Peanut or Peanuts is the nickname of:

  • Chiang Kai-shek (1887–1975), derisively called "Peanut" by U.S. Army General Joseph Stilwell
  • Nick "Peanut" Baines (born 1978), English rock keyboardist
  • Jim Davenport (1933–2016), American Major League Baseball player and coach
  • Peanut Louie Harper (born 1960), American retired tennis player
  • Peanuts Holland (1910–1979), American jazz trumpeter
  • Peanuts Hucko (1918–2003), American jazz clarinetist
  • Mamie Johnson (1935–2017), American baseball player, first female pitcher in the Negro leagues
  • Erv Kantlehner (1892–1990), American Major League Baseball pitcher nicknamed "Peanuts"
  • Paul Lehner (1920–1967), American Major League Baseball player, nicknamed "Peanuts"
  • Peanuts Lowrey (1917–1986), American Major League Baseball player
  • Peanuts O'Flaherty (1918–2008), Canadian National Hockey League player
  • Ed Pinnance (1879–1944), Canadian Major League Baseball pitcher in 1903, nicknamed "Peanuts"
  • Charles Tillman (born 1981), American National Football League player