Pimenov (Russian: Пименов) (masculine) or Pimenova (feminine) is a surname of Russian origin. People with the surname include:
- Kristina Pimenova (b. 2005), a Russian child model and actress; daughter of Ruslan Pimenov
- Michael Georgievich Pimenov (b. 1937), a Russian botanist
- Mikhail Pimenov (b. 1983), a Russian professional football player
- Nikolay Pimenov (b. 1958), a Russian former rower
- Ruslan Pimenov (b. 1981), a retired Russian football player, father of Kristina Pimenova
- Sergei Pimenov (b. 1969), a retired Russian professional football player
- Stepan Pimenov (1784-1833), Russian sculptor
- Viktor Pimenov (d. 1996), a cameraman for Vaynakh Television, killed reporting on war in Chechnya
- Yuriy Pimenov (1958–2019), a Russian former rower
- Vyacheslav Pimenov (b. 1991), a professional Russian triathlete