Parkfield Colliery, near Pucklechurch, South Gloucestershire, was sunk in 1851 under the ownership of Handel Cossham. Coal was reached in 1853. The shaft was 840 ft deep, but only the upper series of coal veins were worked. These were the Hard, the Top, the Hollybush and Great veins.[1] The quality of the coal mined was extremely good, and was used for gas manufacture and house coal.
Handel Cossham died in 1890 and the pit was put up for sale. (Along with other pits he owned at Deep Pit, South Pit and Speedwell.) It was purchased by Bristol United Collieries, owners of Dean Lane, Easton, Hanham, Pennywell Road and Whitehall collieries. They formed a new company to manage their assets called The Bedminster, Easton, Kingswood and Parkfield Collieries Ltd.[2]
A survey of Parkfield Colliery at the time of sale noted that it had two horizontal direct-acting steam winding engines each with 28in cylinders, a 4 ft stroke and a drum 15 ft in diameter. These had been made by Teague & Chew of Cinderford in the Forest of Dean. There were two 38 ft high headgears, each with 2 pulley wheels of 15 ft diameter. Steam was provided by four Lancashire boilers which measured 27 ft by 7 ft. A ventilating fan measured 18 ft by 7 ft and was driven by a pair of horizontal engines which had 14in cylinders and a 16in stroke. A Cornish pumping engine had a 54in cylinder and a 7 ft stroke and was powered by two Lancashire boilers.
The pit had an endless haulage system comprising a beam engine and two galvanized ropes, each 990 ft in length. Underground there were 3 engines for haulage, 5250 ft of single T-headed rails, 4350 ft of bridge rails and 5400 ft of tram bridge rails.
The 1896 'List of Mines worked under the Coal Mines Regulation Act', states that the colliery employed 292 people underground, and 49 on the surface. The manager was J.T. Onions and the under-manager was John Bullough.
In 1914 Parkfield was bought by Sir Frank Beauchamp, owner of a number of collieries in the Radstock area, and another company, the East Bristol Collieries Ltd. was formed.
By 1936 flooding was becoming problematic and, combined with increasing pumping costs and decreasing coal reserves, the pit became uneconomic. It closed on 15 August of that year.[3]
Brandy Bottom Colliery which used steam powered machinery in the 19th century has been scheduled as an ancient monument.[4]
References
edit- ^ "Pucklechurch News Talks to Roy Wiltshire". Pucklechurch. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ "Bedminster, Easton, Kingswood and Parkfield Collieries". Grace's Guide. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ Penny, John (Summer 2001). "King Coal's Final Victim A reconstruction of the events surrounding the last fatal accident in a Bristol colliery – August 1932" (PDF). Regional Historian (7).
- ^ "Brandy Bottom Colliery, part of Parkfield Colliery". National heritage List for England. Historic England. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
Walking the Dramway by Peter Lawson.
The Bristol Coalfield by John Cornwell.
“1896 List of Mines worked under the Coal Mines Regulation Act”
“documents held at the Bristol Record Office”