Pētersons (feminine: Pētersone) may refer to:
- Alexander Petersson (Aleksandrs Pētersons; born 1980), an Icelandic handball player
- Ēriks Pētersons (1909–1987), a Latvian footballer and hockey player
- Karina Pētersone (born 1954), a Latvian politician
- Pēteris Pētersons (1923–1998), Latvian playwright, theatre director, journalist and social activist