Gorum, or Parengi, is a nearly-extinct minor Munda language of India.
| Gorum | |
|---|---|
| Parengi | |
| ଗୋରୁମ୍ | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Odisha, Andhra Pradesh |
| Ethnicity | 9,445 in Odisha (2011 census)[1] |
Native speakers | 20 (2011)[2] |
Austroasiatic
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pcj |
| Glottolog | pare1266 |
| ELP | Gorum |
Names
editThe name Gorum most likely comes from an animal/people prefix go- and root -rum meaning 'people', and is possibly related to the ethnonym Remo (Anderson 2008:381).
Parengi, or Parenga, is of obscure origin.
Status
editGorum is 60 percent endangered and may soon become extinct. Few people under the age of thirty years can understand the language, while those who do know it are likely to deny knowing it.[3] This language seems to have been first researched in 1933.[4]
Origins
editGorum is a member of the Munda family, as shown by the glottal consonants that are used in creaky voice. However, it has borrowed some elements from nearby Dravidian languages, such as doubly inflected AVC structures.[5]
Distribution
editGorum speakers are located in the following areas of eastern India (Anderson 2008:381).
- Koraput district, Odisha: the former Nandapur and Pottangi taluks
- Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh: Munchingput block
Gutob is spoken to the north of Gorum, and Gta to the west of Gorum.
References
edit- ^ Parenga at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
- ^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
- ^ http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/4953 Endangered Language Project
- ^ Sitapati, G.V. 1933. "Pareng." A Miscellany of Papers Presented to Rao Sahib Mahopadhyaya Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthi. Madras. 145-65
- ^ Anderson, Gregory D.S. & Felix Rau. 2008. “Gorum.” In: Gregory D.S. Anderson
- Anderson, Gregory D.S (ed). 2008. The Munda languages. Routledge Language Family Series 3.New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-32890-X.
External links
edit- Endangered Language Project Database
- World Language Movies
- Opino Gomango on Sora language
- Bibliography on the Gorum language
- Gorum Dictionary