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Pohjalaisia (The Ostrobothnians) is a 1914 Finnish play. Based on it, a 1924 opera and two films in 1925 and 1936 were also made.[1][2]
Its story takes place around 1850 in South Ostrobothnia, depicting local folklife[3] and rebellion of the peasants against the Swedish-speaking arbitrary lensmann.[4][3][5] While the lensmann character can be seen as being based on not only oppressive officers[3] but also Klaus Fleming, a Swedish nobleman who was rebelled against by South Ostrobothnian pesants in the late 16th century,[5] the character is also seen as a metaphor for 'the years of oppression' that Finns were facing under Russian rule when the play was written.[6][3][7]
1914 play
editThe play was published by Artturi Järviluoma and produced in 1914. It was first performed at the Finnish National Theatre and directed by Jalmari Lahdensuo, who was also the overall theatre director.[1]
However there exists concrete doubt over whether Järviluoma actually fully wrote the play. Järviluoma's other literary works are modest in comparison. Anton Kangas (1867–1904) worked as Järviluoma's teacher and wrote the unfinished play Härmäläisiä. Although the original script has been destroyed, Järviluoma's notes on it have survived and Pohjalaisia may have largely been derived from it.[8][9][10][11]
1924 opera
editLeevi Madetoja made a popular opera in 1924 based on the play with the same name, commonly known by its English name as The Ostrobothnians.[1][12][13][14]
1925 filmatization
editThe 1925 film version also titled Pohjalaisia is a silent film. It was also directed by Jalmari Lahdensuo. It was aided by the popularity of the opera from only the year before. The film was restored in 2012.[1][15][16][17]
1936 filmatization
editThe 1936 film version again titled Pohjalaisia came with sound and was directed by Toivo Särkkä.[1][18][19]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Tirronen, Lumimarja. "Pohjalaisia". Suomalaisen Elokuvan Festivaali. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Pohjalaisia". Kirjasampo. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ a b c d Kallio, Reino (2011-10-28). "Pohjalaisia-näytelmän historiatausta". Historiatietoa/Reino Kallio (in Finnish). Retrieved 2022-03-24.
- ^ Luutonen, Marketta: Harrin Jussin muisto: Jussipaita suomalaismiehen rooliasuna. Oppimista, opetusta, monitieteisyyttä - Kirjoituksia Kuninkaankartanonmäeltä. 2008. Joensuun yliopisto, Savonlinnan opettajankoulutuslaitos.
- ^ a b Kulmala, Markku (2003). MISS' LAAJA AUKEE? Antti Tuurin Pohjanmaa-sarjan merkitysrakenteita (in Finnish). Tampere University Press. ISBN 978-951-44-5824-8.
- ^ Jutila, Niko. "Pohjalaisia (1925)". elokuvauutiset.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2022-10-15.
- ^ "Anton Kangas – Pohjalaisia-draaman pääkirjoittaja". Historiatietoa/Reino Kallio (in Finnish). 2013-04-26. Retrieved 2022-10-15.
- ^ Asunmaa, Martti (6 October 2014). "Pohjalaisia-näytelmän kiistanalainen synty". Viiskunta. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Satavuotias Pohjalaisia – Anton Kankaan mestariteos". Helsingin Sanomat. 4 October 2014.
- ^ "Lahtelaistohtori epäilee Pohjalaisia-näytelmää plagiaatiksi". ESS. 19 December 2012.
- ^ Kallio, Reino (27 September 2014). "Teatteriväen unohtama 100-vuotismuisto". Ilkka. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ Kuosmanen, Ilkka (15 September 2019). "Esa Heikkilä johtaa Kouvolan Pohjalaisia-oopperan". ESS. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ Salmenhaara, Erkki (1986). "Leevi Madetoja's Ostrobothnians - An opera about freedom". Finnish Music Quarterly. 2. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ Layton, Robert. "Madetoja (The) Ostrobothnians". Gramophone. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Pohjalaisia (1925)". Elonet. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Pohjalaisia (1925)". Elokuvauutiset. 12 March 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ Koivisto, Hannu (8 March 2016). "Maailmankuulu urkurimaestro maaseudun puolesta: lampaita on liikaa". Maaseutumedia. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Pohjalaisia". Elävä Muisti. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
- ^ "Pohjalaisia (1936)". Elonet. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
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