Planck is a large lunar impact crater, approximately 319 kilometers in diameter, that is located in the southern hemisphere of the Moon, on the far side as seen from the Earth.[1] It lies to the west of the walled plain Poincaré, another enormous formation only slightly larger than Planck. Lying across the southeast rim of Planck is the crater Prandtl, to the northeast is Hildegard, and to the west is Fechner. Planck is located within the South Pole–Aitken basin.[2]
 Clementine mosaic | |
| Coordinates | 57°54′S 136°48′E / 57.9°S 136.8°E |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 319 km |
| Depth | Unknown |
| Colongitude | 234° at sunrise |
| Eponym | Max Planck |
Formation
editAccording to a 2012 study, Planck formed roughly 4.09 Ga (billion years) ago, partially resurfacing the area of the South Pole-Aitken basin that it impacted.[2]
Description
edit
Like many lunar formations of this size, the outer rim has been damaged and eroded by lesser impacts, leaving a rugged ring of peaks and ridges that is notched and incised by small craters. The western rim of this walled plain is neatly overlain by a long lunar valley designated the Vallis Planck. Despite its name, however, this valley is actually radial to the walled plain Schrödinger to the south. The valley is approximately 503 kilometers in length.[3]
The most notable feature on the interior floor of Planck is a multi-crater formation in the northern half consisting of Planck W, Planck Y, Planck Z, Planck B, and Planck A. The interior of Planck Y has been almost completely flooded by lava, leaving only a shallow perimeter. Likewise Planck Z has been flooded, although its rim is somewhat more prominent. The interior of Planck B is partly occupied by a concentric crater, and the floor contains several clefts. Parts of the remaining floor of Planck are level and smooth, at least in comparison with the surrounding terrain. This is particularly so in an arc along the northern inner wall. The southern half of the crater is somewhat more irregular, although still forming level plains in places. There are many small craters across the interior of Planck, and a few ghost-crater remnants.
Satellite craters
editBy convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Planck.
| Planck | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 54.7° S | 137.3° E | 18.55 km | WGPSN |
| B | 56.0° S | 137.4° E | 44.88 km | WGPSN |
| C | 53.4° S | 141.3° E | 43.74 km | WGPSN |
| J | 62.9° S | 145.3° E | 25.21 km | WGPSN |
| K | 65.0° S | 146.2° E | 26.06 km | WGPSN |
| L | 66.9° S | 141.8° E | 23.37 km | WGPSN |
| W | 56.0° S | 131.2° E | 17.38 km | WGPSN |
| X | 54.3° S | 129.5° E | 22.27 km | WGPSN |
| Y | 55.0° S | 132.0° E | 40.75 km | WGPSN |
| Z | 56.4° S | 135.2° E | 66.75 km | WGPSN |
See also
edit- 1069 Planckia, asteroid
References
edit- ^ "Planck (crater)". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
- ^ a b Harald, Hiesinger; et al. (April 2012). "New Crater Counts of the South Pole-Aitken Basin". Proceedings of the EGU General Assembly. European Geosciences Union: 8140. Bibcode:2012EGUGA..14.8410H. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
- ^ "Vallis Planck". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.
External links
edit- Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, United States Geological Survey (USGS), Jennifer Blue
Further reading
edit- Andersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A. (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097.
- Bussey, B.; Spudis, P. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81528-4.
- Cocks, Elijah E.; Cocks, Josiah C. (1995). Who's Who on the Moon: A Biographical Dictionary of Lunar Nomenclature. Tudor Publishers. ISBN 978-0-936389-27-1.
- McDowell, Jonathan (July 15, 2007). "Lunar Nomenclature". Jonathan's Space Report. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
- Menzel, D. H.; Minnaert, M.; Levin, B.; Dollfus, A.; Bell, B. (1971). "Report on Lunar Nomenclature by the Working Group of Commission 17 of the IAU". Space Science Reviews. 12 (2): 136–186. Bibcode:1971SSRv...12..136M. doi:10.1007/BF00171763. S2CID 122125855.
- Moore, Patrick (2001). On the Moon. Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-304-35469-6.
- Price, Fred W. (1988). The Moon Observer's Handbook. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33500-3.
- Rükl, Antonín (1990). Atlas of the Moon. Kalmbach Books. ISBN 978-0-913135-17-4.
- Webb, Rev. T. W. (1962). Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes (6th revised ed.). Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-20917-3.
- Whitaker, Ewen A. (1999). Mapping and Naming the Moon. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62248-6.
- Wlasuk, Peter T. (2000). Observing the Moon. Springer. ISBN 978-1-85233-193-1.