Princess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
Princess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (German: Helene Adelheid Viktoria Marie; 1 June 1888 - 30 June 1962) was the third eldest daughter of Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and his wife Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.[citation needed] She was a princess of Denmark through her marriage within the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg to Prince Harald of Denmark. Princess Helena was a Nazi sympathiser during World War II and was after the war exiled from Denmark, but eventually allowed to return, where she died.
| Princess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg | |||||
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| Princess Harald of Denmark | |||||
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| Born | 1 June 1888 Grünholz, Province of Schleswig-Holstein, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire | ||||
| Died | 30 June 1962 (aged 74) Hellerup, Denmark | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
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| House | Glücksburg | ||||
| Father | Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein | ||||
| Mother | Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg | ||||
Early life
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Princess Helena was born 1 June 1888 at Grünholz Castle (Thumby) in Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia, the third eldest daughter of Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and his wife Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg. Her mother was sister of Empress Augusta Victoria, making her sister in law of Wilhelm II, German Emperor and granddaughter of Princess Feodora of Leiningen, maternal half-sister of Queen Victoria. Her father was the eldest son of Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and a nephew of Christian IX of Denmark. Three years before the birth of Princess Helena, he had succeeded to the headship of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and the title of Duke upon the death of his father in 1885.
Marriage and issue
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Princess Helena was engaged in 1908, and married Prince Harald of Denmark, fourth child and third son of Frederik VIII of Denmark and his wife Princess Louise of Sweden and Norway on 28 April 1909 at Glücksburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.[citation needed]
After their marriage, Prince Harald and Princess Helena lived at the Jægersborghus country house north of Copenhagen which Prince Harald had purchased in 1907. Their five children were born between 1910 and 1923.[citation needed]
The only activity deemed acceptable for a female member of the royal house except representation was charity and, in 1913, Princess Helena started a campaign to found an orphanage in Gentofte. The orphanage, Spædbørnshjemmet Danmark, was finally founded in 1923. After this, she acted as the protector of the orphanage and its funds, which was taken over by her daughter princess Caroline-Mathilde after her. The institution's money was in 1977 used to create the Danmarksfonden, a fund for social and cultural matters.
Later life
editPrincess Helena became very unpopular during World War II because of her sympathy for the German occupation and the Nazi party after the German occupation of Denmark in 1940. The Danish resistance movement stated that Princess Helena was the only member of the Danish royal house to have betrayed Denmark: she received and entertained Germans in her home, attended parties hosted by the Germans at Gesandtskab and had been introduced to Danish collaborationists by the Danish noblewoman Ebba Lerche.[1][2] Her actions were so unpopular that, on some occasions, enraged Danes had even broken the windows of her limousine.[2] Because of her professed support for the Germans, she was reportedly not on speaking terms with her sons, who were embarrassed by her behaviour.[2] Even her husband had taken to avoiding the dining room when she was hosting him.[2] One of her own servants, Paul Dall, responsible for setting her table, was a contact of the German Abwehr in Copenhagen, and was after the war judged guilty as a spy.[1]
On 18 January 1942, she participated in the memorial service for an SS officer, C.E. von Schalburg, who had died on the Russian front, a service which the monarch refused to attend. In 1942, Helena made efforts to convince Prince Knud of Denmark to persuade the monarch to allow Nazi members in to the Danish government.[3]
Princess Helena is not considered to have been a regular German agent, but rather an informer and a contact on informal basis.[3] After the war, owing to Princess Helena being a member of the Royal house, she was not brought to trial, as any punishment was at the discretion of the King. He instead exiled her from Denmark on 30 May 1945 and placed under house arrest at the Glücksburg Castle in Germany.[3]
She was allowed to return to Denmark in 1947, when Prince Harald fell gravely ill. She stayed with her spouse until his death two years later.[4] Prince Harald died on 30 March 1949 in Copenhagen. Princess Helena survived her husband by 13 years and died on 30 June 1962 in Hellerup, Denmark.[citation needed] She was buried at Roskilde Cathedral.
Issue
editHelena and Harald had five children:[citation needed]
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Princess Feodora | 3 July 1910 | 17 March 1975 | married her first cousin, Prince Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe and had issue. |
| Princess Caroline-Mathilde | 27 April 1912 | 12 December 1995 | married her first cousin Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark and had issue. |
| Princess Alexandrine-Louise | 12 December 1914 | 26 April 1962 | married Count Luitpold of Castell-Castell and had issue. |
| Prince Gorm | 24 February 1919 | 26 December 1991 | Unmarried and without issue. |
| Prince Oluf | 10 March 1923 | 19 December 1990 | Lost his title and became HE Count Oluf of Rosenborg after marrying without consent to Annie Helene Dorrit Puggard-Müller and to Lis Wulff-Juergensen. He has issue. |
Ancestry
edit| Ancestors of Princess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg |
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References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b Tore Pryser (2009). Kvinnliga spioner (Female spies) (in Swedish). ISBN 978-91-27-11741-9.
- ^ a b c d Van der Kiste, John (1996). Northern Crowns: The Kings of Modern Scandinavia. ISBN 9780750911382., p. 115
- ^ a b c Tore Pryser (2009). Kvinnliga spioner (in Swedish). ISBN 978-91-27-11741-9.
- ^ Bo Bramsen (1992). Huset Glücksborg (in Danish). Forum.
Bibliography
edit- Bramsen, Bo (1992). Huset Glücksborg. Europas svigerfader og hans efterslægt [The House of Glücksburg. The Father-in-law of Europe and his descendants] (in Danish) (2nd ed.). Copenhagen: Forlaget Forum. ISBN 87-553-1843-6.