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Pervez Amini Afshar (Persian: پرویز امینی افشار; born 1921 – died 1979) was the last Chief of Staff of Iran's Imperial Armed Forces.[1]
Pervez Amini Afshar پرویز امینی افشار | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1921 Tehran |
| Died | February 20, 1979 (aged 58) Tehran |
| Cause of death | Execution by fire squad |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Occupation | army commander |
| Known for | One of the army chiefs who signed the military neutrality order in 1979. |
General Pervez Amini Afshar was a prominent Iranian military figure who served as the final head of the Second Department of the Grand Imperial Armed Forces Headquarters. Unfortunately, following the Iranian Revolution, he faced execution, marking a tumultuous end to his military career. Amini Afshar played a significant role in historical events, particularly as one of the signatories of the Declaration of Neutrality by the army on February 22, 1979.[2] [3]
Biography
editBorn into the esteemed Amini Afshar family, General Pervez was the younger brother of Brigadier General Byouk Amini Afshar and Brigadier General Iraj Amini Afshar. The family's military lineage added to his own dedication to serving the nation.
On February 1, 1979, Radio Iran broadcast the news of the execution of four high-ranking army officials, including General Pervez Amini Afshar. The list included Lieutenant General Naematollah Motamedi, the military governor and commander of the Qazvin Corps; Lieutenant General Pervez Amini Afshar, the chief of the Guard Corps; Brigadier General Manouchehr Malek, the commander of the Qazvin Armor Division; and Brigadier General Hossein Hamdaniyan, the head of the SAVAK in Kermanshah.
The executions took place between 3:00 and 4:45 AM, and the bodies of the condemned were sent to the forensic medicine department. This event marked a dark chapter in the aftermath of the Iranian Revolution, with several high-ranking military officials falling victim to political turmoil.[4]
Family tragedy
editGeneral Pervez Amini Afshar's family also faced grave consequences in the wake of the revolution. His brother, Brigadier General Iraj Amini Afshar, who had served as the commander of the Airborne Combat Group, was executed in 1979. Furthermore, Brigadier General Byouk Amini Afshar, initially appointed by the government of Engineer Mehdi Bazargan as the chief of the national gendarmerie, faced trial in 1982 and was sentenced to death on charges of "strengthening the foundations of the tyrannical regime of the Shah and issuing orders to shoot at the Muslim nation."[5]
Declaration of Neutrality
editNotably, General Pervez Amini Afshar took part in the crucial meeting of army officials on February 22, where he assumed the role of the head of the Second Department of the Grand Imperial Armed Forces Headquarters under the chairmanship of General Abbas Gharabaghi. During this gathering, he played a pivotal role in signing the Declaration of Neutrality by the army, reflecting a historic moment that defined the military's stance amidst the political upheavals of the time.[6]
The Declaration of Neutrality marked a significant shift in the Iranian military's position, signaling a detachment from the political turmoil that gripped the nation. General Pervez Amini Afshar's involvement in this declaration demonstrated his commitment to navigating the complex political landscape during a tumultuous period in Iranian history.
In conclusion, General Pervez Amini Afshar's life and career were intertwined with the unfolding events of the Iranian Revolution. His role in the Declaration of Neutrality showcased a military leader grappling with the challenges of political change. The tragic fate that befell him and his family members serves as a somber reminder of the profound impact that historical transitions can have on individuals dedicated to serving their nation.
References
edit- ^ "1979 April 20 to the end of April 1979 February 20 crimes of Islamiun from the beginning" (PDF).,https://holycrime.com/Images/Execution1979(EsfandFarvardin).pdf
- ^ The executioner's advice to the reporter of "Intanat" (Persian),https://www.isna.ir/news/92113021480/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA
- ^ A memorial in defense of human rights in Iran (Persian),https://www.iranrights.org/fa/memorial/story/-3766/parviz-amini-afshar
- ^ Execution of 4 army commanders (Persian),https://farsnews.ir/news/13901201000055/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84-%D9%88-%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%86-
- ^ Khalkhali was excessive in executions The names of some of those who were executed by the sentence of Sadegh Khalkhali (Persian),https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/news/492411/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C-%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AE%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B4%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86
- ^ The names of the military commanders who signed the declaration of neutrality of the army,https://donya-e-eqtesad.com/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-62/3739542-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF