras, termos e frases, que em Portugal antigamente se usaram ..., Volume 1
- ^ Tobias, George (3 November 2008). "Lajes Airmen share Halloween tradition". Lajes Field. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
- ^ Intermuseus Dezembro 2006 nº 7Direcção Regional da Cultura Archived 2008-03-11 at the Portuguese Web Archive
- ^ Vir à luz —práticas e crenças associadas ao nascimento António Amaro das Neves Revista de Guimarães, n.º 104, 1994, pp. 51-81
- ^ [Actas / International Colloquium on Luso-Brazilian Studies - Volume 1 - Página 162]
- ^ A canção ródia da andorinha
- ^ A canção ródia da andorinha