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The Pomaks in Turkey refers to an ethnic group, who are Sunni muslims, and speak their own dialect of Pomak language.[1] They mostly live in Eastern Thrace, though some are also present in Anatolia.[2]
Türkiye'deki Pomaklar | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| 750,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Eastern Thrace | |
| Languages | |
| Pomak, Turkish | |
| Religion | |
| Sunni Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| South Slavs (mainly Bulgarians and Macedonians) |
Numbers
edit| Year | As first language | As second language | Total | Turkey's population | % of Total speakers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1935 | 32,661 | 8,380 | 41,041 | 16,157,450 | 0.25 |
| 1945 | 10,287 | 5,594 | 15,881 | 18,790,174 | 0.08 |
| 1950 | 36,612 | 0 | 36,612 | 20,947,188 | 0.17 |
| 1955 | 16,163 | 22,816 | 38,979 | 24,064,763 | 0.16 |
| 1960 | 24,098 | 28,602 | 52,700 | 27,754,820 | 0.19 |
| 1965 | 23,138 | 34,234 | 57,372 | 31,391,421 | 0.18 |
In the census of 1965, those who spoke Pomak as first language were proportionally numerous in Edirne (3.4%), Kırklareli (1.3%) and Çanakkale (1.0%).
Language
editThe Pomaks of Turkey speak a Bulgarian dialect.[4][5][6][7][8] According to Ethnologue at present 300,000 Pomaks in European Turkey speak Bulgarian as mother tongue.[9] It is very hard to estimate the number of Pomaks along with the Turkified Pomaks who live in Turkey, as they have blended into the Turkish society and have been often linguistically and culturally assimilated.[10] According to Milliyet and Turkish Daily News reports, the number of the Pomaks along with the Turkified Pomaks in the country is about 600,000.[10][11]
References
edit
- ^ "Türk Tarih Kurumu E-Mağaza". emagaza-ttk.ayk.gov.tr. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
- ^ "Pomaks in USA".
- ^ Fuat Dündar, Türkiye Nüfus Sayımlarında Azınlıklar, 2000
- ^ The Balkans, Minorities and States in Conflict (1993), Minority Rights Publication, by Hugh Poulton, p. 111.
- ^ Richard V. Weekes; Muslim peoples: a world ethnographic survey, Volume 1; 1984; p.612
- ^ Raju G. C. Thomas; Yugoslavia unraveled: sovereignty, self-determination, intervention; 2003, p.105
- ^ R. J. Crampton, Bulgaria, 2007, p.8
- ^ Janusz Bugajski, Ethnic politics in Eastern Europe: a guide to nationality policies, organizations, and parties; 1995, p.237
- ^ Gordon, Raymond G. Jr., ed. (2005). "Languages of Turkey (Europe)". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Fifteenth ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. ISBN 978-1-55671-159-6.
- ^ a b "Trial sheds light on shades of Turkey". Hurriyet Daily News and Economic Review. 10 June 2008. Archived from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
- ^ "Milliyet - Turkified Pomaks in Turkey" (in Turkish). www.milliyet.com.tr. Retrieved 8 February 2011.