List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Germany

(Redirected from Polish–German Wars)

Poland and Germany have been in many armed conflicts against each other. These include conflicts such as Polish–Teutonic Wars, Silesian Uprisings and World War II. This does include Polish and German intervention in wars such as the Lithuanian Civil War or the Polish–Ukrainian conflict.

  Polish or PolishLithuanian victory

  German, Brandenburger, Teutonic or Prussian victory

  Another result (Result unknown or indecisive, Status quo ante bellum, treaty or peace without a clear result or an internal conflict inside Poland or Germany in which the other intervened)

Civitas Schinesghe against the Holy Roman Empire (9721018)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
972 Battle of Cedynia[1]

Location: Cedynia, present–day Poland

  Civitas Schinesghe   Saxon Eastern March Polish victory[2]
979–980 Otto II's raid on Poland[3]

Part of the German-Polish Wars

Location: Poznań, Greater Poland
 
Mieszko I's warriors
  Civitas Schinesghe   Holy Roman Empire Polish victory[4]
1003–1005 German-Polish War [pl][5]

Part of the German–Polish War (1003–1018)

Location: Bohemia, Lusatia, Margravate of Meissen, Upper Lusatia
 
Map of Poland during the reign of Bolesław I the Brave with marked expeditions and major battles of the GermanPolish War
  Civitas Schinesghe   Holy Roman Empire

Veleti

German victory[6]
1007–1013 German-Polish War [pl][7]

Part of the German–Polish War (1003–1018)

Location: Lubusz Land, Lusatia, Elbe Valley

  Civitas Schinesghe   Holy Roman Empire Polish victory[7]
1015–1018 German-Polish War [pl][8]

Part of the German–Polish War (1003–1018)

Location: Lusatia, Meissen, Bohemia, Greater Poland, Silesia

  Civitas Schinesghe   Holy Roman Empire

Veleti

Polish victory[8]

Kingdom of Poland against the Holy Roman Empire (10281157)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1028–1031 German–Polish War[9]

Part of the German-Polish Wars

Location: Lusatia, Moravia, Saxony, Poland, Red Ruthenia

  Kingdom of Poland

  Kingdom of Hungary (1029–1031)

  Holy Roman Empire

Kievan Rus' (from 1030)

  Kingdom of Hungary (1031)

German–Rus' victory[9]
1109 Henry V's expedition to Poland[10]

Part of the German-Polish Wars

Location: Oder River, Silesia
 
GermanPolish War (1109)
  Kingdom of Poland   Holy Roman Empire

  Duchy of Bohemia

Polish victory[11]
1157 Frederick I's expedition to Głogów[12]

Part of the German-Polish Wars

Location: Głogów, Poznań, Greater Poland
 
Medieval German knights
  Kingdom of Poland

  Cumania

Old Prussians

  Holy Roman Empire

  Duchy of Bohemia

German victory[13]

Kingdom of Poland against the Margraviate of Brandenburg (12471427)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1209–1211 Battle of Lubusz[14]

Location: Lubusz Land, Kingdom of Poland

 
Henry the Bearded
  Duchy of Silesia

  Duchy of Greater Poland

  Margraviate ofBrandenburg Polish victory[14]
1225–1229 Second war for Lubusz[15]   Kingdom of Poland   Margraviate of Brandenburg Polish victory[16]
1238—1240 Battle of Lubusz[17]

Location: Lubusz Land, Kingdom of Poland

 
Otto III and John I
  Duchy of Silesia   Margraviate of Brandenburg Polish victory[18]
1265—1278 Polish–Brandenburgian War[19][20]   Kingdom of Poland   Margraviate of Brandenburg Polish victory[19][20]
1308 Siege of Gdańsk [pl][21][22]

Location: Gdańsk, Kingdom of Poland

 
Modern–day Gdańsk
  Kingdom of Poland

  Teutonic Order

  Margraviate of Brandenburg

Swienca family

Diocese of Kamien Pomorski

Diocese of Lebus

Polish victory[21][22]
1326 Raid on Brandenburg[23]

