Wikipedia

Penang Transport Master Plan

The Penang Transport Master Plan was drawn up to address the deteriorating traffic conditions in Penang and is projected to cost RM46 billion.[1][2][3]

History

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Penang is located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia and consists of Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. With a population density in 2018 of 1,684/km2 (4,360/sq mi) it has among the highest population densities in Malaysia and is one of the country's most urbanised states.[4] Seberang Perai is Malaysia's second largest city by population.[5] It has a relatively small area for development and has a high level of vehicle ownership which exacerbates the traffic conditions. It has been estimated by Anak Pinang (Children of Penang) that the average evening rush hour speeds in George Town were below 20kmph.[6] In response to this, when the then newly elected Pakatan Rakyat took over Penang's administration in 2009, a plan was developed to alleviate these problems. PTMP was part of the 4th pillar of the Penang2030 development vision, which talks to investing in the built environment.[7]

In 2011, the Penang Transport Council (PTC) was formed.[8]

In April 2011, the state government along with the Northern Corridor Implementation Agency appointed AJC Planning Consultants Sdn Bhd, Halcrow and the Singapore Cruise Centre to carry out the Penang Transport Master Plan Study.

In October 2012, four reports were submitted to the state government

  • Public Transport Approach - proposed a transport network that included setting up hubs and park & ride stations, as well as a more comprehensive bus network, a bus rapid transit, trams and light rail transit (LRT).
  • Highway-based Strategies - looked into how to improve the roads, the network and associated items that would support and complement the Public Transport Approach.
  • Accessibility Report - argued that public transport would need to have accessibility in both urban and rural areas.
  • Institutional Reforms - proposed policies and directions that could be led by the state government to implement transport strategies and policies.

In 2013, the Halcrow study was adopted by the Penang state government and a preliminary agreement was signed with Zenith Corporation.[8]

In 2014, the Penang state government set out a request for proposal (RFP).[8]

In August 2015, then Penang Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng announced that the SRS Consortium would be the project delivery partner (PDP) for the PTMP and had an estimated cost of about RM27 billion.[9]

In July 2020, the Penang state government created the Penang Infrastructure Corporation Sdn Bhd, a special purpose vehicle which would lead the implementation of the PTMP. The board of directors would include Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow, Penang State Secretary Datuk Abdul Razak Jaafar, and state Public Works, Utilities and Flood Mitigation Committee chairman Zairil Khir Johari.[10]

Some RM100mil was allocated by the Pakatan Harapan government during Budget 2020 last October for the proposed Penang Hill cable car project.

In early June, the Federal Government announced it had cancelled funding for PTMP after Perikatan Nasional took over the Government.[3]

On 20 June 2020, State Works Committee chairman Zairil Khir Johari said that Penang would forge ahead with projects under the RM46bil Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) even if funding from the Federal Government was not forthcoming.[3]

On 1 July 2020, it was announced that Gamuda Bhd would be the project delivery partner (PDP) for the PTMP via its subsidiary SRS Consortium Sdn Bhd. The agreement includes the Bayan Lepas Light Rail Transit (LRT) project, Pan Island Link 1 and 2A Expressway (PIL 1 and PIL 2A), and the Penang South Reclamation (PSR) project.[11][12][13]

Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow said it would consider issuing its own bonds for the PSR project and that it would not need the federal to approve such a move.[14] However, the President of the Consumers Association of Penang, Mohideen Abdul Kader, argued that the state government would be required to seek the federal government approval to pay for the PSR.[15]

Elements of the Master Plan

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Penang has a small area for development and has a high level of vehicle ownership which exacerbates the traffic conditions. The Penang Transport Master Plan was drawn up by the Penang state government to address these issues by encouraging greater use of public transport through more rail-based systems throughout Penang at a cost of RM46 billion.[1][2][3]

In order to finance the project, the state government would build 3 small islands to the south of the main Penang island via land reclamation, reaching the size of 1,738ha.[6]

The Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) will involve several components

Currently, the Light Rapid Transit line between George Town and the Penang International Airport, also known as the Bayan Lepas LRT line, is being allocated the top priority by the Penang state government.[22][23][24] In April 2019, the LRT project was received conditional approval from the federal government. Construction is expected to start in June 2020.[25]

