Portnov (feminine: Portnova; Russian: Портнов, Портнова) is a Russian-language occupational surname derived from the occupation of portnoy, "tailor" and literally meaning "<child> of the tailor". Sometimes written as Portnoff or Portnow.
The surname may refer to:
- Aleksandr Portnov, Soviet Olympic diver
- Andrii Portnov, Ukrainian historian
- Andriy Portnov, Ukrainian lawyer
- Zinaida Portnova, hero of the Soviet Union
- Larion Portnov, a mayor of Odesa, Ukraine