Pourandokht "Pouran" Bazargan (Persian: پوراندخت (پوران) بازرگان) was an Iranian teacher, revolutionary and translator. She was notably the first female member of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK).
Pouran Bazargan | |
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| Born | Pourandokht Bazargan 1937 |
| Died | 6 March 2007 (aged 69–70) |
| Nationality | Iranian |
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| Spouse | |
Biography
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Bazargan was born in a middle-class family in the city of Mashhad and was brought up as a devout Muslim.[1] As an adult she became principal of Refah School, a girls school in Tehran.[1] In the 1960s, she began her political activism within a religious organization opposed to the Shah.[2] Bazargan joined the MEK as its first female member, and married Mohammad Hanifnejad, a co-founder of the group.[1] Bazargan was a regular of Ali Shariati speeches at Hosseiniyeh Ershad and was personally in touch with him.[3][4] According to Ali Rahnema, Shariaiti who knew that Bazargan was associated with the MEK, introduced Simin Jariri to her.[4]
Bazargan left Iran in 1981 after government crackdowns of political activists, and resided in a number of countries, including Syria, Lebanon and Turkey, to act as a liaison for the group.[5] In 1974, after the death of Hanifnezhad, she married fellow MEK member Torab Haghshenas.[6][5][7] In 1975, she sided with the Organization of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class.[1] Among her family members in the MEK, only her sister converted to Marxism while her brother Mansour Bazargan (who had been imprisoned since 1972 in Iran) and sister-in-law Fatemeh Amini (who died under torture refusing to betray her MEK colleagues to Iranian authorities) remained Muslims and associates of the Islamic faction.[1]
After the Iranian Revolution, Bazargan continued her support for the communist Organization of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class,[1] pursuing her political activity in exile.[5] She was the widow of the MEK's martyr and co-founder, as well as being the first woman to join the MEK.[7] She was also employed at the Palestinian Red Crescent Hospital in Damascus and in the Sadra refugee camp in Beirut.[8][7] In exile, Bazargan translated many works from French, English and Arabic with her husband Torab Haghshenas and launched a website name Peykar Andisheh.[5] The couple espoused a more internationalist view and became critical of armed struggle because they believed guerrilla movements were isolated from the workers' movement.[5]
Bazargan died of a "long illness" in 6th of March 2007.[5][9]
References
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- ^ a b c d e f Abrahamian 1989, p. 147
- ^ https://iranian.com/Mather/2007/March/Obit/index.html
- ^ Rahnema 1998, p. 278
- ^ a b Rahnema 1998, p. 318
- ^ a b c d e f Mather 2016
- ^ I Vindicated Savak Kindle Edition. Xlibris US (December 29, 2022). Dr. Rouzbeh Azarbarzin and Armen Saginian.
- ^ a b c Abrahamian 1989, p. 253
- ^ The Fate of Third Worldism in the Middle East: Iran, Palestine and Beyond (Radical Histories of the Middle East). Oneworld Academic (February 13, 2024). Rasmus C. Elling and Sune Haugbolle.
- ^ https://iranian.com/Mather/2007/March/Obit/index.html
- Rahnema, Ali (1998), An Islamic Utopian: A Political Biography of Ali Shariati, I.B.Tauris, ISBN 1860645526
- Abrahamian, Ervand (1989), Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin, I.B. Tauris, Yale University Press, ISBN 9781850430773
- Mather, Yassamine (4 February 2016), "Obituary: A lifelong internationalist" (PDF), The Weekly Worker (1092): 11