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Paite is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Paite people. There are different Paite dialects; some notable Paite dialects are Bukpi, Lousau, Valpau, Dapzal, Tuichiap, Sukte, Dim, Lamzang and Sihzang. The language exhibits mutual intelligibility with the other languages of the region including Thadou, Hmar, Vaiphei, Simte, Kom, Gangte and other languages.[3] The name Paite could translate to 'the people who went', 'a group of people marching'. Paite refers to a group of people who enter today Manipur and Mizoram (India) crossing the run river (a river separating the two countries of India and Burma) during the pre colonial era, so the word Paite itself means "those who went out".... It is fairly necessary to note that there are amongst those group of people who do not leave today Burma and still settle there. They cannot be called Paite since they do not leave or set out, So to put an umbrella term on all the ethnic groups between two international countries the word "Zomi" is unifiedly used. They are a part of the Chin/Kuki/Mizo/Zomi (CHIKIMZO) [4]
| Paite | |
|---|---|
| Paite | |
| Native to | India, Myanmar |
| Region | Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Chin State |
| Ethnicity | Paite/ Paite te |
Native speakers | 1,00,000+[1][2] |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pck |
| Glottolog | pait1244 |
| ELP | Paite Chin |
The Paites in India have shaped and influence many languages and words used in Mizo/Duhlian/lusei language (Official language of Mizoram state) this is because the Mizo royal clan namely the Sailo clan are their descent. So the Sailo clan being Paite descent which through them shape the Mizo society to what it is today in culture, music, weaving patters, words similarity in languages and religion, superstition etc. all this during the Sailo reigning period. Another credit goes to major tribes like the Hmar, lai, lusei, etc.
Sample text
editThe following is a sample text in Paite of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
| Paite pau | English |
|---|---|
| Mi tengteng zalen a piang ihi ua, zah-omna leh dikna tanvou ah kibangvek ihi. Sia leh pha theihna pilna nei a siam I hih ziak un I mihinpihte tungah unauna lungsim feltak I put ngai ahi. | All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.[5] |
There are two major dialects of Paite spoken in Manipur: Lamjang and Dapjal; and 4 minor dialects which are Songtal, Bukpi, Lousau & Kangkap. [6]
Education and Academic
editPaite language can now be taken up as one of the MIL subjects offered in the Three-Year Degree course in Manipur University. The Academic Council of the university in its meeting held on April 22, 2004 gave its approval for the inclusion of Paite as one of the MIL subjects after considering recommendation by the Board of Studies of the School of Humanities, and also in recognition of the richness of the language and its literature including creative writing.[7][better source needed][verification needed]
References
edit- ^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ "Religion Data of Census 2011: XXXI Mizoram Manipur and Nagaland".
- ^ Singh, Chungkham Yashawanta (1995). "The linguistic situation in Manipur" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 18 (1): 129–134. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
- ^ "Who are Paites?". Paite Nampuan | www.paite.org. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ "Universal Declaration of Human Rights". www.un.org. 6 October 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ Singh, Naorem Saratchandra Singh (2006). A Grammar of Paite. Mittal Publications. p. xviii. ISBN 978-8183240680. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
- ^ "Paite in MIL list : 06th may04 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". www.e-pao.net. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
Further reading
edit
- Muivah, Esther T. 1993. English-Paite dictionary. Lamka, Manipur: Paite Tribe Council.
- Tualkhothang, Naulak. 2003. English-Paite dictionary. Lamka, Manipur: The Tualkhothang Naulak Memorial Trust.
- Tawmbing, Chinzam. 2014. English-Paite dictionary. Lamka, Manipur: Hornbill Publication.
- Paite Tribe Council. 2013. Paite customary law & practices / Paite pupa ngeina dan leh a kizatnate. Lamka, Manipur: Paite Tribe Council.
- Thuamkhopau, T. 2009. Paite paunaak leh pau upate. Manipur: Tribal Research Institute.
- https://www.paite.org