Pencil beam scanning is the practice of steering a beam of radiation or charged particles across an object. It is often used in proton therapy, to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure to surrounding non-cancerous cells.
Ionizing radiation
editIonizing radiation photons or x-rays (IMRT) use pencil beam scanning to precisely target a tumor.[1] Photon pencil beam scans are defined as crossing of two beams to a fine point.
Charged particles
editSeveral charged particles devices used with Proton therapy cancer centers use pencil beam scanning.[2] The newer proton therapy machines use a pencil beam scanning technology.[3] This technique is also called spot scanning.[4] The Paul Scherrer Institute was the developer of spot beam.[5]
Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy
editVarian's IMPT system uses all pencil-beam controlled protons where the beam intensity can also be controlled at this small level. This can be done by going back and forth over a previously radiated area during the same radiation session.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Blake GM, Parker JC, Buxton FM, Fogelman I (October 1993). "Dual X-ray absorptiometry: a comparison between fan beam and pencil beam scans". Br J Radiol. 66 (790): 902–6. doi:10.1259/0007-1285-66-790-902. PMID 8220974.
- ^ Khan, Faiz M. (2010). The Physics of Radiation Therapy. ISBN 9780781788564.
- ^ http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf10/K100766.pdf page4
- ^ "03-30-09 - Advances in Proton Therapy, Pencil Beam Technology Reach Patient Care - MD Anderson Cancer Center". www.mdanderson.org. Archived from the original on 2011-03-03.
- ^ "The PSI Proton Therapy Facility". radmed.web.psi.ch. Archived from the original on 2002-01-06.