Location: Neumark, East Brandenburg

 
Neumark, portion to the east, c. 1320. Cross-hatched are territories acquired by the House of Ascania outside of Brandenburg.
  Grand Duchy of Lithuania
  Kingdom of Poland
  Margraviate of Brandenburg Polish victory[24]
  • Area looted and devastated[24]
  • Many prisoners taken[25]
1425–1427 Uckermark War[26][27]

Location: Uckermark, Brandenburg

  Pomerania-Stettin

  Pomerania-Wolgast

  Pomerania-Stolp

  Pomerania-Stargard

  Mecklenburg-Stargard

  Kingdom of Poland

  Werle (1425–1426)

  Margraviate of Brandenburg Allied victory[26][27]

Kingdom of Poland against the Teutonic Order (13081521)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1308 Teutonic takeover of Danzig[28]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: Danzig (Gdańsk)
 
Pomerelia (Pommerellen) while part of the monastic state of the Teutonic Knights.
  Kingdom of Poland   Teutonic Order Teutonic victory[29]
1326–1332 Polish–Teutonic War[30]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: Kuyavia, Kulmerland
 
King Ladislaus the Elbow-high breaking off agreements with the Teutonic Knights at Brześć Kujawski, a painting by Jan Matejko in the National Museum in Warsaw
  Kingdom of Poland

  Grand Duchy of Lithuania

  Kingdom of Hungary

  Teutonic Order

  Kingdom of Bohemia

  Duchy of Masovia

  Holy Roman Empire

Inconclusive[31]
1345–1348 Polish–Bohemian War[32] Location: Silesia, Lesser Poland
 
Casimir the Great by Leopold Löffler
  Kingdom of Poland   Kingdom of Bohemia

  Holy Roman Empire

Inconclusive[33]
1389–1392 Lithuanian Civil War[34]

Part of the VytautasJogaila power struggle

Location: Prussia, Grand Duchy of Lithuania
 
Jogaila, later known as Władysław II Jagiełło
  Grand Duchy of Lithuania

  Kingdom of Poland

  Teutonic Order

  Samogitia

  Rus' principalities

Inconclusive[34][35]
1409–1411 Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War[36]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: Baltic coast
 
Battle of Grunwald (painted in 1878)
  Kingdom of Poland

  Grand Duchy of Lithuania

  Golden Horde

  Teutonic Order

  Kingdom of Denmark

  Holy Roman Empire

Polish–Lithuanian victory[37]
1414 Hunger War[37]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: State of the Teutonic Order

  Kingdom of Poland

  Grand Duchy of Lithuania

  Teutonic Order Mediation at the Council of Constance[38]
1419 Retreat Expedition [pl][39]   Kingdom of Poland   Teutonic Order Initial Polish victory

Cancelling of invasion afterwards[40]

1422 Golub War[41]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars and the Lithuanian Crusade

Location: Chełmno Land in the State of the Teutonic Order
 
Golub Castle
  Kingdom of Poland

  Grand Duchy of Lithuania

  Principality of Moldavia

  Teutonic Order
  • Mercenaries
  • Various knights from the rest of Europe
Polish victory[42]
1431–1435 Polish–Teutonic War[43]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: State of the Teutonic Order
 
A Hugo Schüllinger painting of Hussite warriors
Polish victory[44]
1432–1438 Lithuanian Civil War[45]
Location: Grand Duchy of Lithuania
 
Royal seal of Sigismund Kęstutaitis
  Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Švitrigaila's supporters)

  Teutonic Order

  Golden Horde

  Principality of Moldavia

  Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Sigismund's supporters)

  Kingdom of Poland

  Orphans (Hussite mercenaries)

Švitrigaila's defeat[46]
1454–1466 Thirteen Years' War[48]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: Pomerelia, Prussia, Baltic Sea
 
Battle of Konitz, 1454
Polish victory[49]
1467–1479 War of the Priests[51]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: Warmia

  Kingdom of Poland   Teutonic Order
Diocese of Warmia
Polish victory[52]
1519–1521 Polish–Teutonic War[53][54]

Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars

Location: State of the Teutonic Order
 
16th-century Polish soldiers, depicted by Jan Matejko
  Kingdom of Poland   Teutonic Order Polish victory[55]

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against Prussia (1794)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1794 Kościuszko Uprising[56]

Part of the Partitions of Poland and Polish-Russian Wars

Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Prussian Partition (Greater Poland and Kuyavia), Russian Partition
 
Tadeusz Kościuszko taking the oath, 24th March 1794
  Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth   Russian Empire

  Prussia

Prussian–Russian victory[57]

Duchy of Warsaw against Prussia (18061815)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1806 Greater Poland Uprising[58]

Part of the War of the Fourth Coalition

Location: Greater Poland
 
Entrance of Jan Henryk Dąbrowski to Poznań painted by Jan Gładysz
  First French Empire

  Duchy of Warsaw

  Kingdom of Prussia Franco–Polish victory[59]
1812–1814 War of the Sixth Coalition[60]

Part of the Napoleonic Wars and Coalition Wars

Location: Central and Eastern Europe, the Low Countries, France
 
Strategic situation in Europe in 1813
Original coalition

After the Armistice of Pläswitz

After the Battle of Leipzig

After 20 November 1813

After January 1814

  France

Until January 1814


Co-belligerent:

  United States (War of 1812 only)

Coalition victory[61]

Polish insurgents against Prussia (1848)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1848 Greater Poland Uprising[62]

Part of the Revolutions of 1848

Location: Prussian Partition (Grand Duchy of Posen and former West Prussia), Silesia
 
Karl Wilhelm von Willisen
Polish independence movement   Prussia Prussian victory[63]

Second Polish Republic against Weimar Republic (19181921)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1918–1919 Greater Poland Uprising[64]

Part of the Aftermath of World War I

Location: Greater Poland
 
Soldiers and workers assembling to elect a council in Poznań, 10 November 1918
  Polish insurgents

  Second Polish Republic

  Weimar Republic Polish victory[65]
1919 First Silesian Uprising[66]

Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings

Location: Parts of Upper Silesia

  Polish insurgents

  Second Polish Republic

  Weimar Republic German victory[67]
  • Rebellion suppressed
1920 Second Silesian Uprising[66]

Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings

Location: Upper Silesia

  Polish insurgents

  Second Polish Republic

  Weimar Republic Polish victory[68]
1921 Third Silesian Uprising[66]

Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Silesian Uprisings

Location: Upper Silesia
 
Opposing the Silesian insurrectionists were the Grenzschutz "border guards" of the Weimar Republic.
  Polish insurgents

  Second Polish Republic

  Weimar Republic League of Nations forces a ceasefire[69]

Polish Underground State against Nazi Germany (19391945)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1939 Invasion of Poland[70]

Part of the European theatre of World War II

Location: Second Polish Republic, eastern Germany, Free City of Danzig (modern-day Gdańsk)
 
Vyacheslav Molotov signs the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, a German-Soviet non-aggression pact
  Second Polish Republic   Nazi Germany

  Slovakia

  Soviet Union

German–Soviet–Slovak victory[71]
1939–1945 World War II[72]
Location:
 
Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, Mussolini, and Ciano pictured just before signing the Munich Agreement, 29 September 1938
Allies of World War II

Including:

  Polish Underground State

Axis powers

Including:

  Nazi Germany

Allied victory[73]

Communist Poland against Nazi Germany (19391947)

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Year Conflict Polish side German side Result
1939–1947 Polish–Ukrainian conflict[74]

Part of World War II and the Cold War

Location: Lublin Voivodeship, Lwów Voivodeship, Rzeszów Voivodeship [pl]
 
Basaj's Unit
  Polish Underground State

After 1944:

  Polish People's Republic

Ukrainian Insurgent Army

  Nazi Germany (1943–1945)

Polish victory[75][76][77]
  • Liquidation of UPA in Polish territories
  • Mass deportation of Ukrainian civilians

References

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