The Parthian War may refer to:
- The Seleucid–Parthian Wars (238–129 BC)
- The Armenian–Parthian War (87–85 BC)
- The Roman–Parthian Wars, including:
- Antony's Atropatene campaign or the Roman–Parthian War (40–33 BC)
- The Roman–Parthian War of 58–63
- Trajan's Parthian campaign (114–117)
- The Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 or the Parthian War of Lucius Verus
- The Parthian war of Caracalla (216–217)