Prusakova (Russian: Прусакова) is a feminine surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Lana Prusakova (born 2000), Russian freestyle skier
- Maria Prusakova (born 1983), Russian politician
- Marina Prusakova (born 1941), Russian-American pharmacist and widow of Lee Harvey Oswald
- Mariya Prusakova (born 1989), Russian snowboarder