The Siberia Portal
A portal dedicated to Siberia
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A river with the Ural Mountains in the background, Berezovsky, Khantia-Mansia, Russia Urals -
Chuysky tract in Shebalinsky District, on the outskirts of the village of Kamlak. The district is an administrative and municipal district (raion), and one of the ten in the Altai Republic, Russia. -
A JSC Siberia Airlines Airbus A319-114 in Frankfurt, Germany -
Kuznetsk Alatau is a mountain range in South Siberia, Russia -
A view of Katun Nature Reserve, a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve) located in the highlands of the central Altai Mountains of south Siberia -
An ice cave on Olkhon Island, eastern Siberia, Russia -
The Vasyugan, a river in the southern West Siberian Plain of Russia -
A view of Belukha Mountain. It is located in the Katun Mountains and is the highest peak of the Altai Mountains in Russia, and is the highest of the system of the South Siberian Mountains.
Introduction
Siberia | |
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Geographical region | |
 Siberian Federal District |
Siberia (/saɪˈbɪəriə/ sy-BEER-ee-ə; Russian: Сибирь, romanized: Sibir', IPA: [sʲɪˈbʲirʲ] ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states since the centuries-long conquest of Siberia, which began with the fall of the Khanate of Sibir in the late 16th century and concluded with the annexation of Chukotka in 1778. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over 13.1 million square kilometres (5,100,000 sq mi), but home to roughly a quarter of Russia's population. Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Omsk are the largest cities in the area.
Because Siberia is a geographic and historic concept and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia spans the entire expanse of land from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, with the Ural River usually forming the southernmost portion of its western boundary, and includes most of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. It is further defined as stretching from the territories within the Arctic Circle in the north to the northern borders of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China in the south, although the hills of north-central Kazakhstan are also commonly included. The Russian government divides the region into three federal districts (groupings of Russian federal subjects), of which only the central one is officially referred to as "Siberian"; the other two are the Ural and Far Eastern federal districts, named for the Ural and Russian Far East regions that correspond respectively to the western and eastern thirds of Siberia in the broader sense.
Siberia is known for its long, harsh winters, with a January average of −25 °C (−13 °F). Although it is geographically in Asia, Russian sovereignty and colonization since the 16th century has led to perceptions of the region as culturally and ethnically European. Over 85% of its population are of European descent, chiefly Russian (comprising the Siberian sub-ethnic group), and Eastern Slavic cultural influences predominate throughout the region. Nevertheless, there exist sizable ethnic minorities of Asian lineage, including various Turkic communities—many of which, such as the Yakuts, Tuvans, Altai, and Khakas, are Indigenous—along with the Mongolic Buryats, ethnic Koreans, and smaller groups of Samoyedic and Tungusic peoples (several of whom are classified as Indigenous small-numbered peoples by the Russian government), among many others. (Full article...)
Selected article -
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Salekhard (Russian: Салеха́рд [səlʲɪˈxart]; Khanty: Пуӆңават, Pułñawat; Nenets: Саляʼ харад, Saljaꜧ harad, formerly Obdorsk) is a town and the administrative centre of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The town lies on the Arctic Circle, with the town centre being about 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) south and suburbs stretching to the north of the circle. The population is 47,910 (2021 Census)[1]. (Full article...)
Interesting facts -
- The Azerbaijani geologist Farman Salmanov, who discovered huge oil fields of Western Siberia in 1961, was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor at the unusually young age of 37.
- NASA terraforming expert Christopher McKay has explored the Gobi Desert, Siberia and Antarctica to study extremophilic life forms.
- During the Soviet deportations from Estonia in 1940-1941 and 1944-1951 the Soviet Union forcibly transferred tens of thousands of Estonian citizens to Siberia.
General topics
- Prehistory of Siberia
- History of Siberia
- Geography of Siberia
- North Asia § Geography
- Demographics of Siberia
- Indigenous peoples of Siberia
- Category:Flora of Siberia – includes flora taxa that are native to Siberia. Taxa of the lowest rank are always included. Higher taxa are included only if endemic.
- Siberia Governorate
- Siberian Republic
- Great Russian Regions
- Trans-Siberian Railway
Need assistance?
Do you have a question about Siberia that you can't find the answer to? Consider asking it at the Wikipedia reference desk.
General images -
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A 17th-century koch in a museum in Krasnoyarsk. Kochs were the earliest icebreakers and were widely used by Russian people in the Arctic and on Siberian rivers. (from History of Siberia) -
A Nanai family in traditional costumes (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Laminar armour from hardened leather reinforced by wood and bones such as this was worn by native Siberians (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
An ethnographic map of 16th-century Siberia, made in the Russian Empire period, between 1890 and 1907 (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
The Khanate of Sibir in the 15th and 16th centuries (from History of Siberia) -
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Koryak men starting a fire (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
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Indigenous Siberian canoe at Krasnoyarsk Regional Museum, Russia (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
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Ket woman -
The map shows the origin of the first wave of humans into the Americas. Involved are the ANE (Ancestral Northern Eurasian, which represent a distinct Paleolithic Siberian population), and the NEA (Northeast Asians, which are an East Asian-related group). The admixture happened somewhere in Northeast Siberia. (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
An Indigenous Siberian shaman at Kranoyarsk Regional Museum, Russia (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Indigenous Siberian musical instrument used with throat singing, at Krasnoyarsk Regional Museum, Russia (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Selkup man -
The Putorana Plateau is composed of Siberian Traps. (from Siberian Traps) -
Layers of igneous rock from the Putorana Plateau. (from Siberian Traps) -
Selenga Buryats (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
1905 map of Siberia (from History of Siberia) -
A sample of Siberian Traps basalt (dark) containing native iron (from Siberian Traps) -
Lamellar armour traditionally worn by the Koryak people (c. 1900) (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
A Siberian Yupik woman holding walrus tusks (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Step-like geomorphology at the Putorana Plateau, which is a World Heritage Site. (from Siberian Traps) -
Siberian river routes were of primary importance in the process of Russian exploration and conquest of Siberia. (from History of Siberia) -
The tower of the 17th-century Russian Ilimsky ostrog, now in Taltsy Museum in Irkutsk, Siberia. (from History of Siberia) -
Nenets child (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Ethnographic map of the Soviet Union, 1970 (from History of Siberia) -
A group of Kachin Khakas (from Indigenous peoples of Siberia) -
Siberia in 1636 (from History of Siberia) -
The extent of the Siberian Traps (map in German) (from Siberian Traps) -
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Trans-Siberian Railway route map
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External media
Most populated areas
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More portals
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.