Petunia integrifolia (syn. Petunia violacea), the violet petunia[3] or violetflower petunia,[4] is a species of wild petunia with violet-colored blooms.[5][6] Petunia integrifolia is native to Argentina.[7] P. integrifolia bears flowers approximately 1.5 inch in diameter and the plant is typically smaller and harder to cultivate than the well-known hybrid bedding Petunia now known correctly as Petunia × atkinsiana.[8][9]
| Petunia integrifolia | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Solanales |
| Family: | Solanaceae |
| Genus: | Petunia |
| Species: | P. integrifolia
|
| Binomial name | |
| Petunia integrifolia | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Taxonomy
editThe species was first described as Salpiglossis integrifolia by William Jackson Hooker in 1831.[10] It was transferred to the genus Petunia as P. integrifolia by Hans Schinz and Albert Thellung in 1915.[11] Petunia inflata had sometimes been considered to be a subspecies of P. integrifolia, but the two have different native ranges, with P. inflata growing in more northern areas.[12]
Hallucinogen
editPetunia violacea Lindl. has been reported to be used as a hallucinogen in Ecuador, where the plant has the vernacular name shanín. The drug is said to cause sensations of levitation and flight - a type of hallucination often associated with the use of the more toxic hallucinogenic plants of the deliriant type; e.g., the tropane-containing Atropa and Hyoscyamus, active constituents of the witches' flying ointments of Medieval and Early Modern Europe.[13] [14]
References
edit- ^ Nowick, Elaine (1 October 2014). Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, Volume I: Common Names. Lincoln, NE: Lulu.com. p. 437. ISBN 978-1-60962-058-5.
- ^ "Tropicos.org". Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ Nowick, Elaine (1 October 2014). Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, Volume I: Common Names. Lincoln, NE: Lulu.com. p. 437. ISBN 978-1-60962-058-5.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Petunia integrifolia". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
- ^ ITIS on-line database (1996). "Petunia integrifolia". U.S. Geological Survey. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- ^ Michelle Wishhart. "Petunia Violacea plants". Demand Media. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- ^ "Heirloom Garden: What's Blooming in Autumn?". Smithsonian Gardens. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- ^ Quentin Groom (2011). "Petunia integrifolia". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- ^ "Petunia (group)". Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- ^ William Jackson Hooker (1831), "Plate 3113 and two pages of descriptive text", Curtis's botanical magazine, vol. 5 (new series) = volume 58
- ^ Hans Schinz (1915), "Petunia integrifolia in Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universität Zürich (LXXI.)", Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, vol. 60, p. 361
- ^ Ando, T.; Ishikawa, N.; Watanabe, H.; Kokubun, H.; Yanagisawa, Y.; Hashimoto, G.; Marchesi, E.; Suárez, E. (2005), "A Morphological Study of the Petunia integrifolia Complex (Solanaceae)", Annals of Botany, 96 (5): 887–900, doi:10.1093/aob/mci241, PMC 4247055, PMID 16103037[dead link]
- ^ Schultes, Richard Evans Hallucinogenic Plants a Golden Guide, pub. Golden Press N.Y., 1976, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number : 74-21666, page 150.
- ^ Haro, A., S. L. : "Shamanismo y farmacopea en el Reino de Quito". Inst. Ecuat. Cienc. Nat. Contr., No. 75 : Nov. 1971.
External links
edit
Data related to Petunia integrifolia at Wikispecies
Media related to Petunia integrifolia at Wikimedia Commons- P. integrifolia's entry at Gardenguides.com
