Prince Harald of Denmark (Harald Christian Frederik; 8 October 1876 – 30 March 1949) was a member of the Danish Royal Family. He was the third son and fourth child of Frederick VIII of Denmark and his wife, Lovisa of Sweden, and thus brother to Christian X of Denmark and Haakon VII of Norway.
| Prince Harald | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Born | 8 October 1876 Charlottenlund Palace, Gentofte, Denmark | ||||
| Died | 30 March 1949 (aged 72) Copenhagen, Denmark | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | |||||
| |||||
| House | Glücksburg | ||||
| Father | Frederick VIII of Denmark | ||||
| Mother | Louise of Sweden | ||||
The prince served in the Royal Danish Army for most of his life, and reached the rank of Lieutenant General.
Early life
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Prince Harald was born on 8 October 1876 at his parents' country residence, the Charlottenlund Palace in Gentofte Municipality north of Copenhagen, during the reign of his paternal grandfather, King Christian IX.[1] He was the fourth child and third son of Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark and his wife Louise of Sweden.[1] His father was the eldest son of King Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel, and his mother was the only daughter of King Charles XV of Sweden and Norway and Louise of the Netherlands.[2] He was baptised with the names Harald Christian Frederik, and was known as Prince Harald.[1]
Prince Harald was raised with his siblings in the royal household in Copenhagen, and grew up between his parents' city residence, the Frederik VIII's Palace, an 18th-century palace which forms part of the Amalienborg Palace complex in central Copenhagen, and their country residence, the Charlottenlund Palace, located by the coastline of the Øresund strait north of the city.[3] At the age of 17, Prince Harald entered a military career as was customary for princes at the time. He later served with the Guard Hussar Regiment.[1]
Marriage
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At the age of 33, on 28 April 1909 at Glücksburg Castle in Schleswig-Holstein, Prince Harald married his second cousin Princess Helena of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, daughter of Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.[1]
After their marriage, Prince Harald and Princess Helena lived at the Jægersborghus country house north of Copenhagen which Prince Harald had purchased in 1907.[4] Here their five children were born between 1910 and 1923.
Later life
editLike other members of the Danish royal family, his economic situation was influenced by the failure of Den Danske Landmandsbank in 1923. Until 1935, however, he and his family were able to stay at Jægersborghus but then moved to a villa in the northern part of Copenhagen.[5]
At the age of 50, Prince Harald retired from active service with the rank of Major General. In 1933, however, his brother King Christian X appointed him Lieutenant General.
During World War II, Princess Helena became very unpopular because of her sympathy for the German occupation of Denmark and the Nazi party. Because of this, she was reportedly not on speaking terms with her sons.[6]
After the war, Princess Helena was not brought to trial, being a member of the royal family who did not wish any publicity on the matter, but was exiled from Denmark 30 May 1945 and placed under house arrest at the Glücksburg Castle in Germany. She was allowed to return to Denmark in 1947, when Prince Harald fell gravely ill. She stayed with her spouse until his death two years later.[7]
Prince Harald died on 30 March 1949 in Copenhagen. As a Danish prince, he was buried at Roskilde Cathedral on the island of Zealand, the traditional burial site for Danish monarchs since the 15th century.[8] Princess Helena survived her husband by 13 years and died on 30 June 1962.
Honours
editNational decorations[9]
- RE – Knight of the Elephant, 28 July 1894
- DM – Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog, 28 July 1894
- SK – Grand Cross of the Dannebrog, 8 October 1917
- GbET – Commemorative Medal for the Golden Wedding of King Christian IX and Queen Louise
- MM 8 April 1918 – King Christian IX Centenary Medal
Foreign decorations[9]
Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Royal Order of Leopold
France: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
German Imperial and Royal Family:
Greek Royal Family: Grand Cross of the Redeemer
Norway:
- Grand Cross of St. Olav, with Collar, 22 June 1906[10]
- Commemorative Medal for the Coronation of King Haakon VII and Queen Maud
Sweden:
- Knight of the Seraphim, 27 August 1897[11]
- Knight of the Order of Charles XIII, 1927[12]
Thailand: Grand Cordon of the Order of Chula Chom Klao
United Kingdom: GCVO – Honorary Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, 11 October 1901[13]
Issue
editHarald and Helena had five children:
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Princess Feodora | 3 July 1910 | 17 March 1975 | married her first cousin, Prince Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe and had issue. |
| Princess Caroline-Mathilde | 27 April 1912 | 12 December 1995 | married her first cousin Prince Knud of Denmark and had issue. |
| Princess Alexandrine-Louise | 12 December 1914 | 26 April 1962 | married Count Luitpold of Castell-Castell and had issue. |
| Prince Gorm | 24 February 1919 | 26 December 1991 | Unmarried and without issue. |
| Prince Oluf | 10 March 1923 | 19 December 1990 | Lost his title and became HE Count Oluf of Rosenborg after marrying without consent to Annie Helene Dorrit Puggard-Müller and to Lis Wulff-Juergensen. He has issue. |
Ancestry
edit| Ancestors of Prince Harald of Denmark |
|---|
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d e Engelstoft 1936, p. 339.
- ^ Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1977). Burke's Royal Families of the World. Vol. 1. London, UK: Burke's Peerage Ltd. p. 71.
- ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 274.
- ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 346.
- ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 347.
- ^ Tore Pryser (2009). Kvinnliga spioner (Female spies) (in Swedish). ISBN 978-91-27-11741-9.
- ^ Bramsen 1992, p. 351-352.
- ^ "Prins Harald". gravsted.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ a b Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1943) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1943 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1943] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. pp. 77, 89. Retrieved 30 April 2020 – via da:DIS Danmark.
- ^ Norway (1908), "Den kongelige norske Sanct Olavs Orden", Norges Statskalender (in Norwegian), pp. 869–870, retrieved 17 September 2021
- ^ Sveriges Statskalender (in Swedish), vol. 2, 1925, p. 813, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
- ^ Sveriges Statskalender (in Swedish), vol. 2, 1940, p. 345, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
- ^ "No. 27364". The London Gazette. 11 October 1901. p. 6640.
Bibliography
edit- Bramsen, Bo (1992). Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt [The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants] (in Danish) (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: Forlaget Forum. ISBN 87-553-1843-6.
- Engelstoft, Povl (1936). "Harald" (PDF). In Engelstoft, Povl; Dahl, Svend (eds.). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (in Danish). Vol. IX (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz Forlag. p. 339.
- Fabricius-Møller, Jes (2013). Dynastiet Glücksborg, en Danmarkshistorie [The Glücksborg Dynasty, a history of Denmark] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gad. ISBN 9788712048411.
- Jespersen, Knud J.V. (1980). "Harald (prins)". In Cedergreen Bech, Svend (ed.). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (in Danish). Vol. VI (3rd ed.). Copenhagen: Gyldendal. ISBN 8700055514.
- Lerche, Anna; Mandal, Marcus (2003). A royal family : the story of Christian IX and his European descendants. Copenhagen: Aschehoug. ISBN 9788715109577.
- Olden-Jørgensen, Sebastian (2003). Prinsessen og det hele kongerige. Christian IX og det glücksborgske kongehus [The princess and the whole kingdom. Christian IX and the royal house of Glücksburg] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gad. ISBN 8712040517.