Ayer Itam line

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Ayer Itam line
 
Overview
StatusProposed
OwnerMass Rapid Transit Corporation
LocalePenang
Termini
Stations13
Websitepenanginfra.com
Service
TypeLight rapid transit or monorail
Depot(s)Unknown
History
Planned openingTo be announced
Technical
Line length13 km (8.1 mi)
CharacterAt-grade and elevated
Track gaugeUnknown

The Ayer Itam line is a proposed monorail line system in Penang. The 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) line is planned to connect George Town's city centre with its western suburbs of Ayer Itam and Paya Terubong, containing 13 stations. The line is a secondary component of the ongoing Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP), and once constructed is planned to contain interchange stations towards the Mutiara line and Tanjong Tokong line.[26]

As early as 2002, the Penang state government proposed a monorail line from George Town's city centre (Komtar) towards Ayer Itam, although its actual alignment was never released.[27][28] The project was ultimately cancelled in 2008.[29]

In early-2016, the line was revived under an entirely redesigned alignment, extending further south of Penang Island towards Paya Terubong.[30] The line was planned to be part of the second phase of the Penang Transport Master Plan, and is to be built after the completion of the Mutiara line.[31] The line is scheduled for opening by 2045.[32]

Stations

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There are 13 stations over the 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) route of the Ayer Itam line. The line's eastern terminus is located at Komtar, while its western terminus is located at Majestic Heights.[33]

Criticisms

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Since its inception, the PTMP has faced opposition from special interest groups. Critics argued that the original Halcrow proposal prioritised public transport infrastructure over highway development and concerns have been raised regarding the environmental impact of the Penang South Reclamation (PSR) project, which is intended to fund the PTMP.[34][35] Opponents have also suggested that a bus rapid transit (BRT) system would be more cost-effective than the proposed Mutiara LRT.[36] Despite the LRT line receiving almost 98% public support, dissent against both the PTMP and PSR persisted, with the interest groups aligning themselves with right-wing opposition Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) to pressure the Penang state government to abandon the projects.[37][38][39]

Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow has asserted that due process was followed in obtaining approvals from the Malaysian federal government for the Mutiara LRT, including engagements with local stakeholders, and suggested the detractors to "look at the bigger picture".[40][41] Proponents of the PTMP and transport experts countered that bus systems such as the BRT and the autonomous rail rapid transit (ART) were inadequate for Penang's congested streets, and that rail-based systems would function as a more efficient people mover, unimpeded by traffic conditions.[42][43] Among others, the elected assemblyman for Pulau Tikus Joshua Woo Sze Zeng questioned the motives of the special interest groups and PAS in opposing the PTMP, and noted that the opponents were unable to propose viable alternative financing for public transportation schemes in the state.[44][45]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Penang transportation by the numbers". Penang Monthly. 2015-01-18. Archived from the original on 2016-12-19. Retrieved 2017-03-07.
  2. ^ a b rashid, izyani mastura bt. abdul. "TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN". pgmasterplan.penang.gov.my. Archived from the original on 2018-04-28. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  3. ^ a b c d "Mega projects in Penang to go ahead | The Star". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  4. ^ "Massive projects in place to alleviate urbanisation in Penang". 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
  5. ^ "Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and Mukims, 2010 (page 1 & 8)" (PDF). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
  6. ^ a b hermes (2019-01-02). "Concerns over DAP's $15b transport plan for Penang". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  7. ^ "Penang2030" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-09-16.
  8. ^ a b c "PTMP TIMELINE – Penang Master Plan". Retrieved 2020-07-10.
  9. ^ Mok, Opalyn. "So what exactly is the Penang Transport Master Plan and how is it being funded? | Malay Mail". www.malaymail.com. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  10. ^ a b Wednesday, 15 Jul 2020 10:34 PM MYT. "Penang govt sets up special purpose vehicle for Penang Transport Master Plan | Malay Mail". www.malaymail.com. Retrieved 2020-07-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ "Gamuda made PDP for Penang Transport Master Plan". The Edge Markets. 2020-07-01. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  12. ^ Wednesday, 01 Jul 2020 05:51 PM MYT. "CM: Penang Transport Master Plan's financial architecture plan expected in a month | Malay Mail". www.malaymail.com. Retrieved 2020-07-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ "Gamuda subsidiary inks agreement for Penang transport master plan | The Star". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  14. ^ Nambiar, Predeep (2020-07-01). "Penang may issue own bonds to kick-start 3-islands project". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  15. ^ "Penang govt has no power to issue bonds for mega project | New Straits Times". NST Online. 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2020-07-16.
  16. ^ a b c d e "What Is The Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) All About? | PropertyGuru Malaysia". PropertyGuru Malaysia. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  17. ^ "Keeping folk in the know - Community | The Star Online". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  18. ^ Loh, Arnold. "More rail access for Penang - Nation | The Star Online". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  19. ^ "Trams making comeback under RM27bil Penang plan".
  20. ^ "Penang to ease island's transport woes". The Straits Times. 17 April 2015.
  21. ^ Mok, Opalyn (13 October 2020). "Penang govt yet to decide whether to proceed with undersea tunnel project, says exco | Malay Mail". www.malaymail.com. Retrieved 2020-10-15.
  22. ^ "Penang submits PTMP plan to SPAD". www.thesundaily.my. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  23. ^ "Penang eyeing July approval for LRT; project to begin 2017". 2016-06-13. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  24. ^ "Penang master transport plan partner gets six-month extension". 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
  25. ^ "Penang LRT project to begin next year | New Straits Times". 16 April 2019.
  26. ^ "Air Itam Line". penanginfra.com. Penang Infrastructural Corporation. 2019.
  27. ^ "Penang monorail project right on track" (PDF). The Star. 12 January 2004 – via Perdana Library.
  28. ^ "Pulau Pinang akan perkenal light monorail train" [Penang will unveil light monorail trains] (PDF). Bernama (in Malay). 14 April 2002.
  29. ^ Tan, David; Ibrahim, Nik Khusairi (26 June 2008). "Penang: We'll solve our transport woes ourselves". The Star. Archived from the original on 7 October 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  30. ^ Lee, Jonathan (4 March 2016). "Penang public transport plan revealed – LRT, BRT, monorail and trams to connect island to mainland". paultan.org.
  31. ^ Dermawan, Audrey (15 September 2019). "Penang CM: Traffic woes will worsen if we do not build". New Straits Times.
  32. ^ Rancangan Fizikal Negara Keempat [Fourth National Physical Plan] (in Malay). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Ministry of Housing and Local Government. 2021. p. 80.
  33. ^ "Tanjung Tokong Line". pgmasterplan.penang.gov.my. Penang state government. July 2019.
  34. ^ Azhar, Kamarul (27 Aug 2020). "Cover Story: The long & winding saga of the Penang Transport Master Plan and its political fallout". The Edge. Retrieved 29 Oct 2024.
  35. ^ Opalyn Mok (27 Jun 2019). "So what exactly is the Penang Transport Master Plan and how is it being funded?". Malay Mail. Retrieved 29 Oct 2024.
  36. ^ Opalyn Mok (22 Jul 2016). "Penang Forum's 'better, cheaper, faster' transport plan not practical, says state". Malay Mail. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  37. ^ Nambiar, Predeep (29 Aug 2019). "Overwhelming public approval for Penang's LRT project, says CM". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 29 Mar 2024.
  38. ^ "97% support for the Penang LRT project: Chow". The Sun. 27 Nov 2019. Retrieved 31 Mar 2024.
  39. ^ "Revoke permit for Penang South Reclamation project, PAS urges minister". Free Malaysia Today. 19 Jun 2020. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  40. ^ Opalyn Mok (17 Apr 2019). "Details of Penang LRT project to go on public display for feedback". Malay Mail. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  41. ^ Dermawan, Audrey (1 Apr 2024). "Look at the bigger picture of the Penang LRT project, Chow tells detractors". New Straits Times. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  42. ^ Joshua Woo, Sze Zeng (11 Jun 2024). "Penang's LRT decision, the result of comprehensive evaluation". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  43. ^ "LRT the way to go for Penang". Free Malaysia Today. 6 Jun 2024. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  44. ^ Joshua Woo, Sze Zeng (18 Feb 2020). "What is wrong with PTMP and PSI? — Joshua Woo". Malay Mail. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
  45. ^ Joshua Woo, Sze Zeng (23 Jun 2018). "Penang Transport Master Plan makes financial sense". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 30 Oct 2024.
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Official website

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